JAÉN. Planos de Población. 1900-1920. 1:4000

Indica orientación con flecha.Incluye índice de vías y edificios públicos

Cultural values in the study of the society’s entrepreneurial potential

This paper attempts to measure the importance of a region’s cultural values in determining the entrepreneurial intention of each of its members separately. Schwartz’s (2004) approach will be followed in measuring cultural values, together with Ajzen’s (1991) theory of planned behaviour with regard to entrepreneurial intentions. The empirical study has been conducted on a sample of 2974 university graduates as part of VIE project. Results show that the region’s culture indirectly influences the entrepreneurial intention of its member. People in some regions do feel a more positive attitude, subjective norm or perceived behavioural control due to its cultural characteristics.Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresas P08-SEJ-0354

P2P proteomics -- data sharing for enhanced protein identification

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.Background: In order to tackle the important and challenging problem in proteomics of identifying known and new protein sequences using high-throughput methods, we propose a data-sharing platform that uses fully distributed P2P technologies to share specifications of peer-interaction protocols and service components. By using such a platform, information to be searched is no longer centralised in a few repositories but gathered from experiments in peer proteomics laboratories, which can subsequently be searched by fellow researchers. Methods: The system distributively runs a data-sharing protocol specified in the Lightweight Communication Calculus underlying the system through which researchers interact via message passing. For this, researchers interact with the system through particular components that link to database querying systems based on BLAST and/or OMSSA and GUI-based visualisation environments. We have tested the proposed platform with data drawn from preexisting MS/MS data reservoirs from the 2006 ABRF (Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities) test sample, which was extensively tested during the ABRF Proteomics Standards Research Group 2006 worldwide survey. In particular we have taken the data available from a subset of proteomics laboratories of Spain's National Institute for Proteomics, ProteoRed, a network for the coordination, integration and development of the Spanish proteomics facilities. Results and Discussion: We performed queries against nine databases including seven ProteoRed proteomics laboratories, the NCBI Swiss-Prot database and the local database of the CSIC/UAB Proteomics Laboratory. A detailed analysis of the results indicated the presence of a protein that was supported by other NCBI matches and highly scored matches in several proteomics labs. The analysis clearly indicated that the protein was a relatively high concentrated contaminant that could be present in the ABRF sample. This fact is evident from the information that could be derived from the proposed P2P proteomics system, however it is not straightforward to arrive to the same conclusion by conventional means as it is difficult to discard organic contamination of samples. The actual presence of this contaminant was only stated after the ABRF study of all the identifications reported by the laboratories.This research has been supported by the OpenKnowledge STREP (FP6-027253) funded by the European Commission; by grants BIO2009-11735, CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 Agreement Technologies (CSD2007-0022) and CBIT (TIN2010-16306) funded by Spain's Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (2009-SGR-1434).Peer Reviewe

Inflammatory capacity of exosomes released in the early stages of acute pancreatitis predicts the severity of the disease

As acute pancreatitis progresses to the severe form, a life-threatening systemic inflammation is triggered. Although the mechanisms involved in this process are not yet well understood, it has been proposed that circulating exosomes may be involved in the progression of inflammation from the pancreas to distant organs. Here, the inflammatory capacity and protein profile of plasma exosomes obtained during the first 24 h of hospitalization of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were characterized and compared with the final severity of the disease. We found that the final severity of the disease strongly correlates with the inflammatory capacity of exosomes in the early stages of acute pancreatitis. Exosomes isolated from patients with mild pancreatitis had no effect on macrophages, while exosomes isolated from patients with severe pancreatitis triggered NFκB activation, TNFα and IL1β expression, and free radical generation. To delve deeper into the mechanism involved, we performed a proteomic analysis of the different exosomes that allowed us to identify different groups of proteins whose concentration was also correlated with the clinical classification of pancreatitis. In particular, an increase in the amount of S100A8 and S100A9 carried by exosomes of severe pancreatitis suggests that the mechanism of action of exosomes is mediated by the effect of these proteins on NADPH oxidase. This enzyme is activated by S100A8/S100A9, thus generating free radicals and promoting an inflammatory response. Along these lines, we observed that inhibition of this enzyme abolished all the pro-inflammatory effects of exosomes from severe pancreatitis. All this suggests that the systemic effects, and therefore the final severity of acute pancreatitis, are determined by the content of circulating exosomes generated in the early hours of the process. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.This work was supported by the projects PI16/00060 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 2019AEP057 CVSCI, and a grant ‘Gonzalo Miño’ from the Asociación Española de Gastroenterología. The Biologial and Environmental Proteomics group is a member of Proteored-PRB3 and is supported by Grant PT17/0019/0008 of the PE I+D+I 2013–2016, funded by ISCIII and FEDER

Peritumoral immune infiltrates in primary tumours are not associated with the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Background. The axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in breast cancer patients are the body regions to where tumoral cells most often first disseminate. The tumour immune response is important for breast cancer patient outcome, and some studies have evaluated its involvement in ALN metastasis development. Most studies have focused on the intratumoral immune response, but very few have evaluated the peritumoral immune response. The aim of the present article is to evaluate the immune infiltrates of the peritumoral area and their association with the presence of ALN metastases. Methods. The concentration of 11 immune markers in the peritumoral areas was studied in 149 patients diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (half of whom had ALN metastasis at diagnosis) using tissue microarrays, immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis procedures. The differences in the concentration of the immune response of peritumoral areas between patients diagnosed with and without metastasis in their ALNs were evaluated. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to identify the clinical-pathological variables and the peritumoral immune markers independently associated with having or not having ALN metastases at diagnosis. Results. No statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of the 11 immune markers between patients diagnosed with or without ALN metastases. Patients with metastases in their ALNs had a higher histological grade, more lymphovascular and perineural invasion and larger-diameter tumours. The multivariate analysis, after validation by bootstrap simulation, revealed that only tumour diameter (OR = 1.04; 95% CI [1.00-1.07]; p = 0.026), lymphovascular invasion (OR = 25.42; 95% CI [9.57-67.55]; p<0.001) and histological grades 2 (OR = 3.84; 95% CI [1.11-13.28]; p = 0.033) and 3 (OR = 5.18; 95% CI [1.40-19.17]; p = 0.014) were associated with the presence of ALN metastases at diagnosis. This study is one of the first to study the association of the peritumoral immune response with ALN metastasis. We did not find any association of peritumoral immune infiltrates with the presence of ALN metastasis. Nevertheless, this does not rule out the possibility that other peritumoral immune populations are associated with ALN metastasis. This matter needs to be examined in greater depth, broadening the types of peritumoral immune cells studied, and including new peritumoral areas, such as the germinal centres of the peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structures found in extensively infiltrated neoplastic lesions

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñaña

Alimentación de la boga del Guadiana (Chondrostoma polylepis wi/lkommi, Stein. 1866) en la interfase río-embalse de Sierra Boyera (Córdoba. España)Predación del búho real (Bubo bubo) sobre la perdiz roja (Alectoris rufa): selección de edad y sexoAlimentación de la nutria (Lutra lufra L, 1758)en el Nordeste de la Península IbéricaDatos sobre la distribución espacialde micromamíferos en el Parque Nacionalde DoñanaGuía para el reconocimiento microscópico de los pelos de los mamíferos de la Patagonia.Sobre la distribución geográfica de Anaecypris hispanica (STEINDACHNER, 1866) (OSTEICHTHYES, CYPRINIDAE)Cronología del periodo reproductor de Rana temporaria L. en La Coruña (NW de España).Un nuevo caso de melanismo en Natrix natrix (LINNAEUS 1758) procedente de Fuente Dé (Santander)Nuevas citas de anfibios y reptiles para el SE de la Península Ibérica.Datos sobre la dieta invernal del Búho chico (Asia atus) en la provinvia de LeónLa Distribucióndel Mara (Dolichotis patagonum) según criterios ecológicos e históricosSolapamiento entre la dieta de la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica) y la del muflón (Ovis musimon)Nota sobre dietas de carnívoros e índices de abundancia en una Reserva de caza del norte de España.Discriminación osteométrica en el géneroTalpa (LINNEO, 1758), en el norte IbéricoObservaciones sobre el comportamiento depredativo de algunos colúbridos Ibéricos en estado salvajePeer reviewe

Reseñas de libros

[EN] García Bueno, Antonio. Dibujando la Alhambra y su Entorno (por Antonio J. Gómez-Blanco Pontes) pp. 4.-- Pozo, José M.; García-Diego, Hector y García, Izaskun ( por Carlos Montes Serrano) pp. 5.-- Laura Carlevaris, Mónica Filippa (coordinadoras)(por Antonio Álvaro Tordesillas) pp. 5 y 6.-- Esteve Secall, Carlos E. La ciencia gnomónica en la España del siglo de Oro (por Joaquín Casado de Amezúa Vázquez ) pp. 6 y 7.-- Franco Taboada, José Antonio. Geometría descriptiva para la representación arquitectónica (por Lluís Villanueva Bartrina) pp. 7 y 8.--Raposo Grau, Javier Fco; Butragueño Díaz-Guerra y Paredes Maldonado, Miguel. La ciudad como espacio de relaciones dinámicas (por Margarita de Luxán García de Diego) pp. 8 y 9.-- Castellanos Gómez, Raúl. Plan Poché (por Daniel García-Escudero) pp. 9 y 10.-- Gutiérrez Mozo, María Alia; Castilla Pascual, Francisco Javier y Real Tomás, María del Carmen. 70 años de arquitectura en Albacete: 1936-2006 ( por Javier Poyatos Sebastián) pp. 10 y 11.-- García Sánchez, María Teresa. De la ciudad en vibración al ser resonante: una investigación a propósito de los conciertos de campanas de Llorenç Barber ( por Fernando Ochoa Gómez) pp. 11.-- Pernas Alonso, Inés. Escaleras de piedra en los conjuntos monásticos de la provincia de Ourense entre los siglos xVI y xVIII. Análisis gráfico (por José Antonio Franco Taboada) pp. 12 y 13.-- Rodríguez Moreno, Dª Concepción. El palacio de Pedro I en los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla: estudio y análisis (por Joaquín Casado de Amezúa) pp. 13 y 14.—Jeremías, Pablo y Gutierrez, Juan. Tiempo de arquitectura ( por Carlos L. Marcos) pp. 14 y 15.-- Domingo Gresa, Jorge. El dibujo de arquitectura en la formación de la ciudad de Alicante: Fondo Documental del Archivo Municipal (1691-1860)(por Gaspar Jaén i Urbàn)pp.15.-- García-Solera, Javier. Dibujos y palabras en la habitación tranquila (por Gaspar Jaen) pp. 16 y 17.—Anne Griswold Tyng (1920-2011)( por Noelia Galván Desvaux)pp. 18 y 19 .-- Oscar Niemeyer Un adiós al último maestro del siglo XX(por Noelia Galván Desvaux)pp. 20 y 21Gómez-Blanco Pontes, AJ.; Montes Serrano, C.; Tordesillas, AÁ.; Casado De Amezúa Vázquez, J.; Villanueva Bartrina, L.; De Luxán García De Diego, M.; García-Escudero, D.... (2013). Reseñas de libros. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 18(21):4-21. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2013.1708SWORD421182

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p &lt; 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Estudio inicial de la exposición a hidrocarburos por inhalación, en los técnicos de mecánica de un taller de reparación de motores de 2 y 4 tiempos de baja y media velocidad durante las tareas de limpieza de componentes.

Estudio inicial de la exposición a hidrocarburos por inhalación, en los técnicos de mecánica de un taller de reparación de motores de 2 y 4 tiempos de baja y media velocidad durante las tareas de limpieza de componentes. Al hablar de seguridad y salud ocupacional pensamos, casi automáticamente, en casco, chalecos y otros equipos de protección personal enfocados a la protección física de los trabajadores y dejamos de lado las sustancias químicas que pueden entrar a nuestro cuerpo y causarnos afectaciones debido por una exposición prolongada a los mismos. Las tareas de limpieza, a nivel industrial, conllevan por lo general la utilización de solventes a base de hidrocarburos los cuales son nocivos a la salud. El uso de estas sustancias se extiende cada día más a nivel industrial debido a su bajo costo comparado a productos biodisolventes los cuales son bio degradables y formulados a base de materia de origen vegetal que por consiguiente son mucho menos tóxicos y más seguros para la salud. Este estudio inicial busca determinar si los técnicos de un taller dedicado a la reparación de motores de 2 y 4 tiempos de baja y media velocidad muestran síntomas de una posible exposición a los hidrocarburos presentes en los solventes y productos de limpieza que se comercializan ampliamente en nuestro país, esto como un primer paso sentando el precedente para un segunda investigación para la cual la administración puede utilizar el presente documento como punto de partida y respaldar su decisión de intervención e inversión de fondos