Critical Behavior of the Ferromagnetic Ising Model on a Sierpinski Carpet: Monte Carlo Renormalization Group Study

We perform a Monte Carlo Renormalization Group analysis of the critical behavior of the ferromagnetic Ising model on a Sierpi\'nski fractal with Hausdorff dimension $d_f\simeq 1.8928$. This method is shown to be relevant to the calculation of the critical temperature $T_c$ and the magnetic eigen-exponent $y_h$ on such structures. On the other hand, scaling corrections hinder the calculation of the temperature eigen-exponent $y_t$. At last, the results are shown to be consistent with a finite size scaling analysis.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

From semiclassical transport to quantum Hall effect under low-field Landau quantization

The crossover from the semiclassical transport to quantum Hall effect is studied by examining a two-dimensional electron system in an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure. By probing the magneto-oscillations, it is shown that the semiclassical Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) formulation can be valid even when the minima of the longitudinal resistivity approach zero. The extension of the applicable range of the SdH theory could be due to the damping effects resulting from disorder and temperature. Moreover, we observed plateau-plateau transition like behavior with such an extension. From our study, it is important to include the positive magnetoresistance to refine the SdH theory.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Growth differentiation factor 15 deficiency protects against atherosclerosis by attenuating CCR2-mediated macrophage chemotaxis

The TGF-β family member GDF-15 promotes lesion formation and plaque instability in atherosclerosis-prone LDLr-deficient mice

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: what have we achieved and where are we now?: Follow-up to the 2015 Lorentz workshop

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare progressive genetic disease effecting one in a million individuals. During their life, patients with FOP progressively develop bone in the soft tissues resulting in increasing immobility and early death. A mutation in the ACVR1 gene was identified as the causative mutation of FOP in 2006. After this, the pathophysiology of FOP has been further elucidated through the efforts of research groups worldwide. In 2015, a workshop was held to gather these groups and discuss the new challenges in FOP research. Here we present an overview and update on these topics.Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap

Ground-based and JWST observations of SN 2022pul. I. Unusual signatures of carbon, oxygen, and circumstellar interaction in a peculiar type Ia supernova

Nebular-phase observations of peculiar Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) provide important constraints on progenitor scenarios and explosion dynamics for both these rare SNe and the more common, cosmologically useful SNe Ia. We present observations from an extensive ground- and space-based follow-up campaign to characterize SN 2022pul, a super-Chandrasekhar mass SN Ia (alternatively "03fg-like" SN), from before peak brightness to well into the nebular phase across optical to mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths. The early rise of the light curve is atypical, exhibiting two distinct components, consistent with SN Ia ejecta interacting with dense carbon–oxygen (C/O)-rich circumstellar material (CSM). In the optical, SN 2022pul is most similar to SN 2012dn, having a low estimated peak luminosity (MB = −18.9 mag) and high photospheric velocity relative to other 03fg-like SNe. In the nebular phase, SN 2022pul adds to the increasing diversity of the 03fg-like subclass. From 168 to 336 days after peak B-band brightness, SN 2022pul exhibits asymmetric and narrow emission from [O i] λλ6300, 6364 (FWHM ≈ 2000 km s−1), strong, broad emission from [Ca ii] λλ7291, 7323 (FWHM ≈ 7300 km s−1), and a rapid Fe iii to Fe ii ionization change. Finally, we present the first ever optical-to-MIR nebular spectrum of an 03fg-like SN Ia using data from JWST. In the MIR, strong lines of neon and argon, weak emission from stable nickel, and strong thermal dust emission (with T ≈ 500 K), combined with prominent [O i] in the optical, suggest that SN 2022pul was produced by a white dwarf merger within C/O-rich CSM