7 research outputs found
CUTTING PREFERENCE OF Acromyrmex crassispinus (FOREL, 1909) AND Acromyrmex ambiguus (EMERY, 1887) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) BY DIFFERENT EUCALYPT SPECIES IN LABORATORY
A busca por novos m\ue9todos de manejo e controle de
formigas-cortadeiras vem sendo enfoque de in\ufameros estudos pelo
pa\ueds, impulsionada por aspectos econ\uf4micos e ambientais. O
estabelecimento de esp\ue9cies resistentes ou menos preferidas ao
corte pode contribuir substancialmente neste sentido. Logo, o objetivo
deste estudo foi avaliar a prefer\ueancia de corte entre as
esp\ue9cies Corymbia citriodora , Eucalyptus benthamii , Eucalyptus
camaldulensis , Eucalyptus dunnii , Eucalyptus globulus e
h\uedbrido de Eucalyptus urophylla X Eucalyptus grandis por
Acromyrmex ambiguus e Acromyrmex crassispinus em laborat\uf3rio.
Para isso, folhas foram ofertadas, simultaneamente, para seis
col\uf4nias de cada esp\ue9cie em bioensaios com chance de escolha.
No entanto, nos testes sem chance de escolha, apenas as esp\ue9cies
menos preferidas pelo teste anterior foram utilizadas. Para Acromyrmex
crassispinus, as esp\ue9cies Eucalyptus camaldulensis e h\uedbrido
de Eucalyptus urophylla X Eucalyptus grandis foram mais cortadas,
enquanto que as esp\ue9cies Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus dunnii e
Eucalyptus globulus foram menos preferidas ao corte. Acromyrmex
ambiguus apresentou padr\ue3o similar de prefer\ueancia,
adicionando-se Eucalyptus benthamii entre as mais preferidas e
excluindo-se Eucalyptus dunnii das menos preferidas.The search for new leafcutter ant management and control methods have
been the aim of several studies over the country, propelled by economic
and environmental aspects. The establishment of resistant or less
preferred species for the cut can contribute substantially in this
subject. This way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the
cutting preference between the species Corymbia citriodora ,
Eucalyptus benthamii , Eucalyptus camaldulensis , Eucalyptus dunnii
, Eucalyptus globulus and h\uedbrido de Eucalyptus urophylla X
Eucalyptus grandis by Acromyrmex ambiguus and Acromyrmex
crassispinus in laboratory. Therefore, leafs were offered
simultaneously to six colonies of each species in bioassays with chance
to choose. However, in the tests without chance to choose, only the
least preferred species in the previous test were utilized. For
Acromyrmex crassispinus, the species Eucalyptus camaldulensis and
h\uedbrido de Eucalyptus urophylla X Eucalyptus grandis were the most
cutted, besides Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus dunni and Eucalyptus
globules were less preferred. Acromyrmex ambiguus showed similar
preference pattern, adding Eucalyptus benthamii among the most
preferred one and excluding Eucalyptus dunnii from the least preferred
Examining the demographic profile and attitudes of citizens, in areas where organised crime groups proliferate
Whilst studies refer to the community impact of Organized Crime (OC), no survey currently exists to examine the views of those citizens who reside in areas where Organized Crime Groups (OCGs) proliferate. 431 questionnaires from households co-existing in high density OCGs areas were analysed in relation to: a) demographic information; b) views on the community and the police; and c) how they expected other residents to react to illegal incidents. Overall respondents thought the average citizen would refuse to intervene in 10% - 48% of illegal incidents, with the specific case influencing whether and how they would respond. The analysis then compared three communities who lived in high density OCG areas with a control community (n=343). The âOCGâ communities were more likely to report low collective efficacy and were least likely to expect their neighbours to confront a crime in action. Conversely, whilst the control group showed higher levels of collective efficacy and expected the average resident more likely to confront illegal behaviour, this trend did not extend to street drug dealing and serious crime associated with OC. The study discusses the unreported intimidation associated with OCGs and the challenges of policing hostile environments
Cross-national validation of the Social Media Disorder-scale: Findings from adolescents from 44 countries
Background and aims: There is currently no cross-national validation of a scale that measures problematic social media use (SMU). The present study investigated and compared the psychometric properties of the social media disorder (SMD) scale among young adolescents from different countries. Design: Validation study. Setting and participants: Data came from 222 532 adolescents from 44 countries participating in the health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) survey (2017/2018). The HBSC survey was conducted in the European region and Canada. Participants were on average aged 13.54 years (standard deviation = 1.63) and 51.24% were girls. Measurement: Problematic SMU was measured using the nine-item SMD scale with dichotomous response options. Findings: Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) showed good model fit for a one-factor model across all countries (minimum comparative fit index (CFI) and TuckerâLewis index (TLI) = 0.963 and 0.951, maximum root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.057 and 0.060), confirming structural validity. The internal consistency of the items was adequate in all countries (minimum alpha = 0.840), indicating that the scale provides reliable scores. Multi-group CFA showed that the factor structure was measurement invariant across countries (ÎCFI = â0.010, ÎRMSEA = 0.003), suggesting that adolescentsâ level of problematic SMU can be reliably compared cross-nationally. In all countries, gender and socio-economic invariance was established, and age invariance was found in 43 of 44 countries. In line with prior research, in almost all countries, problematic SMU related to poorer mental wellbeing (range βSTDY = 0.193â0.924, P < 0.05) and higher intensity of online communication (range βSTDY = 0.163â0.635, P < 0.05), confirming appropriate criterion validity. Conclusions: The social media disorder scale appears to be suitable for measuring and comparing problematic social media use among young adolescents across many national contexts
Crossânational validation of the Social Media Disorderâscale : Findings from adolescents from 44 countries
Background and aims
There is currently no cross-national validation of a scale that measures problematic social media use (SMU). The present study investigated and compared the psychometric properties of the Social Media Disorder (SMD)-scale among young adolescents from different countries.
Design
Validation study.
Setting and participants
Data came from 222,532 adolescents from 44 countries participating in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey (2017/2018). The HBSC survey was conducted in the European region and Canada. Participants were on average 13.5 years old (SD = 1.6) and 51.2% were girls.
Measurement
Problematic SMU was measured using the 9-item SMD-scale with dichotomous response options.
Findings
Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) showed good model fit for a one-factor model across all countries (min. comparative fit index (CFI) and TuckerâLewis index (TLI): 0.963 and 0.951, max. root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR): 0.057 and 0.060), confirming structural validity. The internal consistency of the items was adequate in all countries (min. alpha = 0.840), indicating that the scale provides reliable scores. Multigroup CFA showed that the factor structure was measurement invariant across countries (ÎCFI = -0.010, ÎRMSEA = 0.003), suggesting that adolescentsâ level of problematic SMU can be reliably compared cross-nationally. In all countries, gender and socioeconomic invariance was established, and age invariance was found in 43 out of 44 countries. In line with prior research, in almost all countries, problematic SMU related to poorer mental wellbeing (range βSTDY = 0.193 to 0.924, p < 0.05) and higher intensity of online communication (range βSTDY = 0.163 to 0.635, p < 0.05), confirming appropriate criterion validity.
Conclusions
The Social Media Disorder scale appears to be suitable for measuring and comparing problematic social media use among young adolescents across many national contexts.peerReviewe