942 research outputs found
Produção e avaliação da qualidade do leite na microrregião de Castanhal.
bitstream/item/63529/1/Oriental-Doc95.PD
Effects of a primary rehabilitation programme on arterial vascular adaptations in an individual with paraplegia
AbstractObjectiveEvaluation of the effects of 6 weeks of wheelchair endurance training on arterial stiffness in an individual with paraplegia.MethodsA 22-year-old male patient with complete (ASIA A) paraplegia (T11) was tested before and after training (30minutes three times per week). Physical performance and cardiorespiratory response were evaluated during a maximal progressive test. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, stroke volume and arterial carotid–wrist and carotid–ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured at rest.ResultsMaximal responses registered (maximal tolerated power, V˙O2 peak) during the exercise test were increased after training. At rest, HR as PWV decreased, whereas cardiac output and blood pressure remained constant.ConclusionContinuous exposure of the subject to a repeated high intensity exercise bout for 6 weeks elevated fitness level. Such a regular practice might also constitute a major way to trigger vascular remodelling beyond to the trained body part
Éradication de mammifères introduits en milieux insulaires : questions préalables et mise en application
During the last five centuries, along with the reduction of biogeographie barriers, a great
number of alien species were introduced by men, intentionally or not, in nearly ali ecosystems
throughout the world. Most of these introductions failed and a majority of the others didn't
raise any problem. But some of them led to major economic losses and/or biological diversity
reduction.
The insular vegetal and animal communities are little diversified, often disharmonie, and
characterized by an important rate of endemie species when compared with those of
continental ecosystems. These communities are therefore particularly vulnerable to alien
species. For these reasons and because of the small size of islands which allows experimental
studies, most operations of eradication took place in this type of ecosystems si nee the 1960s,
mammal species being the main target.
This paper offers an approach to improve the decision and the technica1 implementation
in view of the eradication of alien mammals on islands. These recommendations are founded
on the experiences of brown rat eradication from ten Brittany Islands (1994-1996) and those
of rabbit eradication from three islands of the Kerguelen Archipelago (1992-1999)Au cours de ces cinq derniers siècles, suite à la levée des barrières biogéographiques, un
grand nombre d'espèces végétales et animales a été introduit par l'homme, volontairement ou
non, dans la quasi totalité des écosystèmes du globe. La plupart de ces introductions ont été
des échecs et la majorité des succès est réputée ne pas poser de problèmes. Cependant,
certaines introductions réussies sont à 1'origine de pertes économiques importantes et de
graves atteintes à la diversité biologique.
Les écosystèmes insulaires, abritant des communautés animales et végétales peu
diversifiées par rapport aux milieux continentaux, souvent disharmoniques et caractérisées
par de forts taux d'endémisme, sont particulièrement vulnérables aux introductions d'espèces.
Dès les années soixante, l'essentiel des éradications d'espèces introduites, en particulier de
mammifères, a été réalisé dans les îles compte tenu de leur superficie souvent réduite,
favorable à l'expérimentation, et de leur grand intérêt écologique. À partir de l'expérience acquise lors de l'élimination du Surmulot de dix îles des côtes
bretonnes (1994-1996) et du Lapin de trois îles de l'Archipel de Kerguelen (1992-1999), cet
article propose une démarche d'aide à la décision et à la réalisation technique d'éradications
de Mammifères introduits en milieux insulaire
How Close is too Close? The Effect of a Non-Lethal Electric Shark Deterrent on White Shark Behaviour
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Sharks play a vital role in the health of marine ecosystems, but the potential threat that sharks pose to humans is a reminder of our vulnerability when entering the ocean. Personal shark deterrents are being marketed as the solution to mitigate the threat that sharks pose. However, the effectiveness claims of many personal deterrents are based on our knowledge of shark sensory biology rather than robust testing of the devices themselves, as most have not been subjected to independent scientific studies. Therefore, there is a clear need for thorough testing of commercially available shark deterrents to provide the public with recommendations of their effectiveness. Using a modified stereo-camera system, we quantified behavioural interactions between white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) and a baited target in the presence of a commercially available, personal electric shark deterrent (Shark Shield Freedom7™). The stereo-camera system enabled an accurate assessment of the behavioural responses of C. carcharias when encountering a non-lethal electric field many times stronger than what they would naturally experience. Upon their first observed encounter, all C. carcharias were repelled at a mean (± std. error) proximity of 131 (± 10.3) cm, which corresponded to a mean voltage gradient of 9.7 (± 0.9) V/m. With each subsequent encounter, their proximity decreased by an average of 11.6 cm, which corresponded to an increase in tolerance to the electric field by an average of 2.6 (± 0.5) V/m per encounter. Despite the increase in tolerance, sharks continued to be deterred from interacting for the duration of each trial when in the presence of an active Shark Shield™. Furthermore, the findings provide no support to the theory that electric deterrents attract sharks. The results of this study provide quantitative evidence of the effectiveness of a non-lethal electric shark deterrent, its influence on the behaviour of C. carcharias, and an accurate method for testing other shark deterrent technologies
Management and work in Crop-livestock-tree integration System in Roraima, Brazilian Amazonia.
Characterizing a new class of variability in GRS 1915+105 with simultaneous INTEGRAL/RXTE observations
We report on the analysis of 100 ks INTEGRAL observations of the Galactic
microquasar GRS 1915+105. We focus on INTEGRAL Revolution number 48 when the
source was found to exhibit a new type of variability as preliminarily reported
in Hannikainen et al. (2003). The variability pattern, which we name , is
characterized by a pulsing behaviour, consisting of a main pulse and a shorter,
softer, and smaller amplitude precursor pulse, on a timescale of 5 minutes in
the JEM-X 3-35 keV lightcurve. We also present simultaneous RXTE data. From a
study of the individual RXTE/PCA pulse profiles we find that the rising phase
is shorter and harder than the declining phase, which is opposite to what has
been observed in other otherwise similar variability classes in this source.
The position in the colour-colour diagram throughout the revolution corresponds
to State A (Belloni et al. 2000) but not to any previously known variability
class. We separated the INTEGRAL data into two subsets covering the maxima and
minima of the pulses and fitted the resulting two broadband spectra with a
hybrid thermal--non-thermal Comptonization model. The fits show the source to
be in a soft state characterized by a strong disc component below ~6 keV and
Comptonization by both thermal and non-thermal electrons at higher energies.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 11 pages, 10 figures, 4 in colour.
Original figures can be found at
http://www.astro.helsinki.fi/~diana/grs1915_rev48. Author affiliations
correcte
Avaliação da qualidade do leite nas propriedades do município de Uruará, Pará.
bitstream/item/63434/1/Oriental-Doc134.pd
Cobalamin deficiency resulting in a rare haematological disorder: a case report
INTRODUCTION: We present the case of a patient with a cobalamin deficiency resulting in pancytopaenia, emphasizing the importance to define, diagnose and treat cobalamin deficiency. CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old man from the Democratic Republic of Congo presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and a sore tongue. Physical examination was unremarkable. His haemoglobin was low and the peripheral blood smear revealed pancytopaenia with a thrombotic microangiopathy. The findings were low cobalamin and folate levels, and high homocysteine and methylmalonate levels. Pernicious anaemia with chronic atrophic gastritis was confirmed by gastric biopsy and positive antiparietal cell and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies. Cobalamin with added folate was given. Six months later, the patient was asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Cobalamin deficiency should always be ruled out in a patient with pancytopaenia. Our case report highlights a life-threatening cobalamin deficiency completely reversible after treatment
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