1,796 research outputs found
Changes in neuropsychological functioning following temporal lobectomy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in neuropsychological functioning in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) after temporal lobe resection. Methods: Fifty-four TLE patients were evaluated before and after surgery using comprehensive neuropsychological tests to assess general intelligence, executive functioning, language, verbal and visual memory, working memory, visuo-spatial ability, attention and motor function. Results: The patients with left TLE showed no impairment of neuropsychological functioning after surgery, with the exception of auditory immediate memory. Furthermore, they showed significant improvement in performance IQ, executive function, working memory, visual memory, attention and psychomotor speed. The patients with right TLE did not show any significant impairment in post-operative neuropsychological functioning. They showed improvements in intellectual and executive functions, language, visual memory, visuo-spatial ability, attention and motor function post-operatively. The patients with hippocampal sclerosis showed greater post-operative improvements than the patients without hippocampal sclerosis regardless of the side. Patients with better pre-operative neuropsychological function had a higher chance of successfully discontinuing all seizure medications after surgery. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that temporal lobectomy does not harm the neuropsychological functioning of patients with intractable TLE and that it improves cognitive functions of the contralateral hemisphere. © 2009 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd
The Perspectives of Diabetes Educators and Dietitians on Diet and Lifestyle Management for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Qualitative Study
This study explores the knowledge and practice of diabetes educators and dietitians on diet and lifestyle management in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Diabetes educators and dietitians were recruited from three maternity hospitals in Adelaide (Australia), through snowball and purposive sampling. Thirteen semistructured interviews were conducted, audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed for codes and themes. Four themes emerged: guidelines and resources, dietary intervention, management delivery, and communication. Diabetes educators and dietitians demonstrated consistent knowledge of nutritional management for GDM and uniform delivery methods. However, a lack of culturally diverse resources was highlighted, along with a lack of continuity of care across the multidisciplinary team. Barriers towards uptake of dietary intervention were reflected by diabetes educators and dietitians as women showing signs of guilt and stress and disengaging from the service. Further exploration on the knowledge and practice of diabetes educators and dietitians for GDM to best inform implementation strategies for knowledge translation of nutritional management is needed. The indication of language and cultural barriers and resources highlight an ongoing key priority area to support the care of women of ethnic minorities.Amber J. Hanks, Clare Hume, Siew Lim, and Jessica A. Griege
Low energy effects of neutrino masses
While all models of Majorana neutrino masses lead to the same dimension five
effective operator, which does not conserve lepton number, the dimension six
operators induced at low energies conserve lepton number and differ depending
on the high energy model of new physics. We derive the low-energy dimension six
operators which are characteristic of generic Seesaw models, in which neutrino
masses result from the exchange of heavy fields which may be either fermionic
singlets, fermionic triplets or scalar triplets. The resulting operators may
lead to effects observable in the near future, if the coefficients of the
dimension five and six operators are decoupled along a certain pattern, which
turns out to be common to all models. The phenomenological consequences are
explored as well, including their contributions to and new
bounds on the Yukawa couplings for each model.Comment: modifications: couplings in appendix B, formulas (121)-(122) on rare
leptons decays (to match with published version) and consequently bounds in
table
Annihilation of NMSSM neutralinos in the Sun and neutrino telescope limits
We investigate neutralino dark matter in the framework of NMSSM performing a
scan over its parameter space and calculating neutralino capture and
annihilation rates in the Sun. We discuss the prospects of searches for
neutralino dark matter in neutrino experiments depending on neutralino content
and its main annihilation channel. We recalculate the upper limits on
neutralino-proton elastic cross sections directly from neutrino telescopes
upper bounds on annihilation rates in the Sun. This procedure has advantages as
compared with corresponding recalcalations from the limits on muon flux,
namely, it is independent on details of the experiment and the recalculation
coefficients are universal for any kind of WIMP dark matter models. We derive
90% c.l. upper limits on neutralino-proton cross sections from the results of
the Baksan Underground Scintillator Telescope.Comment: 28 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP, references
adde
Measurement of K^+ \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \nu \gamma decay using stopped kaons
The K^+ \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \nu \gamma () decay has been
measured with stopped positive kaons at the KEK 12 GeV proton synchrotron. A
sample containing 125 events was obtained. The partial
branching ratio was found to be , which is in good agreement with theoretical predictions.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physics Letters
Statistical mechanics of RNA folding: a lattice approach
We propose a lattice model for RNA based on a self-interacting two-tolerant
trail. Self-avoidance and elements of tertiary structure are taken into
account. We investigate a simple version of the model in which the native state
of RNA consists of just one hairpin. Using exact arguments and Monte Carlo
simulations we determine the phase diagram for this case. We show that the
denaturation transition is first order and can either occur directly or through
an intermediate molten phase.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
Measurement of direct photon emission in decay using stopped positive kaons
The radiative decay () has
been measured with stopped positive kaons. A sample
containing 4k events was analyzed, and the branching ratio
of the direct photon emission process was determined to be . No interference pattern with internal
bremsstrahlung was observed.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, to be published in Phys. Lett.
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Magnon spectrum of the helimagnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3
Complex low-temperature-ordered states in chiral magnets are typically governed by a competition between multiple magnetic interactions. The chiral-lattice multiferroic Cu2OSeO3 became the first insulating helimagnetic material in which a long-range order of topologically stable spin vortices known as skyrmions was established. Here we employ state-of-the-art inelastic neutron scattering to comprehend the full three-dimensional spin-excitation spectrum of Cu2OSeO3 over a broad range of energies. Distinct types of high- and low-energy dispersive magnon modes separated by an extensive energy gap are observed in excellent agreement with the previously suggested microscopic theory based on a model of entangled Cu4 tetrahedra. The comparison of our neutron spectroscopy data with model spin-dynamical calculations based on these theoretical proposals enables an accurate quantitative verification of the fundamental magnetic interactions in Cu2OSeO3 that are essential for understanding its abundant low-temperature magnetically ordered phases
An Extended Zel'dovich Model for the Halo Mass Function
A new way to construct a fitting formula for the halo mass function is
presented. Our formula is expressed as a solution to the modified Jedamzik
matrix equation that automatically satisfies the normalization constraint. The
characteristic parameters expressed in terms of the linear shear eigenvalues
are empirically determined by fitting the analytic formula to the numerical
results from the high-resolution N-body simulation and found to be independent
of scale, redshift and background cosmology. Our fitting formula with the
best-fit parameters is shown to work excellently in the wide mass-range at
various redshifts: The ratio of the analytic formula to the N-body results
departs from unity by up to 10% and 5% over 10^{11}<= M/(M_sun/h)<= 5x10^{15}
at z=0,\ 0.5 and 1 for the FoF-halo and SO-halo cases, respectively.Comment: Accepted for publication in JCAP; 19pages, 9 figures, significantly
revised, discussion on the limitation of our model adde
Significant Biochemical, Biophysical and Metabolic Diversity in Circulating Human Cord Blood Reticulocytes
10.1371/journal.pone.0076062PLoS ONE810-POLN
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