Possible degrees in recursive copies

AbstractLet A be a recursive structure, and let R be a recursive relation on A. Harizanov (1991) isolated a syntactical condition which (with additional effectiveness conditions) is necessary and sufficient for A to have recursive copies in which the image of R is r.e. of arbitrary r.e. degree. We had conjectured that a certain extension of Harizanov's syntactical condition would (with some effectiveness conditions) be necessary and sufficient for A to have recursive copies in which the image of R is ∑α0 of arbitrary ∑α0 degree, but this is not the case. Here we give examples illustrating some restrictions on the possible ∑α0 degrees. In these examples, the image of R cannot be ∑α0 of degree d unless d possesses an “α-table” (a sequence of sets in which each one is r.e. in and above the earlier ones)

The Arabidopsis Mediator complex subunits MED16, MED14 and MED2 regulate Mediator and RNA polymerase II recruitment to CBF-responsive cold-regulated genes

The Mediator16 (MED16; formerly termed SENSITIVE TO FREEZING6 [SFR6]) subunit of the plant Mediator transcriptional coactivator complex regulates cold-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana, acting downstream of the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) transcription factors to recruit the core Mediator complex to cold-regulated genes. Here, we use loss-of-function mutants to show that RNA polymerase II recruitment to CBF-responsive cold-regulated genes requires MED16, MED2, and MED14 subunits. Transcription of genes known to be regulated via CBFs binding to the C-repeat motif/drought-responsive element promoter motif requires all three Mediator subunits, as does cold acclimation–induced freezing tolerance. In addition, these three subunits are required for low temperature–induced expression of some other, but not all, cold-responsive genes, including genes that are not known targets of CBFs. Genes inducible by darkness also required MED16 but required a different combination of Mediator subunits for their expression than the genes induced by cold. Together, our data illustrate that plants control transcription of specific genes through the action of subsets of Mediator subunits; the specific combination defined by the nature of the stimulus but also by the identity of the gene induced

The Causes and Consequences of a Colonising Pollinator

Relatório de estágio do mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física dos Ensinos Básicos e Secundário, apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e da Educação Física da Universidade de CoimbraO Relatório Final de Estágio insere-se no âmbito da unidade curricular Relatório de Estágio, do 2º ano do Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física dos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, da Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física da Universidade de Coimbra. Esta etapa representa o culminar da formação académica em que são colocados em prática, em contexto real, todos os conhecimentos adquiridos até ao momento. Todas as experiências vivenciadas, aprendizagens e conhecimentos adquiridos permitem-nos hoje o desempenho de uma prática pedagógica de mestria na área da Educação Física. O Relatório Final de Estágio pretende a realização de uma reflexão por parte do estagiário, relativa às atividades desenvolvidas e aprendizagens realizadas durante o estágio pedagógico, contemplando sempre as suas expectativas iniciais. Este documento contempla três grandes capítulos. O primeiro é uma área essencialmente descritiva relativamente à contextualização pedagógica. O segundo consiste numa reflexão crítica das práticas pedagógicas realizadas. Por último, o terceiro capítulo pretende ser um aprofundamento de um tema/problema. O tema/problema selecionado foram as atitudes dos alunos sem deficiência face inclusão de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais na Educação Física. O Estágio Pedagógico foi realizado na Escola Básica com Secundário José Falcão de Miranda do Corvo, no ano letivo de 2013/2014, para a disciplina de Educação Física ao 7º ano de escolaridade. The Final Training Report falls within the scope of the Course Training Report, the 2nd year of the Master in Teaching Physical Education Primary and Secondary Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra. This step is the culmination of academic training in which are put into practice, in the real world, all the knowledge acquired so far. All the experiences, skills and knowledge acquired today allow us the performance of a pedagogical practice of mastery in the area of Physical Education. The main goal of the Final Training Report is to conduct to a reflection of the trainee on the developed and knowledge acquired during the practicum activities, always contemplating their initial expectations. This document contains three main chapters. The first is an essentially descriptive area regarding pedagogical context. The second is a critical reflection on the practices carried out. Finally, the third chapter will be a deepening of an issue / problem. The issue / problem selected were the attitudes of students without disabilities face inclusion of pupils with special educational needs in physical education. The Pedagogical Training was conducted in Secondary School with Joseph Falcon Miranda do Corvo, in school year 2013/2014, to the discipline of Physical Education through the 7th grade

Southward expansion: The myth of the West in the promotion of Florida, 1876–1900

This article examines the ways in which promoters and developers of Florida, in the decades after Reconstruction, engaged with a popular myth of the West as a means of recasting and selling their state to prospective settlers in the North and Midwest. The myth envisaged a cherished region to the west where worthy Americans could migrate and achieve social and economic independence away from the crowded confines of the East, or Europe. According to state immigration agents, land-promoters and other booster writers, Florida, although a Southern ex-Confederate state, offered precisely these 'western' opportunities for those hard-working Northerners seeking land and an opening for agrarian prosperity. However, the myth, which posited that, in the west, an individual's labour and thrift were rewarded with social and economic improvement, meshed awkwardly with the contemporary emergence of Florida as a popular winter destination for wealthy tourists and invalids seeking leisure and healthfulness away from the North. Yet it also reflected and reinforced promotional notions of racial improvement which would occur with an influx of enterprising Anglo-Americans, who would effectively displace the state's large African American population. In Florida, the myth of the West supported the linked post-Reconstruction processes of state development and racial subjugation

Self-intersection local time of planar Brownian motion based on a strong approximation by random walks

The main purpose of this work is to define planar self-intersection local time by an alternative approach which is based on an almost sure pathwise approximation of planar Brownian motion by simple, symmetric random walks. As a result, Brownian self-intersection local time is obtained as an almost sure limit of local averages of simple random walk self-intersection local times. An important tool is a discrete version of the Tanaka--Rosen--Yor formula; the continuous version of the formula is obtained as an almost sure limit of the discrete version. The author hopes that this approach to self-intersection local time is more transparent and elementary than other existing ones.Comment: 36 pages. A new part on renormalized self-intersection local time has been added and several inaccuracies have been corrected. To appear in Journal of Theoretical Probabilit

Vibrational pair cat states

Published versio

Role of electromagnetically induced transparency in resonant four-wave-mixing schemes.

Published versio

Recent Advances in Understanding Particle Acceleration Processes in Solar Flares

We review basic theoretical concepts in particle acceleration, with particular emphasis on processes likely to occur in regions of magnetic reconnection. Several new developments are discussed, including detailed studies of reconnection in three-dimensional magnetic field configurations (e.g., current sheets, collapsing traps, separatrix regions) and stochastic acceleration in a turbulent environment. Fluid, test-particle, and particle-in-cell approaches are used and results compared. While these studies show considerable promise in accounting for the various observational manifestations of solar flares, they are limited by a number of factors, mostly relating to available computational power. Not the least of these issues is the need to explicitly incorporate the electrodynamic feedback of the accelerated particles themselves on the environment in which they are accelerated. A brief prognosis for future advancement is offered.Comment: This is a chapter in a monograph on the physics of solar flares, inspired by RHESSI observations. The individual articles are to appear in Space Science Reviews (2011