Feeding Modified Distillers Grains With Solubles and Wet Corn Gluten Feed (Synergy) to Adapt Cattle to Finishing Diets

An experiment with 236 steers and eight pens per treatment (14 or 15 steers/pen) evaluated two grain adaptation treatments. Treatments included adapting steers by decreasing alfalfa (CON) or decreasing a combination of distillers grains and corn gluten feed (SYNERGY) followed by feeding a common finishing diet to slaughter. Performance and carcass traits did not differ between adaptation systems. A combination of MDGS and SYNERGY can be used to adapt beef cattle to feedlot diets with efficacy of the traditional, foragebased method

Effect of sulfur content in wet or dry distillers grains fed at several inclusions on cattle growth performance, ruminal parameters, and hydrogen sulfide

Effects of S from wet or dry distillers grains with solubles (DGS) containing 0.82 or 1.16% S on animal growth performance, carcass characteristics, apparent total tract digestibility, and ruminal parameters were evaluated. In Exp. 1, crossbred beef steers (n = 120; 345 ± 34 kg BW) were individually fed ad libitum using Calan gates. Treatments were applied as a 2 × 2 × 3 + 1 factorial treatment arrangement with factors of DGS type (wet or dry), S content in DGS (0.82 or 1.16% DM basis), and DGS inclusion (20, 30, and 40%, DM basis), as well as a corn control diet (no DGS). In Exp. 2, ruminally cannulated crossbred beef steers (n = 6; 381 ± 31 kg BW) were assigned to 1 of 5 diets in a 5 × 6 unbalanced Latin Square design and fed ad libitum through five 14-d periods. A 2 × 2 + 1 factorial treatment arrangement was used with the factors of DGS type and S content in DGS (similar to Exp. 1). Inclusion of DGS was 40%, except for a MATCH diet containing wet 1.16% S DGS included at 31.4% (DM basis). Intake of DM decreased linearly (P \u3c 0.01) and quadratically (P \u3c 0.01) for steers fed wet and dry DGS that was 1.16% S, respectively. In addition, steers fed dry DGS consumed 9% more DM (P \u3c 0.01) than those fed wet. Gain decreased linearly (P = 0.02) when wet 1.16% S DGS increased in the diet, representing a 12% drop in ADG between the Control and 40% DGS inclusion. A quadratic (P = 0.02) improvement in G:F was observed for steers fed wet DGS compared with dry, regardless of S content (P = 0.52). Feeding diets with wet 1.16% S DGS linearly decreased (P = 0.03) HCW. In Exp. 2, molar proportion of propionate declined (P = 0.01) 9% and A:P ratio tended (P = 0.13) to be greater when 1.16 compared with 0.82% S DGS was fed. Apparent total tract DMD was not affected (P \u3e 0.16) and only subtle changes (P \u3c 0.01) in ruminal pH parameters were observed. Greater (P = 0.02) ruminal H2S concentration for steers fed wet compared with dry DGS was observed, while 1.16% S DGS tended (P = 0.12) to produce greater ruminal H2S than 0.82% S. Sulfur in wet DGS appears to be more prone to be converted to ruminal H2S, because feeding 1.16% S as wet DGS had a greater impact on ADG, DMI, and ruminal H2S compared with dry DGS

Ruminal Degradable Sulfur and Hydrogen Sulfide in Cattle Finishing Diets

The relationship between ruminal degradable sulfur intake (RDSI) and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration ([H2S]) as well as ruminal parameters were evaluated. Steers were fed diets containing organic, inorganic, and wet distiller grains with solubles (WDGS) sources of sulfur, as well as a control diet. A laboratory procedure was developedto measure RDS of ingredients. RDSI explained 65% of [H2S] variation, whereas total sulfur intake and ruminal pH, individually, explained 29 and 12%, respectively. Availability of sulfur for ruminal reduction is more important than total sulfur in the diet

Uso de dessecante no pré-emurchecimento de Brachiaria brizantha - cv Marandu visando a conservação deforragem, parâmetros morfológicos.

O teor de matéria seca (MS) é um dos fatores de grande importância na boa fermentação da silagem. Para reduzir o teor de umidade das forrageiras no ponto de colheita, comumente se emprega o uso de dessecantes. O experimento foi conduzido na ESALQ/USP em Piracicaba-SP em uma área de Capim-Marandu, seguindo um delineamento inteiramente casualisado com quatro dosagens de Glifosato (0, 1, 2 e 4 l/ha) e quatro repetições. Durante o experimento, amostras de forragem foram retiradas para obtenção do teor de MS e para averiguar a resposta de alguns processos fisiológicos, foi utilizado um medidor portátil de fotossíntese modelo LAI-6400. Os dados foram analisados pelo procedimento MIXED do SAS, mostrando que a menor dose já foi responsável por alterações no metabolismo fotossintético (P = 0,0001), a dose maior promoveu reduções de 30 % nas taxas de fotossíntese foliar e de respiração e mais de 50% na condutância estomática. O teor de matéria seca passou de 26,2 para 32 % (P = 0,0011) em três dias, sendo a eficiência do processo maior na dose mais elevada. O glifosato se mostrou eficiente no processo de dessecação e na redução do metabolismo fotossintético da planta

Parâmetros fisiológicos de Brachiaria brizantha - cv, Marandu, submetidos a doses de glifosato no processo de conservação de forragem.

O teor de umidade nas plantas é dos aspectos determinantes da viabilidade da conservação da forragem e um dos fatores de maior influencia na qualidade do alimento conservado. As plantas tropicais apresentam limitações em relação a esse parâmetro, pois possuem grande quantidade de água quando seus aspectos nutricionais são favoráveis. Uma solução seria acelerar a perda de água com a aplicação de herbicidas dessecantes antes da colheita. O experimento foi conduzido na ESALQ/USP em Piracicaba-SP em uma área Capim-Marandu, seguindo um delineamento inteiramente casualisado com quatro dosagens de Glifosato (0, 1, 2 e 4 l/ha) e quatro repetições. Colheu-se mecanicamente a forragem de 0,5 m2 a 10 cm do solo a cada 24 horas após a aplicação do dessecante, para determinar a Matéria seca total (MST), Matéria seca de folhas (MSF), Matéria seca de colmos (MSC) e Matéria seca de material morto (MSMM). Também se determinou a área foliar (AF), a Razão de área foliar (RAF) e a Razão do peso de folhas (RPF), Área foliar específica (AFE). Os dados foram analisados através do procedimento MIXED do SAS. As doses não apresentaram diferença, apenas com a dose zero apresentando-se com mais umidade. Para os cortes, ocorreu incremento gradativo da matéria-seca até o momento de corte, o que se refletiu nos parâmetros morfológicos medidos, mostrando a eficiência do dessecante em promover a perda de água na planta

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 May 2009-31 July 2009

This article documents the addition of 512 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alcippe morrisonia morrisonia, Bashania fangiana, Bashania fargesii, Chaetodon vagabundus, Colletes floralis, Coluber constrictor flaviventris, Coptotermes gestroi, Crotophaga major, Cyprinella lutrensis, Danaus plexippus, Fagus grandifolia, Falco tinnunculus, Fletcherimyia fletcheri, Hydrilla verticillata, Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus, Leavenworthia alabamica, Marmosops incanus, Miichthys miiuy, Nasua nasua, Noturus exilis, Odontesthes bonariensis, Quadrula fragosa, Pinctada maxima, Pseudaletia separata, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Podocarpus elatus, Portunus trituberculatus, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhinella schneideri, Sarracenia alata, Skeletonema marinoi, Sminthurus viridis, Syngnathus abaster, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Verticillium dahliae, Wasmannia auropunctata, and Zygochlamys patagonica. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Chaetodon baronessa, Falco columbarius, Falco eleonorae, Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo, Didelphis aurita, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Marmosops paulensis, Monodelphis Americana, Odontesthes hatcheri, Podocarpus grayi, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus smithii, Portunus pelagicus, Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus typhle, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli and Verticillium alboatrum. This article also documents the addition of nine sequencing primer pairs and sixteen allele specific primers or probes for Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; these primers and assays were cross-tested in both species.Glenn R. Almany...Rohan Mellick...Maurizio Rossetto...et al

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 May 2009–31 July 2009

This article documents the addition of 512 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alcippe morrisonia morrisonia, Bashania fangiana, Bashania fargesii, Chaetodon vagabundus, Colletes floralis, Coluber constrictor flaviventris, Coptotermes gestroi, Crotophaga major, Cyprinella lutrensis, Danaus plexippus, Fagus grandifolia, Falco tinnunculus, Fletcherimyia fletcheri, Hydrilla verticillata, Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus, Leavenworthia alabamica, Marmosops incanus, Miichthys miiuy, Nasua nasua, Noturus exilis, Odontesthes bonariensis, Quadrula fragosa, Pinctada maxima, Pseudaletia separata, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Podocarpus elatus, Portunus trituberculatus, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhinella schneideri, Sarracenia alata, Skeletonema marinoi, Sminthurus viridis, Syngnathus abaster, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Verticillium dahliae, Wasmannia auropunctata, and Zygochlamys patagonica. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Chaetodon baronessa, Falco columbarius, Falco eleonorae, Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo, Didelphis aurita, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Marmosops paulensis, Monodelphis Americana, Odontesthes hatcheri, Podocarpus grayi, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus smithii, Portunus pelagicus, Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus typhle,Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli and Verticillium albo-atrum. This article also documents the addition of nine sequencing primer pairs and sixteen allele specific primers or probes for Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; these primers and assays were cross-tested in both species.This article is from Molecular Ecology Resources 9 (2009): 1460, doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02759.x.</p