Muutoksenhallintaprosessin tehostaminen : muutosten jäljitettävyyden parantaminen

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli AGCO Power Oy:n muutoksenhallintaprosessin tehostaminen, painottuen erityisesti jälkimarkkinointiin ja jäljitettävyyden parantamiseen. Toiminnan kehittäminen on elinehto jokaiselle yritykselle, jossa muutoksenhallinnan toimivuudella on erittäin merkittävä rooli. Toimivalla muutoksenhallinnalla on myös mahdollista säästää huomattavia summia kustannuksissa. Työssä esiteltiin ensin kaksi muutoksenhallinnan teoriamallia: Kurt Lewinin jään sulamisen malli ja John P. Kotterin kahdeksan vaiheen prosessi. Seuraavaksi kuvattiin koko muutoksenhallintaprosessi, siinä ilmenneet suurimmat ongelmat ja lopuksi siihen tehdyt viimeisimmät uudistukset. Tämän vaiheen jälkeen käsiteltiin jäljitettävyyden ongelmia ja mahdollisia ratkaisuja. Ongelmien havainnollistamiseksi ja pohdintojen tueksi esiteltiin myös case -esimerkki toteutetusta muutoksesta. Ilmenneitä ongelmia ja mahdollisia ratkaisuja analysoitiin käyttäen apuna teoriaosuu-dessa esiteltyjä Kurt Lewinin muutosmallia ja John P. Kotterin kahdeksan vaiheen prosessia. Tulokset ja johtopäätökset esiteltiin pohdintaosuudessa. Opinnäytetyön valmistumisen jälkeen muutoksenhallintaprosessia on tarkoitus tehostaa.Development is essentially the most important thing to every successful company, and good change management is a major part of it. With functioning change management it is also possible to achieve significant decreases in expenses. In this thesis, Kurt Lewin's and John P. Kotter's change management theories are first introduced. After that the whole change management process at AGCO Power Oy is described. Then the problems in traceability of motors and the possible solutions are discussed. A case example was also used to clarify the problems. Problems that occurred and possible solutions were analyzed by using the change management theories from Kurt Lewin and John P. Kotter. Results and conclusions are pre-sented in the last chapter of the thesis. After finalizing the thesis change management process and traceability of the motors at AGCO Power Oy are intended to be improved

Parkinsonin taudin ei-motoristen oireiden hoito

Parkinsonin tauti mielletään usein puhtaasti motoriseksi liikehäiriösairaudeksi, jonka oireita ovat liikkeiden hitaus, lihasjäykkyys, lepovapina ja tasapainovaikeudet. Parkinsonin tauti on kuitenkin laajempi keskus- ja ääreishermoston sairaus, joka aiheuttaa merkittäviä ei-motorisia oireita. Näihin kuuluvat muun muassa hajuaistin heikkeneminen, autonomisen hermoston toimintahäiriöt, muistihäiriöt, psykiatriset oireet ja uniongelmat. Ei-motorisia oireita esiintyy usein jo ennen motoristen oireiden puhkeamista, ja ne lisääntyvät taudin edetessä. Osa oireista liittyy aivojen dopamiinivajeeseen, osa aiheutuu lääkityksen haittavaikutuksena ja osa liittyy muiden hermovälittäjäainejärjestelmien häiriöihin. Ei-motoristen oireiden vaikutus potilaan elämänlaatuun on jopa voimakkaampi kuin motoristen oireiden, mutta niitä voidaan lievittää merkittävästi lääkehoidoilla.</p

Burden of non-motor symptoms in unclear parkinsonism and tremor : A study with [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT

Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMSs) are clearly more prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to healthy individuals. However, NMSs are also common in the elderly and other neurological conditions, and thus, it is not known whether NMSs could be used to differentiate PD from parkinsonism/tremor without dopamine deficiency. Methods: We prospectively evaluated NMSs immediately before brain dopamine transporter (DAT) [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT scanning in 193 patients with unclear parkinsonism/tremor. According to the clinical follow-up and imaging results, 84 patients had PD. NMSs and their correlations with striatal DAT binding were investigated in PD patients and in parkinsonism/tremor patients with normal dopamine function. Results: Total NMS burden, anxiety or depression did not differ between PD patients and patients with normal DAT binding. DAT-normal patients reported more perception-related (p = 0.045) and attention/memory-related NMSs than PD patients (p <0.001). Total NMS score did not correlate with striatal DAT binding in either group. Conclusions: In clinically uncertain cases, the total NMS burden cannot be used as a tool in distinguishing PD patients from patients with non-dopaminergic parkinsonism/tremor. Clinical screening of NMSs appears equally important in all patients with parkinsonism.Peer reviewe

Kinetic and NMR spectroscopic study of the Chemical Stability and Reaction Pathways of Sugar Nucleotides

The alkaline cleavage of two types of sugar nucleotides has been studied by 1H and 31P NMR in order to obtain information on the stability and decomposition pathways in in aqueous solutions under alkaline conditions. The reaction of glucose 1-UDP is straightforward, and products are easy to identify. The results obtained with ribose 5-UDP and ribose 5-phosphate reveal, in contrast, a more complex reaction system than expected, and the identification of individual intermediate species was not possible. Even though definite proof for the mechanisms previously proposed could not be obtained, all the spectroscopic evidence is consistent with them. Results also emphasise the significant effect of conditions, pH, ionic strength and temperature, on the reactivity under chemical conditions.</p

Individual parkinsonian motor signs and striatal dopamine transporter deficiency: a study with [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT

IntroductionTotal parkinsonian motor symptom severity correlates with presynaptic striatal dopamine function in patients with Parkinson's disease. There is a lack of studies that have investigated the associations between parkinsonian motor signs and striatal dopaminergic deficiency in patients with parkinsonism of an unknown origin. Identification of specific motor signs associated with the highest likelihood of striatal dopamine deficiency could aid the differential diagnostics of parkinsonian and tremor syndromes.MethodsIn this cross-sectional clinical and imaging study, detailed motor examinations were performed for 221 patients with parkinsonism or tremor of an unknown origin immediately before dopamine transporter (DAT) [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT imaging. Region-of-interest and voxel-based methods were used to investigate striatal DAT deficiency in relation to individual motor signs.ResultsUpper extremity rigidity and facial expression were the only motor signs that differentiated patients with normal and abnormal striatal DAT function. The presence of any upper extremity rigidity showed the highest likelihood of DAT deficiency (OR 4.79, 95% CI 1.56-14.75, P=0.006) followed by reduced facial expression (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.14-4.00, P=0.018). In patients with DAT deficits, reduced facial expression was associated with DAT deficiency specifically in the caudate nucleus, and increased upper extremity rigidity was associated with DAT loss in the dorsal putamen (FWE-corrected PPeer reviewe

Sex vägar till hållbarhet: utgångspunkter för främjande av en systematisk omställning till hållbarhet i Finland

Den globala rapporten om hållbar utveckling visar att vi gör framsteg i fråga om de globala målen för hållbar utveckling enligt Agenda 2030, men att det går alldeles för långsamt. Ojämlikheten ökar, klimatförändringarna förvärras, den biologiska mångfalden minskar och avfallsmängderna fortsätter att öka. Bakom dessa fenomen finns många faktorer som påverkar varandra. Men det går att vända riktningen, förutsatt att de ömsesidiga beroendeförhållandena identifieras och en övergripande förändring i en hållbar riktning åstadkoms.202

Six paths towards sustainability: a toolkit to promote a systemic transformation towards sustainable development in Finland

The Global Sustainable Development Report shows that we are heading towards the sustainable development goals of Agenda 2030, but much too slowly. Inequality is increasing, climate change is advancing, biodiversity is decreasing, and waste volumes are growing. These phenomena are affected by several interconnected factors. However, we can change course if we identify the interlinkages between the aforementioned problems and steer our societies comprehensively in a more sustainable direction.202

Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Dopamine Transporter Asymmetry in Early Parkinson's Disease

Background The neurophysiological correlates of gastrointestinal symptoms (GISs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are not well understood. It has been proposed that in patients with a gastrointestinal origin of PD dopaminergic neurodegeneration would be more symmetric. Objectives The aim is to assess the associations between GISs and asymmetry of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in PD. Methods Ninety PD patients were assessed using motor and GIS scales and I-123-FP-CIT SPECT. We calculated the asymmetry index and the predominant side of motor symptoms and dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging defect and assessed their association with GISs. Results There were no significant differences in GISs between symmetric and asymmetric dopaminergic defect. Left predominant defect was related to more GIS and higher constipation scores. Conclusions GISs were associated with left predominant reduction in putaminal DAT binding but not asymmetry per se. It remains open whether left-sided DAT deficit is related to more pronounced GI involvement or symptom perception in PD. (c) 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.Peer reviewe

Burden of non-motor symptoms in unclear parkinsonism and tremor: A study with [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT

Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMSs) are clearly more prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to healthy individuals. However, NMSs are also common in the elderly and other neurological conditions, and thus, it is not known whether NMSs could be used to differentiate PD from parkinsonism/tremor without dopamine deficiency.Methods: We prospectively evaluated NMSs immediately before brain dopamine transporter (DAT) [I-123]FP-CIT SPECT scanning in 193 patients with unclear parkinsonism/tremor. According to the clinical follow-up and imaging results, 84 patients had PD. NMSs and their correlations with striatal DAT binding were investigated in PD patients and in parkinsonism/tremor patients with normal dopamine function.Results: Total NMS burden, anxiety or depression did not differ between PD patients and patients with normal DAT binding. DAT-normal patients reported more perception-related (p = 0.045) and attention/memory-related NMSs than PD patients (p < 0.001). Total NMS score did not correlate with striatal DAT binding in either group.Conclusions: In clinically uncertain cases, the total NMS burden cannot be used as a tool in distinguishing PD patients from patients with non-dopaminergic parkinsonism/tremor. Clinical screening of NMSs appears equally important in all patients with parkinsonism