Predicting leakage of the VERCORS mock-up and concrete containment buildings - a digital twin approach

EDF operates a nuclear power generation fleet made up of 56 reactors. This fleet contains 24 reactors designed as double-walled concrete containment building. The inner concrete containment vessel has no metallic liner and is a prestressed reinforced concrete building. The inner concrete containment vessel is designed to withstand a severe accident, in terms of mechanical and sealing behaviour. The tightness of the containment is tested every 10 years, by carrying out a pressurization test and by measuring the leak rate. The leak rate is required to be below a regulatory threshold to continue operation of the concrete containment building for the next ten years. Ageing of concrete due to drying, creep and shrinkage leads to increase prestress loss and then leak rate with time. For some containment buildings, the leak rate gets closer to the regulatory threshold with time, so important coating programs are planned to mitigate and limit the leak rate under the regulatory threshold. Therefore, it is very important for EDF to have a concrete containment building leak rate prediction tool. To address this issue, an important research program around a 1/3 scale concrete containment building mock-up called "VERCORS" have been launched at EDF. The mock-up is heavily instrumented, and its materials (concrete, prestressing cables) have been widely characterized and studied. An important numerical effort has also been made to implement structural computations of the mock-up and to capitalize these computations as well as their post-processing (so as to compare automatically with the monitoring data) in what can be called a digital twin of the mock-up. This digital twin is now used to predict the leakage of VERCORS mock-up before yearly pressure test, and also to optimize the repair programs on the real containments

Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: TARIA‐MeDALL hypothesis

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Les systèmes experts: outils de mise en valeur de la compétence marketing

International audienceAcquérir, conserver et mettre à jour les connaissances qu'une entreprise a de ses marchés et des utilisateurs de ses produits, est une des tâches fondamentales du marketing. Dans cet article, nous revoyons brièvement révolution récente des outils et méthodes d'aide à la décision dans ce domaine. Nous précisons ce que sont les systèmes experts, ou systèmes à base de connaissances. Nous en décrivons les principales composantes ainsi que leur mode de fonctionnement. Enfin, nous analysons leur contribution potentielle en tant qu'outils d'assistance à la décision marketing

Les systèmes experts: outils de mise en valeur de la compétence marketing

peer reviewedAcquérir, conserver et mettre en valeur les connaissances qu'une entreprise a de ses marchés et des utilisateurs de ses produits est une des tâches fondamentales du marketing. Dans cet article, nous décrivons l'évolution récente des systèmes experts, ou systèmes à base de connaissances. Nous en décrivons les principales composantes, le mode de fonctionnement et la contribution potentielle en tant qu'outils d'assistance à la décision

PHYSIOPATHOLOGIE DE LA BRONCHIOLITE OBLITERANTE CHEZ LES TRANSPLANTES PULMONAIRES (IMPLICATION DE 4 MEDIATEURS PROFIBROSANTS : TGF-BETA, IGF-1,ET-1 ET PDGF)

PARIS5-BU-Necker : Fermée (751152101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Horizon et questionnements sur l'évaluation environnementale et sociale des propositions de matériaux naturels dans la construction contemporaine

International audienceLes propriétés physiques des matériaux bio-sourcés et géo-sourcés ne sont plus à démontrer. Cependant la mise en oeuvre des matériaux bio-sourcés, matériaux issus du vivant, et des géosourcés, exige une vigilance particulière sous peine de ruiner l'intérêt qu'ils apportent au projet, voire affecter lourdement la durabilité du bâti. La réalisation du lycée Saint Jean (livraison mars 2022) à Clermont-Ferrand par EIFFAGE / CRR Ecritures architecturales est mobilisée ici car ce cas d'étude permet d'entrer dans les logiques à l'oeuvre lors du choix de recourir aux matériaux bio et géo-sourcés. En effet, l'enjeu d'un tel projet en termes de coût expérimental est porteur d'un engagement environnemental dont la dimension symbolique est par hypothèse déterminante : en d'autres termes pourquoi et comment se détermine un tel choix pour un tel programme ? Keywords matériaux bio-sourcés géo-sourcés architectur

Tell Mohammed Diyab (Syrie), campagne 1993

International audienc

Tell Mohammed Diyab (Syrie), campagne 1993

International audienc

Effect of copper sulphate treatment on natural phytoplanktonic communities.

International audienceCopper sulphate treatment is widely used as a global and empirical method to remove or control phytoplankton blooms without precise description of the impact on phytoplanktonic populations. The effects of two copper sulphate treatments on natural phytoplanktonic communities sampled in the spring and summer seasons, were assessed by indoor mesocosm experiments. The initial copper-complexing capacity of each water sample was evaluated before each treatment. The copper concentrations applied were 80 microg l(-1) and 160 microg l(-1) of copper, below and above the water complexation capacity, respectively. The phytoplanktonic biomass recovered within a few days after treatment. The highest copper concentration, which generated a highly toxic environment, caused a global decrease in phytoplankton diversity, and led to the development and dominance of nanophytoplanktonic Chlorophyceae. In mesocosms treated with 80 microg l(-1) of copper, the effect on phytoplanktonic community size-class structure and composition was dependent on seasonal variation. This could be related to differences in community composition, and thus to species sensitivity to copper and to differences in copper bioavailability between spring and summer. Both treatments significantly affected cyanobacterial biomass and caused changes in the size-class structure and composition of phytoplanktonic communities which may imply modifications of the ecosystem structure and function