64 research outputs found
Spot the conversation: speaker diarisation in the wild
The goal of this paper is speaker diarisation of videos collected 'in the
wild'. We make three key contributions. First, we propose an automatic
audio-visual diarisation method for YouTube videos. Our method consists of
active speaker detection using audio-visual methods and speaker verification
using self-enrolled speaker models. Second, we integrate our method into a
semi-automatic dataset creation pipeline which significantly reduces the number
of hours required to annotate videos with diarisation labels. Finally, we use
this pipeline to create a large-scale diarisation dataset called VoxConverse,
collected from 'in the wild' videos, which we will release publicly to the
research community. Our dataset consists of overlapping speech, a large and
diverse speaker pool, and challenging background conditions.Comment: The dataset will be available for download from
http://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~vgg/data/voxceleb/voxconverse.html . The
development set will be released in July 2020, and the test set will be
released in October 202
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Association between district-level perceived safety and self-rated health: A multilevel study in Seoul, South Korea
Objectives Several studies have reported the relationship between residentsâ perceived neighbourhood safety and their health outcomes. However, those studies suffered from unreliability of neighbourhood safety measure and potential residual confounding related to crime rates. In this study, using multilevel analysis to account for the hierarchical structure of the data, we examined associations between district-level perceived safety and self-rated health after adjusting for potential confounders including the district-level crime rate. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting We used the first wave of Seoul Welfare Panel Study, which has 7761 individuals from 3665 households in 25 administrative districts in Seoul, South Korea. District-level perceived safety was obtained by aggregating responses from the residents that are representative samples for each administrative district in Seoul. To examine an association between district-level safety and residentsâ self-rated health, we used mixed effect logistic regression. Results Our results showed that higher district-level perceived safety, an aggregated measure of district residentsâ responses towards neighbourhood safety, was significantly associated with poor self-rated health after controlling for sex, age, education level, job status, marital status and household income (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.97). Furthermore, this association was still robust when we additionally adjusted for the district-level crime rate (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.95). Conclusions Our study highlights the importance of improving neighbourhood perceived safety to enhance residentsâ health
Metabolic determination of decursinol using human liver microsome
Purpose: To determine new metabolites of the main components of Angelica gigas known to give anti-inflammation and pain relief
Methods: Decursinol and blank sample were metabolized in human liver microsomes. The metabolized samples were centrifuged and deproteinated by adding 3 mL acetonitrile. The acetonitrile layer was concentrated and reconstituted in methanol. Finally, the prepared sample was injected into the LC-Q- TOF-MS.
Results: Four new metabolites of decursinol with m/z ranging from 263.0912 ~ 263.0920 were identified as hydroxylated forms of decursinol, and the hydroxylated position of each metabolite was characterized using TOF mass spectrum. Their error values of detected m/z were 0.38 ~ 2.29 ppm, which indicates high accuracy of analysis.
Conclusion: Previously unreported decursinol metabolites have been identified in this study. The findings provide athe basis for further pharmaceutical studies and functional food development using decursinol
Suppressive effects of Schizandra chinensis Baillon water extract on allergy-related cytokine generation and degranulation in IgE-antigen complex-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells
Schizandra chinensis Baillon is a traditional folk medicine plant that is used to treat and prevent several inflammatory diseases and cancer in Korea, but the underlying mechanisms involved in its anti-allergic activity are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate mechanisms of anti-allergic activity of a Schizandra chinensis Baillon water extract (SCWE) in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells and to assess whether gastric and intestinal digestion affects the anti-allergic properties of SCWE. Oxidative stress is an important consequence of the allergic inflammatory response. The antioxidant activities of SCWE increased in a concentration-dependent manner. RBL-2H3 cells were sensitized with monoclonal anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) specific IgE, treated with SCWE, and challenged with the antigen DNP-human serum albumin. SCWE inhibited ÎČ-hexosaminidase release and expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA and protein in IgE-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells. We found that digested SCWE fully maintained its antioxidant activity and anti-allergic activity against the IgE-antigen complex-induced activation of RBL-2H3 cells. SCWE may be useful for preventing allergic diseases, such as asthma. Thus, SCWE could be used as a natural functional ingredient for allergic diseases in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries
Gene-Environment Interactions Relevant to Estrogen and Risk of Breast Cancer: Can Gene-Environment Interactions Be Detected Only among Candidate SNPs from Genome-Wide Association Studies?
In this study we aim to examine geneâenvironment interactions (GxEs) between genes involved with estrogen metabolism and environmental factors related to estrogen exposure. GxE analyses were conducted with 1970 Korean breast cancer cases and 2052 controls in the case-control study, the Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS). A total of 11,555 SNPs from the 137 candidate genes were included in the GxE analyses with eight established environmental factors. A replication test was conducted by using an independent population from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), with 62,485 Europeans and 9047 Asians. The GxE tests were performed by using two-step methods in GxEScan software. Two interactions were found in the SEBCS. The first interaction was shown between rs13035764 of NCOA1 and age at menarche in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.2 Ă 10â3). The age at menarche before 14 years old was associated with the high risk of breast cancer, and the risk was higher when subjects had homozygous minor allele G. The second GxE was shown between rs851998 near ESR1 and height in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.1 Ă 10â4). Height taller than 160 cm was associated with a high risk of breast cancer, and the risk increased when the minor allele was added. The findings were not replicated in the BCAC. These results would suggest specificity in Koreans for breast cancer risk
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