Electronic properties of Fabre charge-transfer salts under various temperature and pressure conditions

Using density functional theory, we determine parameters of tight-binding Hamiltonians for a variety of Fabre charge transfer salts, focusing in particular on the effects of temperature and pressure. Besides relying on previously published crystal structures, we experimentally determine two new sets of structures; (TMTTF)$_2$SbF$_6$ at different temperatures and (TMTTF)$_2$PF$_6$ at various pressures. We find that a few trends in the electronic behavior can be connected to the complex phase diagram shown by these materials. Decreasing temperature and increasing pressure cause the systems to become more two-dimensional. We analyze the importance of correlations by considering an extended Hubbard model parameterized using Wannier orbital overlaps and show that while charge order is strongly activated by the inter-site Coulomb interaction, the magnetic order is only weakly enhanced. Both orders are suppressed when the effective pressure is increased.Comment: 12 pages, 16 figure

Interplay of nematic and magnetic orders in FeSe under pressure

We offer an explanation for the recently observed pressure-induced magnetic state in the iron-chalcogenide FeSe based on \textit{ab initio} estimates for the pressure evolution of the most important Coulomb interaction parameters. We find that an increase of pressure leads to an overall decrease mostly in the nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion, which in turn leads to a reduction of the nematic order and the generation of magnetic stripe order. We treat the concomitant effects of band renormalization and the induced interplay of nematic and magnetic order in a self-consistent way and determine the generic topology of the temperature-pressure phase diagram, and find qualitative agreement with the experimentally determined phase diagram.Comment: 13 pages, 6 fig

The 'Adat' institutionand the Management of Grand Forest 'Herman Yohannes' in Indonesian Timor: The Role of Design Principles for Sustainable Management of Common Pool Resources

__Abstract__ Local success stories of sustainable forest management can inspire scientists and decision-makers. This article analyses the traditional ‘Adat’ institution that plays a role in the management of Grand Forest Park ‘Herman Yohannes’, in the Western part of Timor where the Adat forest management regulation has been formally restored. The original set of design principles for sustainable management of common pool resources of Elinor Ostrom (1990) has been used in this study as an analytical framework for understanding the role of the Adat institution in respect to the forest. In the park, the local community applies Adat for protection and management of the forest that has been its home for centuries. It appears that Ostrom’s design principles can be identified in the current Adat institution and play a role in the sustainable management of the forest. Although many other variables can lead to success or failure of institutions, the original (internal) design principles are still valuable as a practical tool for building institutions that are – under certain conditions – able to sustain common pool resources. The findings confirm the importance of traditional institutions in successful forest management. The study recommends that decision-makers take into account existing traditional management systems that have shown long term functionality

Development of a High Definition Haptic Rendering for Stability and Fidelity

In this study, we developed and evaluated a 10kHz high definition haptic rendering system which could display at real-time video-rate (60Hz) for general VR applications. Our proposal required both fidelity and stability in a multi-rate system, with a frequency ratio of approximately 160 times. To satisfy these two criteria, there were some problems to be resolved. To achieve only stability, we could use a virtual coupling method to link a haptic display and a virtual object. However, due to its low coupling impedance, this method is not good for realization of fidelity and quality of manipulation. Therefore, we developed a multi-rate system with two level up-samplings for both fidelity and stability of haptic sensation. The first level up-sampling achieved stability by the virtual coupling, and the second level achieved fidelity by 10kHz haptic rendering to compensate for the haptic quality lost from the coupling process. We confirmed that, with our proposed system, we could achieve both stability and fidelity of haptic rendering through a computer simulation and a 6DOF haptic interface (SPIDAR-G) with a rigid object simulation engine

Values Connecting Societies and Water Systems

__Introduction__ Water systems such as rivers and lakes have many important values for ecosystems and human societies. Both economical, social-ecological, cultural and political values are met by the water systems, connecting different activities in human society and ecosystems. Water systems with low water quality serve different values than healthy water systems and have huge impact on the society. For example, for drinking water, biodiversity or recreational open space, a healthy water system is crucial. The values of the water systems are interlinked. The interlinking and overlapping values of the water systems at the spatial and temporal scales have determined a connective capacity in the water governance, be it the coordination between the values or the competition between the values and its linked governance approach. The challenge is values of water systems change with the change in the societal development and consequently influence the water governance approach. A reverse process is also evident. Unfortunately, today water systems in many cities have slowly reduced in their total value for society. The revival of the water systems such as river and lakes is thus seem to be urgent in order to enhance the values generated by these systems for the society

Sustainability of water resource systems in India: role of value in urban lake governance in Ahmedabad

Abstract. One of the ongoing discussions in water resource governance in India is on the revival of the river and lake systems. The new water-system as infrastructures are proving to be the connectors in the current societal (urban) development as they did in the times of traditional water management and old settlement pattern. Rivers and lakes have different social, ecological and economical demands made on them at different periods of societal development and that made them vulnerable to change. One of the core challenges documented in the governance of rivers and lakes in India is addressing the rapid changes in these value systems. Effectively addressing the change (or priority) in the values of water systems and urban systems linked to the governance can be a major step towards sustainability of these systems. There is still limited understanding of how the values of water resource systems are progressively linked to changing urban systems and how upward and downward causation linkages occur within the systems as well as across diverse sectors and scales of governance. The PhD research on ‘Sustainability of urban lake systems in India’ is an attempt to look at the interactions and outcomes of the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban systems and lake systems especially the values that sustain the institutional and ecological memory. The paper highlights the relationship and the role of values between urban lakes systems (ecological systems) and governance (social systems) and identifies that sustainability of both the systems is the key towards sustainable cities. The multitier framework for analyzing the social-ecological systems is used as the foundation to elaborate the link of the values with urban lake systems and governance in the context of Ahmedabad city. Then Vastrapur lake development in Ahmedabad is studied to elaborate the role of value

The design-by-adaptation approach to universal access: learning from videogame technology

This paper proposes an alternative approach to the design of universally accessible interfaces to that provided by formal design frameworks applied ab initio to the development of new software. This approach, design-byadaptation, involves the transfer of interface technology and/or design principles from one application domain to another, in situations where the recipient domain is similar to the host domain in terms of modelled systems, tasks and users. Using the example of interaction in 3D virtual environments, the paper explores how principles underlying the design of videogame interfaces may be applied to a broad family of visualization and analysis software which handles geographical data (virtual geographic environments, or VGEs). One of the motivations behind the current study is that VGE technology lags some way behind videogame technology in the modelling of 3D environments, and has a less-developed track record in providing the variety of interaction methods needed to undertake varied tasks in 3D virtual worlds by users with varied levels of experience. The current analysis extracted a set of interaction principles from videogames which were used to devise a set of 3D task interfaces that have been implemented in a prototype VGE for formal evaluation

In-plane superfluid density and microwave conductivity of the organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br: evidence for d-wave pairing and resilient quasiparticles

We report the in-plane microwave surface impedance of a high-quality single crystal of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br. In the superconducting state, we find three independent signatures of d-wave pairing: (i) a strong, linear temperature dependence of superfluid density; (ii) deep in the superconducting state the quasiparticle scattering rate Gamma similar to T-3; and (iii) no BCS coherence peak is observed in the quasiparticle conductivity. Above T-c, the Kadowaki-Woods ratio and the temperature dependence of the in-plane conductivity show that the normal state is a Fermi liquid below similar or equal to 23 K, yet resilient quasiparticles dominate the transport up to similar or equal to 50 K