Global mapping of iron and titanium oxides in the lunar megaregolith and subsurface

[Abstract]: This paper reports mapping results obtained by remote sensing analysis of Iron and Titanium oxides in the megaregolith under the lunar Highlands regolith and in the subsurface under the Mare and South Pole Aitken basin regolith. FeO and TiO2 images were mosaicked from data extracted from the 1994 Clementine lunar orbiter mission from 600 N to 600 S, using the Lucey et al. technique (2000). These images then used to study the ejecta blanket for each of 2059 craters analysed using ISIS software (US Geological Survey). Average weight percentage values for each crater ejecta blanket were interpolated to derive underlying global Province Maps for FeO and TiO2. The Moon was divided into five (5) provinces as a balance of the needs of analysis requirements and simplicity. Division of global TiO2 weight percentages in the megaregolith /subsurface five provinces was matching the observed distribution of that at the surface. In contrast, division of lunar FeO into 5 Provinces reveals unexpectedly elevated iron concentrations (3.8 to 6.4%) in some areas of the Highland megaregolith. This Province of elevated iron oxide is termed “Highland II”

Environmental Impact Assessment: A Terrestrial Biologist's Point of View

Author Institution: Environmental Studies Center, Bowling Green State Universit

Frontmatter & Opening Remarks, 3rd Bird Control Seminar

Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, September 13-15, 1966. Sponsored by the Department of Biology, Bowling Green State University, with the assistance of Division of Wildlife Services, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Pest Control Association, Elizabeth, New Jersey. Dr. William B. Jackson, Conference Chairman; David E. Schneider, Conference Assistant; David E. Schneider and William B. Jackson, Editors

Concluding Remarks: Fourth Bird Control Seminar

I had three basic ideas. One: that we were talking about bird management, not bird control. This is a recurrent theme through all four of our conferences I think. We\u27re saying secondly that spot control, taking care of this problem at this place with this specific technique, is important and we need more tools; but we need to look at the larger aspect of the environment, the population, and its relationship—an ecological approach. Thirdly, communication, whether it be with the general public or specific interest groups or among this group of professionals involved in bird management, is important; and we need to find new avenues and new vehicles. This seems to me to be the essence of some of the things we have been asking for the last three days. This brings us to the end. The conference would not have been possible had it not been for a great many people. A number of long, hard-working graduate students here at Bowling Green have suffered and have taken time (while I\u27ve been trotting around the world) to handle details. They have functioned here at the conference working in the background. Dave Schneider will have much of the burden of editing the Proceedings and getting it into print. In addition I should cite the cooperation of Phil Spear, the NPCA, Fish and Wildlife Service personnel, the assistance of our conference bureau here at the University, and most of all the cooperation of yourselves. You\u27ve been a most attentive audience. I must say that this is the first conference that I\u27ve been to in a long time where nobody went to sleep. This is unusual, and I think it indicates something in terms of both the speakers and your concern for the subject

New Developments in Rodenticides

Rodenticides have become the standard for rodent control, and Anti-coagulants have been the quid pro quo. For three decades warfarin(and other dicoumarols) and then the indandiones have been the control element for commensal rodents. However, excessive and indiscriminant uses have selected for resistant populations of Norway rats, roof rats, and house mice in many parts of the U.S. (Jackson and Ashton, 1979). Though resistance is often referenced to warfarin, it is a cross-resistance to all of the currently available, first-generation anticoagulants

4th Bird Control Seminar -- INTRODUCTORY COMMENTS

My travels the last few years have permitted me to see some aspects of bird management practices in both Asia and Europe. I must confess that had I not seen the Tori gates of Japan or the cathedral spires in Europe, I might well have thought I was in Ohio. Scarecrows were often seen. Fields were adorned with glittering strips of metal or blowing streamers of paper. In Scotland, red balloons flew over a turnip field. The sound of acetylene exploders sometimes fractured the tranquil countryside. While I saw many essentially useless devices for keeping birds out of man\u27s agricultural acreages, I did learn of some encouraging accomplishments. Both attitudes and laws relative to bird control are different in many countries of northern Europe; and the American pest control operator, though he grumbles about the Audubon society and bird lovers, may not recognize his good fortune. Many Europeans were clearly concerned about the hazards of a variety of bird species to aviation. Especially with the new, smaller jets (with only two engines low on the body) and the continued use of airport areas by large numbers of gulls and shore birds and the intersecting flight patterns of migratory flocks, the danger is real. Distress or alarm calls have been used with some success. An international committee now is involved in the problem. Where do we stand in the U.S. in terms of bird management in 1968? How far have we come since our last conference? Some of the same faces are present again; some new organizations are represented. Are we any further along the road to effective bird management? In one respect we have seen liberalization of attitudes, such that the Fish and Wildlife Service has officially indicated that killing of large numbers of black-birds may be necessary to provide relief to corn and rice growers. On the other hand, federal registration regulations and concern for pesticide surveillance have grown to the extent that several chemicals about to be ushered into the commer-cial arena two years ago are still hiding in the wings under limited or experimental registrations. One very real concern is the new role that the federal government may be forcing itself into—that of field testing, evaluating, and marketing candi-date toxicants and repellents. Bird control programs are expanding. California continues excellent research programs with starlings. (Contact Dr. Robert Schwab, University of California, Davis, for abstracts and bibliography.) Virginia has recently started an intensive and extensive program, including publishing of excellent information leaflets. (Write Mr. Glen Dudderar, VP1, Blacksburg.) The FWS has recently established a blackbird research station in Ohio at Sandusky. And we shall hear more of these and other programs during the next two days. But now, let the conference speak for itself on the current status of the art and science of bird management

Garden of Eden: Software Packages for the Generation and Rendering of Visually Realistic Trees and Forests

Garden of Eden is an exercise in procedural generation of lifelike worlds. It randomly generates a forest scene of realistically shaped and proportioned asymmetric trees on top of a simple topographical map. This map is then rendered in an HTML5 3D canvas, with support for user navigation. The end result of this project is a sort of game, though without any goal, narrative, or creative purpose. It is simply a static rendering of a natural environment, open for exploration, closed to manipulation, exploring how users find visual pleasure and meaning in virtual environments. The passive interaction of the user is integral to this simulation, as it reflects how one would observe a natural environment; by forcing the user into the same perspective from which they view actual forest environments, Garden of Eden explores the concept of natural, the distinction between real and virtual, and the user\u27s sense of place. All software packages are offered open source, with detailed documentation, for users wishing to create their own arboreal experience

Brief Note: The Effect of Alpha-Chlorohydrin on the Fertility of Male Rats

Author Institution: Center for Environmental Research and Services, Bowling Green Universit

SBA guaranteed lending and local economic growth

Increasingly, policymakers look to the small business sector as a potential engine of economic growth. Policies to promote small businesses include tax relief, direct subsidies, and indirect subsidies through government lending programs. Encouraging lending to small business is the primary policy objective of the Small Business Administration's (SBA) loan-guarantee program. Using a panel data set of SBA guaranteed loans, we assess whether SBA guaranteed lending has an observable impact on local economic performance. We find a positive and significant (although economically small) relationship between the relative levels of SBA guaranteed lending in a local market and the future per capita income growth in that market.