The Application of Role Theory to the Sexual Harassment Paradigm: A Policy Capturing Approach

This research utilized policy capturing techniques to analyze the different factors individuals use when determining sexual harassment. The importance of level of power, verbal behavior, and invasiveness of touch were examined. Additionally, role theory was applied to the sexual harassment paradigm in order to understand how context factors within an organization affect the perception of sexual harassment. Profile analysis was used to determine how the perception of what constitutes harassing behavior is mitigated by one\u27s role in the organization. Participants were one hundred and five males and one hundred and fifteen females who were either currently employed or employed within the last six months. Participants were asked to complete take-home packets that contained a series of questionnaires that were designed to measure the perception of and response to sexual harassment. Thirty-two sexual harassment scenarios that were a full manipulation of three levels of power, verbal behavior, and touch were also included in the packet. Participants were asked to read each scenario and indicate how appropriate they felt the described behavior was in the workplace, how likely they were to respond to the situation, and to choose the response type that best described how they would react to the situation. In order to establish the level of realism of these scenarios, participants were asked to indicate how easy it was for them to imagine the situation and to assess how likely the behavior was to occur in the workplace. Additionally, in order to assess the context within which the participants worked, a series of questionnaires that contained measures of organizational factors, attributes of the person, and interpersonal factors were included. The findings revealed that the perception of and response to sexual harassment were affected by the level of invasiveness of touch, the level of verbal behavior, and the relative power of the perpetrator. Different organizational factors, personal attributes, and interpersonal factors were found to affect the perception of sexually harassing role expectations and anticipated role behaviors. Role perceptions and behaviors were influenced by the gender-ratio of one\u27s occupation; the organization\u27s policies and culture regarding its tolerance for sexual harassment; the rater\u27s gender, age, race, and relationship status; one\u27s tolerance for sexual harassment; and one\u27s previous experience with certain types of interpersonal harassment. Although all a priori hypotheses regarding the context factors were not confirmed, it is still believed that role theory provides a viable model for understanding the perception of sexual harassment

Atomically resolved structure of InAs quantum dots

InAs was grown by molecular-beam epitaxy onto GaAs(001) until quantum dots (QDs) formed. At this point, the growth was interrupted and the uncovered QDs were investigated in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Atomically resolved STILI images of the QDs revealed that four dominating bounding facets occur, whose Miller indices were identified to be {137}. The assignment of the facet orientation was based on experiments on planar high Miller index GaAs surfaces. In addition, the latter experiments indicated that (137) facets are thermodynamically stable only up to a certain size. This conclusion is assumed to explain the sharp size distribution of InAs QDs

From Lagrangian to Quantum Mechanics with Symmetries

We present an old and regretfully forgotten method by Jacobi which allows one to find many Lagrangians of simple classical models and also of nonconservative systems. We underline that the knowledge of Lie symmetries generates Jacobi last multipliers and each of the latter yields a Lagrangian. Then it is shown that Noether's theorem can identify among those Lagrangians the physical Lagrangian(s) that will successfully lead to quantization. The preservation of the Noether symmetries as Lie symmetries of the corresponding Schr\"odinger equation is the key that takes classical mechanics into quantum mechanics. Some examples are presented.Comment: To appear in: Proceedings of Symmetries in Science XV, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, (2012

Experimental evidence for a stable GaAs surface near (113)

GaAs surfaces vicinal to (113) with a continuous range of misorientation angles up to 11.5° in all azimuthal directions were created by grinding a spherical depression into (113) oriented samples. Thin homoepitaxial layers were grown onto these samples by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and the surfaces were in situ studied by low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The surface quality in the depression was verified by reproducing LEED patterns of the (113) and (114) surfaces. A stable GaAs surface was found that is oriented from (113) by 9°±2° towards [11̅0̅]. STM and LEED images of this surface are presented

Step structure on GaAs(113)A studied by scanning tunneling microscopy

The GaAs(113)A surface was prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy and in situ characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The occurrence of an (8×1) reconstruction as proposed by Wassermeier et al. [Phys. Rev. B 51, 14 721 (1995)] was confirmed. Overview STM images reveal a striking anisotropy in the step structure of this surface. While steps along [332¯] (the 1× direction of the reconstruction) are straight for up to 2000 Å, steps along [11¯0] are extremely rough. In this direction, kinks occur typically after less than 100 Å. The ratio of the respective lateral step densities is 8±4. This anisotropy is explained by applying the electron counting rule (ECR) to one-dimensional islands. While islands along [332¯] fulfil the ECR, it is violated by islands along [11¯0]. Thus, if structures formed additionally perpendicular to step edges along [332¯], they would be energetically unfavorable. Hence, growth occurs mainly by propagation along [332¯]. It is suggested that the determining structural element of GaAs(113)A−(8×1) is the zigzag chain of As dimers

A Reflection Opposing The Massification Of Agricultural Production

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The Attrition of Rights Under Parole

We conduct a detailed doctrinal and empirical study of the adverse effects of parole on the constitutional rights of both individual parolees and the communities in which they live. We show that parolees’ Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights have been eroded by a multitude of punitive conditions endorsed by the courts. Punitive parole conditions actually increase parolees’ vulnerability to criminal elements, and thus likely worsen recidivism. Simultaneously, the parole system mitigates the rights of non-parolees: family, co-tenants, and communities more broadly. We show that police target parolee-dense neighborhoods for additional Terry stops, even when income, race, population and single-family status are accounted for. Furthermore, police take advantage of the permissive parole search jurisprudence, conducting more searches and arrests of both parolees and their non-parolee neighbors. Combined, this analysis shows that parole institutionalizes individuals and marginalizes communities