Going back to the Roots: Impact of the microbiome on plant health and growth

Conferencia científicaPlant roots are colonized by an astounding number of microorganisms that can reach cell densities much greater than the number of plant cells. Various studies have shown that members of the plant microbiome contribute to plant tolerance to abiotic (e.g. drought) and biotic (e.g. diseases) stress factors, but also to plant nutrition, growth and development. For the vast majority of plant-associated microorganisms, however, there is limited knowledge on their support functions and the mechanisms involved. Novel ‘omics technologies have provided more in-depth knowledge of the diversity and functioning of the plant microbiome and significant advances are being made to uncover mechanisms, genes and metabolites involved in the multi-trophic interactions in the plant microbiome. To better understand this intriguing complexity, both reductionists’ and systems approaches are needed to identify the biotic and abiotic factors involved in microbiome assembly and activity. Here, new results are presented on the role of rhizosphere and endosphere bacteria in protection of plants against soil-borne pathogens. For the rhizosphere bacteria, we showed that representatives of the Proteobacteria protect plants from pathogen infection by the production of chlorinated peptides and alter root architecture and plant growth via modulation of sulfur assimilation. In-depth metagenomic sequencing of the endosphere allowed de novo assembly of high quality bacterial genomes and revealed various yet unknown biosynthetic genes and pathways with new potential for plant protection and antibiotic discovery. An overview will be given on the wealth of genes and functions of the plant microbiome.Máster y Programa de Doctroado "Biología Celular y Molecular", y el Departamento de Microbiología, Univesidad de Málaga . Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Dynamical spacetimes and gravitational radiation in a Fully Constrained Formulation

This contribution summarizes the recent work carried out to analyze the behavior of the hyperbolic sector of the Fully Constrained Formulation (FCF) derived in Bonazzola et al. 2004. The numerical experiments presented here allows one to be confident in the performances of the upgraded version of CoCoNuT's code by replacing the Conformally Flat Condition (CFC) approximation of the Einstein equations by the FCF.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Proceedings of the 8th Edoardo Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Wave

Contribución al estudio polínico de Sideritis L. en el sudeste ibérico

Utilizando MO ~ MEB se presenta un cslu~io pali nológico de 18 táxones del género Siden'ris Sccc. Eusideritis Bell th;tm (Shü•rilis s. Sir.) presc:nles en el sudeste de Espaila: S . inwnn Wtr. \ '.Ífb>ato. S. &larjca. S. tragotigommr, S. angu;lifolia, S. se!abensi.t, S. mugrommsis, S. leuccmJra, S. leuamtlra var. hourgeano, S. leacmrtha v~r. im:ana, S. pusilfa, S. pusilla \lar. cartlwgineruis, S. pusil!a vM. fllJ\'0\'Frcns, S. prtsilla var. grciiO/c,uiJ, S. pusi!la var.liuorolis, S. pusilla var. osreaxyUcJ S. clum:acdrijo!io, S. fol'tem; y S. hirswa. A p3rtir de los datos de este trabajo se ¡)ucdc concliJir que In variación más importante dentro di!l polen de las publ;~cioncs eswdiaüas es l01 de lit morfologf:l polínica en vis1:1 poh1r 't ecuatorial, lo cual se relacio na con el tir)CJ de mesocolpio: se cncucnlran granos pkmap~r turados., angulapcr· turados y form<t.S intermcdi:KA palynologic"l sur;ey, includin¡; LM and SEM is prcscn1cd for 18 taxa of thc gcntJs Sid(•ntis L. Scc.:t. Eusidrri.lis Bc nthum (Side.rirlJ s. str.) prcscnting in Southcastern Spain: S. incuna Yi.H . ~,·rgatu, S.gluucu, S. tragori!,JtJ!IlUPI1 S. mrgltstifolia. S. se:abensis. S. nm~J¡'1011cnsi;, S. icrlt"D' Itlro, S k ru:tmtlra \ ' i.lr. bo:ugcmw, S. lcucoml:a 1o1ar. incona, S. pusiila, S. p11silin var. cart~laginen.sis, S. pr~siUtl v;)r. fla .;o,.;rens. S. pmiflu \' tiT. ¡;ratwlensis, S. pusil!a var. !ittoralis, S pusilla v:.r. ru1eoxyUa, S. dlamaet!rifoUa. S.fat~tem and S. llirsrlla. Judging rrom the da te prc.r;entcd in 1his papcr, il may be concJuded lhat !he rnOSI cons¡'licunns vari:ltÍOn in 1hc poi· len of collecüons anaUscd i.s that of pollcn mor¡'lhology in JXllar and ecuatorial \~cw which is rcl;ltcd lO lhc typc of mcsocoJpium: a ngulaperlllrale, r laMpcrluraiC and intcrmcdi:HC forros arc foum.l

CFD investigation of a complete floating offshore wind turbine

This chapter presents numerical computations for floating offshore wind turbines for a machine of 10-MW rated power. The rotors were computed using the Helicopter Multi-Block flow solver of the University of Glasgow that solves the Navier-Stokes equations in integral form using the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation for time-dependent domains with moving boundaries. Hydrodynamic loads on the support platform were computed using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. This method is mesh-free, and represents the fluid by a set of discrete particles. The motion of the floating offshore wind turbine is computed using a Multi-Body Dynamic Model of rigid bodies and frictionless joints. Mooring cables are modelled as a set of springs and dampers. All solvers were validated separately before coupling, and the loosely coupled algorithm used is described in detail alongside the obtained results

Molecular ecology of isoprene-degrading bacteria

Isoprene is a highly abundant biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) that is emitted to the atmosphere in amounts approximating to those of methane. The effects that isoprene has on Earth’s climate are both significant and complex, however, unlike methane, very little is known about the biological degradation of this environmentally important trace gas. Here, we review the mechanisms by which bacteria catabolise isoprene, what is known about the diversity of isoprene degraders in the environment, and the molecular tools currently available to study their ecology. Specifically, we focus on the use of probes based on the gene encoding the α-subunit of isoprene monooxygenase, isoA, and DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) alone or in combination with other cultivation-independent techniques to determine the abundance, diversity, and activity of isoprene degraders in the environment. These parameters are essential in order to evaluate how microbes might mitigate the effects of this important but neglected climate-active gas. We also suggest key aspects of isoprene metabolism that require further investigation in order to better understand the global isoprene biogeochemical cycle