СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ АДАПТАЦИЯ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ИНТЕЛЛИГЕНЦИИ НА О. КАПРИ В 1905-1914 гг

The sociocultural adaptation of migrants is a multifaceted historical theme, which includes many aspects from statistical indicators to the emotional aspects of adaptation. The relevance of reserching the adaptation of artistic intelligentsia is associated with the need of comprehensive analysis of this phenomenon. The article deals with the potential and the process of adaptation of the “Russian colony” on Capri in 1905-1914. The research is based on unpublished and published personal materials - memoirs and correspondence. The period between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the beginning of the First World War was a stage in the modern consciousness of the Russian artistic intelligentsia, who felt the urgent need for renewal, but could not put it into life. The failure of the first revolution forced many of them to leave Russia, while others did it of their own free will. The article is focused on the personal perception of the artistic intelligentsia to their position as temporary migrants, the process of building interaction within a fairly large emigrant community and with the local population. The methodological base is associated with a biographical approach in historical researchers and some elements of the new cultural history. The adaptation strategy of temporary migrants was directed inside the community: the main goal was the unification of Russian emigration, the creation and maintenance of a cultural field in conditions of separation from Russia. Despite the strong demarcations within the community, maintained by the migrants themselves, mainly along ideological boundaries, subsequently the period of stay on Capri has become a special nostalgic point in the memoirs of representatives of the artistic intelligentsia and political activists

Evidence for Low‐Pressure Crustal Anatexis During the Northeast Atlantic Break‐Up

While basaltic volcanism is dominant during rifting and continental breakup, felsic magmatism may be a significant component of some rift margins. During International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 396 on the continental margin of Norway, a graphite‐garnet‐cordierite bearing dacitic unit (the Mimir dacite) was recovered in two holes within early Eocene sediments on Mimir High (Site U1570), a marginal high on the Vøring Transform Margin. Here, we present a comprehensive textural, petrological, and geochemical study of the Mimir dacite in order to assess its origin and discuss the geodynamic implications. The major mineral phases (garnet, cordierite, quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar) are hosted in a fresh rhyolitic, vesicular, glassy matrix that is locally mingled with sediments. The major element chemistry of garnet and cordierite, the presence of zircon inclusions with inherited cores, and thermobarometric calculations all support an upper crustal metapelitic origin. While most magma‐rich margin models favor crustal anatexis in the lower crust, thermobarometric calculations performed here show that the Mimir dacite was produced at upper‐crustal depths (<5 kbar, 18 km depth) and high temperature (750–800°C) with up to 3 wt% water content. In situ U‐Pb analyses on zircon inclusions give a magmatic crystallization age of 54.6 ± 1.1 Ma, consistent with emplacement that post‐dates the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum. Our results suggest that the opening of the Northeast Atlantic was associated with a phase of low‐pressure, high‐temperature crustal anatexis preceding the main phase of magmatism

Shallow-water hydrothermal venting linked to the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum

The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global warming event of 5–6 °C around 56 million years ago caused by input of carbon into the ocean and atmosphere. Hydrothermal venting of greenhouse gases produced in contact aureoles surrounding magmatic intrusions in the North Atlantic Igneous Province have been proposed to play a key role in the PETM carbon-cycle perturbation, but the precise timing, magnitude and climatic impact of such venting remains uncertain. Here we present seismic data and the results of a five-borehole transect sampling the crater of a hydrothermal vent complex in the Northeast Atlantic. Stable carbon isotope stratigraphy and dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy reveal a negative carbon isotope excursion coincident with the appearance of the index taxon Apectodinium augustum in the vent crater, firmly tying the infill to the PETM. The shape of the crater and stratified sediments suggests large-scale explosive gas release during the initial phase of vent formation followed by rapid, but largely undisturbed, diatomite-rich infill. Moreover, we show that these vents erupted in very shallow water across the North Atlantic Igneous Province, such that volatile emissions would have entered the atmosphere almost directly without oxidation to CO2 and at the onset of the PETM

"Feed from the Service": Corruption and Coercion in the State-University Relations in Central Eurasia

Education in Central Eurasia has become one of the industries, most affected by corruption. Corruption in academia, including bribery, extortions, embezzlement, nepotism, fraud, cheating, and plagiarism, is reflected in the region’s media and addressed in few scholarly works. This paper considers corruption in higher education as a product of interrelations between the government and academia. A substantial block of literature considers excessive corruption as an indicator of a weak state. In contrast to standard interpretations, this paper argues that in non-democratic societies corruption is used on a systematic basis as a mechanism of direct and indirect administrative control over higher education institutions. Informal approval of corrupt activities in exchange for loyalty and compliance with the regime may be used in the countries of Central Eurasia for the purposes of political indoctrination. This paper presents the concept of corruption and coercion in the state-university relations in Central Eurasia and outlines the model which incorporates this concept and the “feed from the service” approach. It presents implications of this model for the state-university relations and the national educational systems in Central Eurasia in general and offers some suggestions on curbing corruption

Corundum anorthosites-kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A combined mineralogical, geochemical, and U-Pb zircon geochronological study

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Kyshtymites are the unique corundum-blue sapphire-bearing variety of anorthosites of debatable geological origin found in the Ilmenogorsky-Vishnevogorsky complex (IVC) in the South Urals, Russia. Their mineral association includes corundum-sapphire, plagioclase (An61-93), muscovite, clinochlore, and clinozoisite. Zircon, churchite-(Y), monazite-(Ce), and apatite group minerals are found as accessory phases. Besides, churchite-(Y) and zircon are also identified as syngenetic solid inclusions within the sapphires. In situ Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon geochronology showed the ages at about 290-330 Ma linked to the Hercynian orogeny in IVC. These ages are close to those of the syenitic and carbonatitic magmas of the IVC, pointing to their syngenetic origin, which is in agreement with the trace element geochemistry of the zircons demonstrating clear magmatic signature. However, the trace element composition of sapphires shows mostly metamorphic signature with metasomatic overprints in contrast to the geochemistry of zircons. The reason for this discrepancy can be the fact that the discrimination diagrams for sapphires are not as universal as assumed. Hence, they cannot provide an unambiguous determination of sapphire origin. If it is true and zircons can be used as traces of anorthosite genesis, then it can be suggested that kyshtymites are formed in a magmatic process at 440-420 Ma ago, most probably as plagioclase cumulates in a magma chamber. This cumulate rock was affected by a second magmatic event at 290-330 Ma as recorded in zircon and sapphire zoning. On the other hand, Ti-in-zircon thermometer indicates that processes operated at relatively lower temperature (<900 ◦C), which is not enough to re-melt the anorthosites. Hence, zircons in kyshtymites can be magmatic but inherited from another rock, which was re-worked during metamorphism. The most probable candidate for the anorthosite protolith is carbonatites assuming that metamorphic fluids could likely leave Al- and Si-rich residue, but removed Ca and CO2. Further, Si is consumed by the silicification of ultramafic host rocks. However, kyshtymites do not show clear evidence of pronounced metasomatic zonation and evidence for large volume changes due to metamorphic alteration of carbonatites. Thus, the obtained data still do not allow for univocal reconstruction of the kyshtymite origin and further investigations are required

Corundum anorthosites-kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A combined mineralogical, geochemical, and U-Pb zircon geochronological study

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Kyshtymites are the unique corundum-blue sapphire-bearing variety of anorthosites of debatable geological origin found in the Ilmenogorsky-Vishnevogorsky complex (IVC) in the South Urals, Russia. Their mineral association includes corundum-sapphire, plagioclase (An61-93), muscovite, clinochlore, and clinozoisite. Zircon, churchite-(Y), monazite-(Ce), and apatite group minerals are found as accessory phases. Besides, churchite-(Y) and zircon are also identified as syngenetic solid inclusions within the sapphires. In situ Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon geochronology showed the ages at about 290-330 Ma linked to the Hercynian orogeny in IVC. These ages are close to those of the syenitic and carbonatitic magmas of the IVC, pointing to their syngenetic origin, which is in agreement with the trace element geochemistry of the zircons demonstrating clear magmatic signature. However, the trace element composition of sapphires shows mostly metamorphic signature with metasomatic overprints in contrast to the geochemistry of zircons. The reason for this discrepancy can be the fact that the discrimination diagrams for sapphires are not as universal as assumed. Hence, they cannot provide an unambiguous determination of sapphire origin. If it is true and zircons can be used as traces of anorthosite genesis, then it can be suggested that kyshtymites are formed in a magmatic process at 440-420 Ma ago, most probably as plagioclase cumulates in a magma chamber. This cumulate rock was affected by a second magmatic event at 290-330 Ma as recorded in zircon and sapphire zoning. On the other hand, Ti-in-zircon thermometer indicates that processes operated at relatively lower temperature (<900 ◦C), which is not enough to re-melt the anorthosites. Hence, zircons in kyshtymites can be magmatic but inherited from another rock, which was re-worked during metamorphism. The most probable candidate for the anorthosite protolith is carbonatites assuming that metamorphic fluids could likely leave Al- and Si-rich residue, but removed Ca and CO2. Further, Si is consumed by the silicification of ultramafic host rocks. However, kyshtymites do not show clear evidence of pronounced metasomatic zonation and evidence for large volume changes due to metamorphic alteration of carbonatites. Thus, the obtained data still do not allow for univocal reconstruction of the kyshtymite origin and further investigations are required

Research in definition of wood sawdust heat pick out when it is oil rich

Филина Наталья Александровна - старший преподаватель кафедры «Безопасность жизнедеятельности» Марийского государственного технического университета, г. Йошкар-Ола. Область научных интересов - комплексное использование лесных ресурсов, исследования процессов сорбции нефтепродуктов, получение тепловой энергии. Контактный телефон: 8-903-326-46-39. E-mail: [email protected] Filina Natasha Aleksandrovna - the senior on the «security of life and activity» department, in Mary State Technical University, Yoschar-Ola town. The science interest area - complex use of forest resources, process of oil products sorption research, heart energy reception. Contact phone: 8-903-326-46-39. E-mail: [email protected] Алибеков Сергей Якубович - доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой Машиностроения и материаловедения Марийского государственного технического университета, г. Йошкар-Ола. Область научных интересов - утилизация промышленных отходов и сточных вод, получение тепловой энергии, Композиционные материалы, термическая обработка сталей. Контактный телефон: (8362) 68-68-01. Alibekov Sergey Jakubovich - Doctor in technical science, professor, the head of «Mechanical engineering and material searching» faculty in Mary State Technical University, Yoschar-Ola town. The science interest area - industrial scraps and sewage water utilization, making heat energy, using additional materials, steel thermal processing. Contact phone: (8362) 68-68-01.Предложена технология утилизации древесных отходов, пропитанных нефтепродуктами, изучен процесе горения на древесных гранулах и на опиле различных пород деревьев как чистых, так и пропитанных нефтепродуктами, рассчитана теплотворная способность этих образцов. Разработана математическая модель процесса горения древесных отходов как чистых, так и пропитанных нефтепродуктами в программной среде Curve Expert 1.3. We suggest the technology of recycling of oil rich wood waste. The process of combustion is studied on wood-particles of different tree species, both oil rich and oil free. Also the combustion warmth was calculated. On the in program Curve Expert 1.3 was made the mathematical model of oil rich and oil free hood scrap combustion process.Марийский государственный технический университе

Incidence and Case-Fatality of Stroke on the East Border of the European Union

case-fatality, epidemiology, incidence, population-based, strokeBackground and Purpose The epidemiology of stroke in Belarus is unclear. Therefore, a population-based register of stroke was set up in western Belarus to determine incidence and case-fatality in a defined urban population. Methods-The Grodno Stroke Study is a prospective community-based research among 311 134 residents of the city of Grodno, Belarus. Standard definitions and multiple overlapping sources of ascertainment were used to identify all cases of first-ever-in-a-lifetime strokes in all age groups occurring between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2003. Results-During 3 years, 2069 cases of first-ever-in-a-lifetime strokes were registered. Mean age at stroke onset was 65.8± 11.6 years; rate of hospitalization was 89.7%. The crude annual incidence rate of first-ever-in-a-lifetime strokes for the study period was 222 per 100 000 (95% CI, 212 to 233). Incidence adjusted to the European standard population and to the World Health Organization world standard population was 287 per 100 000 (95% CI, 274 to 301) and 220 per 100 000 (95% CI, 210 to 231), respectively. The 28-day case-fatality rate was 26.1%. The prevalence of hypertension among all first-ever-in-a-lifetime stroke patients was 87.5%; 529 (25.6%) were current smokers. A total 23.1% of patients had atrial fibrillation, 19.1% had past myocardial infarction, 14.7% had diabetes mellitus, and 22.1% had hypercholesterolemia. Conclusions -High incidence and case-fatality rates determine the considerable burden of stroke in Belarus and might at least partly be related to the high prevalence of risk factors among the population