AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI DARI BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN GENUS HYDROCOTYLE

Latar belakang : Tumbuhan merupakan sumber fitokimia yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif obat maupun bahan pangan fungsional berbagai aktivitas farmakologi. Genus Hydrocotyle secara tradisional digunakan untuk pengobatan seperti rematik, penyakit kulit dan keluhan hati, penyakit demam, edema dan sakit tenggorokan, luka luar, bisul, juga untuk pengobatan abses, batuk. Selain itu genus Hydrocotyle memiliki beberapa aktivitas farmakologi salah satunya antioksidan, antidiabetes, dantihipertensi, dan antimikroba, Tujuan : untuk mengetahui aktivitas farmakologi dari beberapa genus Hydrocotyle. Metode : menggunakan study literatur lebih dari 10 jurnal international dan nasional. Hasil : dari ulasan menandakan bahwa tanaman dengan genus Hydrocotyle tersebut memiliki aktivitas farmakologis yang signifikan, yaitu. agen kognitif, antikanker, antivirus, antibakteri, antijamur, antioksidan, antidiabetes, antihipertensi, imunostimulan dan hepatoprotektif. Kesimpulan : genus Hydrocotyle dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan secara tradisional dan telah dibuktikan memiliki aktivitas farmakologi

ANTIOXIDANT AND GASTRIC ULCER HEALING EFFECT OF ORTHOSIPHONSTAMINEUS (BENTH.) LEAVES EXTRACT IN ASPIRIN-INDUCED RATS

Objective: In the gastrointestinal system, gastric ulcer is one of the common serious problems in human life and gives contribution against morbidity and mortality incidence. The pathophysiology of gastric ulcer is an imbalance between aggressive factor and mucosal integrity factor. Increase of aggressive factors and decrease of mucosal integrity factors have potential against developed of gastric ulcer disease. The objective of the research was to evaluate antioxidant and gastric ulcer healing effect of Orthosiphon stamineus (Benth.) leaves extract in aspirin-induced rats.Methods: In vivo antiulcer activity of Orthosiphon leaves extract was evaluated through several parameters involves gastric acidity, number of ulcers, diameters of ulcers, ulcer index (UI), and healing ratio. Dose level of Orthosiphon leaves extract which used in this study such as 250 and500 mg/kg, respectively. Antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon leaves extract was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) method. Histopathological of the stomach was performed using hematoxylin-eosin stained.Results: The results of the study showed that groups which given Orthosiphon leaves extract have significantly different for gastric ulcer healing compared to the control group and were supported by histopathological analysis. The Orthosiphon leaves extract also showed maximum scavengingactivity at a concentration of 100 µg/ml (58.86% inhibition) and minimum at 50 μg/ml (29.60% inhibition) with inhibitory concentration 50% (IC  )50 84.54 µg/ml when compared to ascorbic acid as the standard with IC5.08 µg/ml by DPPH method.Conclusion: It can be concluded that from the experimental study of O. stamineus (Benth.) leaves extract has potential antiulcer activity in aspirin- induced rats model and antioxidant effect using DPPH method. Stomach tissues regeneration in gastric ulcer model might be affected by the improvement of antioxidant status.Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus (Benth.), Extract, Ulcer, Aspirin, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate

KUMIS KUCING (ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS [BENTH.]) LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT AS ANTI‑OBESITY AGENT IN HIGH‑FAT DIET‑INDUCED OBESE MICE

Objective: The leaves of kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus [Benth.]) are used as folk medicine for lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension,hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia countries, especially Indonesia. Obesity is closely associated with lifestyle-related disease.The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of kumis kucing leaves ethanol extract in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, and its ability toinhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme activity in vitro.Methods: Obese mice groups were fed a high-fat diet for 30 days and treated with kumis kucing leaves ethanol extract for 2 weeks. The measurementparameter includes body weight, organ weight, and visceral fat mass. Experiments were also carried out to clarify the effect of kumis kucing leavesethanol extract inhibited pancreatic lipase enzyme activity in vitro.Results: Kumis kucing-treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight, organ weight, and visceral fat mass after 2 weeks treatmentcompared with untreated groups. Furthermore, kumis kucing leaves ethanol extract showed potency as the pancreatic lipase activity inhibitor in vitro.Conclusion: Kumis kucing leaves ethanol extract can inhibit the development of obesity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. The effect appearsmediated by inhibiting the pancreatic lipase activity. The results from this study suggested that the kumis kucing leaves may have a considerableimpact as potential anti-obesity agents.Keywords: Kumis kucing, Extract, Obesity, High-fat diet

Penapisan Fitokimia, Kadar Kurkuminoid dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa (Christm) Roscoe.), Temu Putih (Curcuma zedoaria Roxb.) dan Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)

The content of secondary metabolites in the rhizome of the Curcuma genus such as Black turmeric (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.), White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe) and Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) play a role in various pharmacological activities. One of them is the content of the curcuminoid compounds which have been proved to have antibacterial activity. This study aims to screen the content of secondary metabolite compounds, determine curcuminoid content and verify the antibacterial activity of the extracts of Black turmeric (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.), White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe) and Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.). Extraction was carried out by the maceration method using 95% ethanol as solvent. Phytochemical screening was tested for the content of alkaloid, polyphenols, flavonoids, quinones, tannins, saponins, and steroids/ triterpenoids compounds. Determination of curcuminoid content by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acne bacteria. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the three extracts contained polyphenols and flavonoids. Quinone compounds are only contained in the extract of Black turmeric and Java turmeric. Saponin compounds were only detected in Black turmeric and White turmeric  extracts. Meanwhile, steroid/ triterpenoid compounds were detected in the extract of White turmeric and Java turmeric. The results of curcuminoid content determination on the three extracts showed that the Java turmeric extract had the highest content of curcuminoids (16.07 ± 0.023 mg CE/g extract). The results of the antibacterial test showed the strongest activity of the three test samples shown by Java turmeric extract with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 64 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria; 256 mg/mL against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria; and 32 mg/mL against the Propionibacterium acne bacteria. These results indicate that Java turmeric extract is more active against Propionibacterium acne bacteria

Analisis sidik jari herba pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) di daerah Jawa Barat menggunakan metode spektrofotometri FTIR dikombinasi dengan PCA

Pegagan merupakan tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan termasuk kedalam 50 jenis tanaman obat yang sering digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Kurangnya kontrol kualitas obat tradisional dapat mengakibatkan banyaknya kecurangan. Pendekatan multikomponen seperti pola sidik jari dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian kualitas bahan baku obat tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan pola sidik jari pegagan serta memastikan metode FTIR dikombinasikan dengan PCA dapat menganalisis sidik jari herba pegagan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengukuran spektrum menggunakan FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 4000-650 cm-1 dengan resolusi 4 cm-1. Pola sidik jari herba pegagan di Jawa Barat didapatkan scores plot nilai PC-1 terhadap PC-2 81% (PC-1 45% dan PC-2 36%) herba pegagan daerah Jawa Barat tidak dapat berada dalam satu kuadran yang sama, herba pegagan daerah Sumedang berada pada kuadran satu, daerah Bandung, Pangandaran dan Sukabumi berada pada kuadran dua dan Bogor berada pada kuadran tiga. Validasi analisis PCA menunjukkan score plot 73% (PC-1 44% dan PC-2 29%) dan nilai eigen value PC-1 dan PC-2 berturut-turut sebesar 3,379 dan 2,705. Metode FTIR dikombinasi PCA dapat mengklasifikasikan masing-masing variabel dari setiap tanaman dengan menentuan jumlah komponen utama yang terpilih.

Desa Mitra dalam Budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga Menuju Desa Cibiru Wetan sebagai Sentra Herbal

PARTNER VILLAGE IN FAMILY MEDICINE PLANT CULTIVATION TOWARDS CIBIRU WETAN VILLAGE AS A HERBAL CENTER. The area of ​​Cibiru Wetan Village is a farming area because besides the limited water supply, the land is hilly. With the initiative and participation of women farmer groups which had so many achievements and skills, it was necessary to explore the potential that could provide a new icon for Cibiru Wetan Village. The purpose of the activity was to socialize and practice the cultivating of the medicinal plants carried out by a group of women farmers with simple and effective technology and finally able to become a center of dried herbs production. The method used in the cultivation program for medicinal plants was divided into three stages. The first stage was to provide material counseling on family medicinal plants including the understanding of the benefits of the plant, the second stage was to provide an explanation or training in planting family medicinal plants and the last stage or third stage was to practice directly in planting these medicinal plants. The results showed a positive understanding of both groups for both the socialization and counseling stages as well as for the practice of medicinal plants cultivation. It could be concluded, the partner village activities in medicinal plants cultivation could improve the understanding of the target group