Ben Jonson’s Dead Body: Henry, Prince of Wales, and the 1616 Folio

All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of scholarly citation, none of this work may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. For information address the University of Pennsylvania Press, 3905 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112.This essay examines the 1616 Ben Jonson Folio in the context of the social, poetic, and bibliographical aftermath of the death of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, in 1612. Those involved in the stated and implied social network surrounding the book overlap significantly with those involved in Henrys death and funeral, and with those who participated in the outpouring of grief in print. Jonson’s Folio rehearses the typography and poetics of grief established as a precedent in the mourning of 1612

The Muted Rise of the Silent Witness Rule in National Security Litigation: The Eastern District of Virginia\u27s Answer to the Fight Over Classified Information at Trial

The state secrets problem is emblematic of a judicial issue which is not confined to the civil cases in which the privilege is asserted - the tension between the government\u27s interest in protecting classified information and society\u27s interest in justice by resolution on the merits. The United States must be allowed to prosecute terrorists, conspirators, and enemies by using classified information as evidence; but how may the government act as a civil defendant without invoking the state secrets privilege to dismiss actions before trial (or pre-discovery)? The answer might be a little known evidentiary doctrine called the silent witness rule. Under the silent witness rule, trial participants would have copies of a classified document key designating code names for classified places, names, documents or other information. When referring to classified information during trial, trial participants would use the code name to reference a particular piece of classified information - protecting the actual information from disclosure. The procedure allows classified evidence to be used at trial without fear of public disclosure. This paper addresses Judge Ellis\u27 recent judicial approval of the silent witness rule in United States v. Rosen, 520 F. Supp. 2d 786 (E.D. Va. 2007), and whether its approval for use in the criminal arena implicitly endorses its use in civil actions as an answer state secrets dismissals. It does not suppose to analyze the practical applicability of invoking the silent witness rule in the civil arena, but instead endeavors to present the information necessary to understand this new doctrine and its potential applications. The approval of the silent witness rule presents a possible remedy to the state secrets problem. Indeed, Judge Ellis\u27 opinion suggests that the rule meets and defeats constitutional concerns in criminal trials, paving the way for its use in civil actions. As civil actions have lesser constitutional concerns than criminal matters, the silent witness rule can be fashioned into a workable way to end pre-discovery dismissals pursuant to the state secrets privilege

Surveying the Potential Range Extension of Invasive Mystery Snails within Central Virginia

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Centromere function and evolution in maize (Zea mays)

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 3, 2007)Vita.Thesis (Ph. D.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2006.A dispensable supernumerary chromosome present in maize, the B chromosome, was the focus of many centromere studies. First, I examine the variation in copy number of centromeric elements and other repeats among different maize lines. Then, I demonstrate that centromeric elements are present away from the centromere on the B chromosome indicating that centromeric elements are not sufficient for centromere function in maize. I demonstrate that the B centromere can be inactivated in dicentric chromosomes to produce stable, functionally monocentric chromosomes. Next, I examine the rate of divergence for centromeric elements in maize and its relatives in relation to other repetitive elements in the genome. I examined the genomic distribution of repetitive elements showing that certain families of retrotransposons are enriched in the heterochromatic regions flanking the centromere. Finally, I describe a novel chromosomal rearrangement, an inversion with a breakpoint in the centromere that splits the tract of centromere repeats creating a chromosome with two distinct sites of centromere elements.Includes bibliographical reference

Suppression of allergic airway inflammation by helminth-induced regulatory T cells

Allergic diseases mediated by T helper type (Th) 2 cell immune responses are rising dramatically in most developed countries. Exaggerated Th2 cell reactivity could result, for example, from diminished exposure to Th1 cell–inducing microbial infections. Epidemiological studies, however, indicate that Th2 cell–stimulating helminth parasites may also counteract allergies, possibly by generating regulatory T cells which suppress both Th1 and Th2 arms of immunity. We therefore tested the ability of the Th2 cell–inducing gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus to influence experimentally induced airway allergy to ovalbumin and the house dust mite allergen Der p 1. Inflammatory cell infiltrates in the lung were suppressed in infected mice compared with uninfected controls. Suppression was reversed in mice treated with antibodies to CD25. Most notably, suppression was transferable with mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) from infected animals to uninfected sensitized mice, demonstrating that the effector phase was targeted. MLNC from infected animals contained elevated numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells, higher TGF-β expression, and produced strong interleukin (IL)-10 responses to parasite antigen. However, MLNC from IL-10–deficient animals transferred suppression to sensitized hosts, indicating that IL-10 is not the primary modulator of the allergic response. Suppression was associated with CD4(+) T cells from MLNC, with the CD4(+)CD25(+) marker defining the most active population. These data support the contention that helminth infections elicit a regulatory T cell population able to down-regulate allergen induced lung pathology in vivo