Inverse problems with partial data for a magnetic Schr\"odinger operator in an infinite slab and on a bounded domain

In this paper we study inverse boundary value problems with partial data for the magnetic Schr\"odinger operator. In the case of an infinite slab in $R^n$, $n\ge 3$, we establish that the magnetic field and the electric potential can be determined uniquely, when the Dirichlet and Neumann data are given either on the different boundary hyperplanes of the slab or on the same hyperplane. This is a generalization of the results of [41], obtained for the Schr\"odinger operator without magnetic potentials. In the case of a bounded domain in $R^n$, $n\ge 3$, extending the results of [2], we show the unique determination of the magnetic field and electric potential from the Dirichlet and Neumann data, given on two arbitrary open subsets of the boundary, provided that the magnetic and electric potentials are known in a neighborhood of the boundary. Generalizing the results of [31], we also obtain uniqueness results for the magnetic Schr\"odinger operator, when the Dirichlet and Neumann data are known on the same part of the boundary, assuming that the inaccessible part of the boundary is a part of a hyperplane

A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of the impact of diurnal intermittent fasting during Ramadan on body weight in healthy subjects aged 16 years and above

PURPOSE: Studies on the effect of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) on body weight have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect size of body weight changes in healthy, non-athletic Muslims practicing Ramadan fasting, and to assess the effect of covariates such as age, sex, fasting time duration, season, and country, using subgroup analysis, and meta-regression. Covariate adjustments were performed to explain the variability of weight change in response to Ramadan fasting.METHODS: CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, EMBASE, Google Scholar, ProQuest Medical, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from date of inception in 1950 to the end of August 2019.RESULTS: Eighty-five studies, conducted in 25 countries during 1982-2019, were identified. RDIF yielded a significant, but small reduction in body weight (K = 85, number of subjects, N = 4176 (aged 16-80 years), Hedges' g =- 0.360, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.405 to - 0.315, I2 = 45.6%), this effect size translates into difference in means of - 1.022 kg (95% CI - 1.164 kg to - 0.880 kg). Regression analysis for moderator covariates revealed that fasting time (min/day) is a significant (P &lt; 0.05) moderator for weight change at the end of Ramadan, while age and sex are not. Variable effects for the season and country were found.CONCLUSION: RDIF may confer a significant small reduction in body weight in non-athletic healthy people aged 16 years and above, directly associated with fasting time and variably correlated with the season, and country.</p

A THERMODYNAMIC MODEL OF GRAIN BOUNDARY SEGREGATION FOR ATOMISTIC CALCULATIONS

Les modèles thermodynamiques classiques ne permettent pas une description réaliste de la ségrégation intergranulaire, car ils ne prennent pas en compte les différences entre les caractéristiques énergétiques et géométriques des différents sites effectifs de ségrégation. Dans cet article, nous proposons un nouveau modèle thermodynamique échappant à la critique précédente et permettant de calculer la concentration intergranulaire en soluté, en fonction de la structure de l'interface et de la température. On donne aussi une méthode de calcul de la tension interfaciale en fonction de l'énergie intergranulaire.Existent thermodynamic models do not allow a realistic description of segregation. The major reason for this is that classical models of segregation do not take into account the differences between the energetic and geometrical characteristics among the different effective segregation sites. In this paper we propose a new thermodynamical model which suppress mentioned problem and enables a determination of interface solute concentration depending on interface structure and temperature. A method for calculation of grain boundary tension as a function of grain boundary energy is also described

Surface charges of oxides and wettability: Application to TiO2–SiO2 composite films

AbstractThe super-hydrophilicity which can exist at the interface between oxides and aqueous solutions is able to sustain industrial and domestic applications. Several experimental results obtained on TiO2–SiO2 composite thin films via a sol–gel route have confirmed a natural and persistent super hydrophilicity under standard atmosphere. This property can be easily photo-regenerated after a long aging period in ambient atmosphere using a short UV illumination. The electrochemical double layer which classically exists between oxide surfaces and aqueous solution is unfavorable to high wettability properties of ideal flat surfaces. The present study indicates how the surface rugosity and the disjoining pressure caused by surface charges are able to explain the stability of a prewetting film. This film can withstand to vaporization in a weakly under saturated atmosphere, having a protective action despite a carbon contamination brought by standard atmosphere

An Auger depth profile analysis of a sputtered Fe-Ti multilayer structure

International audienceA deconvolution process is used to discuss the peak-to-peak height curves obtained during the depth profile analysis of a sputtered Fe-Ti multilayer sample. The modifications induced by the inelastic mean free path, the roughness and the mixing effect are taken into account and enable more accurate information to be obtained on the main constituent signals. In addition, the positions of the C, O and Ar impurities are analysed