Protection of stainless-steels against corrosion in sulphidizing environments by Ce oxide coatings: X-ray absorption and thermogravimetric studies

In this paper a study is reported concerning ceramic coatings containing cerium oxide, prepared by the sol-gel method, used to protect Incoloy 800H against sulphidation. When the coating is sintered in air at 850°C good protection is obtained. In an X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of the coatings it was observed that the best protective coating contains all cerium as CeIV after pretreatment. After sulphidizing cerium was reduced to CeIII. Possible mechanisms to explain the protective properties are discussed

Application of a risk-management framework for integration of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in clinical trials

Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) are a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To incorporate sTILs into clinical trials and diagnostics, reliable assessment is essential. In this review, we propose a new concept, namely the implementation of a risk-management framework that enables the use of sTILs as a stratification factor in clinical trials. We present the design of a biomarker risk-mitigation workflow that can be applied to any biomarker incorporation in clinical trials. We demonstrate the implementation of this concept using sTILs as an integral biomarker in a single-center phase II immunotherapy trial for metastatic TNBC (TONIC trial, NCT02499367), using this workflow to mitigate risks of suboptimal inclusion of sTILs in this specific trial. In this review, we demonstrate that a web-based scoring platform can mitigate potential risk factors when including sTILs in clinical trials, and we argue that this framework can be applied for any future biomarker-driven clinical trial setting

Étude comparative du salicylate de sodium, en couches minces et épaisses, et du terphenyl comme substances fluorescentes pour la spectroscopie dans l'U. V. lointain

The study from 1 200 to 3 000 Å of fluorescence in thin films of sodium salicylate, in transmission, as a function of the mass per surface unit has permitted us to détermine that the most suitable layer thickness is 0,85 mg/cm2 ; the adherence of the layers may be improved with a small quantity of parlodion. For the same distance of the photocathode, a thick layer used in " reflection " is more suitable than a thin layer used in transmission : the fluorescence is more intense and the reproducibility of the layers easier to obtain. In thick layers, terphenyl gives a signal 1,4 to 2 times more intense than the salicylate.L'étude entre 1 200 et 3 000 Å de la fluorescence de couches minces de salicylate de sodium par transmission en fonction de la masse par unité de surface a permis de déterminer une épaisseur optimum de 0,85 mg/cm2 ; l'adhérence des couches peut être améliorée avec une petite quantité de parlodion. A distance égale de la photocathode, une couche épaisse par « réflexion » est plus avantageuse qu'une couche mince par transmission : la fluorescence est plus intense et la reproductibilité des couches plus facile à réaliser. En couche épaisse, le terphényl donne un signal 1,4 à 2 fois plus intense que le salicylate

Anisotropie des transitions interbandes dans le nitrure de bore hexagonal

The ordinary and extraordinary dielectric functions of hexagonal boron nitride were calculated after measuring the reflecting power with a multiangle method. The incident energy radiation extended from 5 eV to 30 eV. The spectra are discussed as interband transitions.Les fonctions diélectriques ordinaires et extraordinaires du nitrure de bore hexagonal ont été calculées à partir de mesures multi-angle du pouvoir réflecteur pour une énergie de rayonnement de 5 eV à 30 eV. Les spectres obtenus sont discutés en termes de transitions interbandes

Transgenic expression of Ly49A on T cells impairs a specific antitumor response.

Inhibitory MHC receptors determine the reactivity and specificity of NK cells. These receptors can also regulate T cells by modulating TCR-induced effector functions such as cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and proliferation. Here we have assessed the capacity of mouse T cells expressing the inhibitory MHC class I receptor Ly49A to respond to a well-defined tumor Ag in vivo using Ly49A transgenic mice. We find that the presence of Ly49A on the vast majority of lymphocytes prevents the development of a significant Ag-specific CD8+ T cell response and, consequently, the rejection of the tumor. Despite minor alterations in the TCR repertoire of CD8+ T cells in the transgenic lines, precursors of functional tumor-specific CD8+ T cells exist but could not be activated most likely due to a lack of appropriate CD4+ T cell help. Surprisingly, all of these effects are observed in the absence of a known ligand for the Ly49A receptor as defined by its ability to regulate NK cell function. Indeed, we found that the above effects on T cells may be based on a weak interaction of Ly49A with Kb or Db class I molecules. Thus, our data demonstrate that enforced expression of a Ly49A receptor on conventional T cells prevents a specific immune response in vivo and suggest that the functions of T and NK cells are differentially sensitive to the presence of inhibitory MHC class I receptors

Improvement of Bi2Sr2Co1.8Ox thermoelectric properties by laser floating zone texturing

International audienc

Improvement of Bi2Sr2Co1.8Ox thermoelectric properties by laser floating zone texturing

International audienc