53,453 research outputs found
Frequency analysis via the method of moment functionals
Several variants are presented of a linear-in-parameters least squares formulation for determining the transfer function of a stable linear system at specified frequencies given a finite set of Fourier series coefficients calculated from transient nonstationary input-output data. The basis of the technique is Shinbrot's classical method of moment functionals using complex Fourier based modulating functions to convert a differential equation model on a finite time interval into an algebraic equation which depends linearly on frequency-related parameters
Temperature determination from the lattice gas model
Determination of temperature from experimental data has become important in
searches for critical phenomena in heavy ion collisions. Widely used methods
are ratios of isotopes (which rely on chemical and thermal equilibrium),
population ratios of excited states etc. Using the lattice gas model we propose
a new observable: where is the charge multiplicity and
is the charge of the fragmenting system. We show that the reduced multiplicity
is a good measure of the average temperature of the fragmenting system.Comment: 11 pages, 2 ps file
Superconducting screening on different length scales in high-quality bulk MgB2 superconductor
High quality bulk MgB2 exhibit a structure of voids and agglomeration of
crystals on different length-scales. Because of this, the superconducting
currents percolate between the voids in the ensuing structure. Magnetic
measurements reveal that the superconducting currents circulate on at least
three different length-scales, of ~1 micrometre, ~10 micrometre and whole of
the sample (~millimetre). Each of these screenings contributes to the measured
irreversible magnetic moment (Dm). The analysis of the field dependence of Dm
for samples of subsequently decreasing size showed that the critical current
obtained using the simple critical state model is erroneous. This leads to the
artefact of the sample size-dependent critical current and irreversibility
field. Our data analysis enables the separation of the contribution of each of
the screening currents to Dm. The field dependence of each of the currents
follows a stretched exponential form. The currents flowing around whole of the
sample give a dominant contribution to Dm in the intermediate fields (1T < H <
4T at 20K) and they can be used to obtain the value of Jc from critical state
model, which corresponds to the transport Jc
The induced representations of Brauer algebra and the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of SO(n)
Induced representations of Brauer algebra from with are discussed. The induction coefficients
(IDCs) or the outer-product reduction coefficients (ORCs) of with up to a normalization factor are
derived by using the linear equation method. Weyl tableaus for the
corresponding Gel'fand basis of SO(n) are defined. The assimilation method for
obtaining CG coefficients of SO(n) in the Gel'fand basis for no modification
rule involved couplings from IDCs of Brauer algebra are proposed. Some
isoscalar factors of for the resulting irrep
with
$\sum\limits_{i=1}^{4}\lambda_{i}\leq .Comment: 48 pages latex, submitted to Journal of Phys.
Inferring effective interactions from the local density of states: application to STM data from BiSrCaCuO
While the influence of impurities on the local density of states (LDOS) in a
metal is notoriously non-local due to interference effects, low order moments
of the LDOS in general can be shown to depend only on the local structure of
the Hamiltonian. Specifically, we show that an analysis of the spatial
variations of these moments permits one to ``work backwards'' from scanning
tunneling microscopy (STM) data to infer the local structure of the underlying
effective Hamiltonian. Applying this analysis to STM data from the high
temperature superconductor, BiSrCaCuO, we find that
the variations of the electro-chemical potential are remarkably small (i.e.,
the disorder is, in a sense, weak) but that there are large variations in the
local magnitude of the d-wave gap parameter.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Direct visualization of iron sheath shielding effect in MgB_2 superconducting wires
Local magneto-optical imaging and global magnetization measurement techniques
were used in order to visualize shielding effects in the superconducting core
of MgB_2 wires sheathed by ferromagnetic iron (Fe). The magnetic shielding can
provide a Meissner-like state in the superconducting core in applied magnetic
fields up to ~1T. The maximum shielding fields are shown to correlate with the
saturation fields of magnetization in Fe-sheaths. The shielding has been found
to facilitate the appearance of an overcritical state, which is capable of
achieving a critical current density (J_c) in the core which is larger than J_c
in the same wire without the sheath by a factor of ~2. Other effects caused by
the magnetic interaction between the sheath and the superconducting core are
discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Reduction of Effective Terahertz Focal Spot Size By Means Of Nested Concentric Parabolic Reflectors
An ongoing limitation of terahertz spectroscopy is that the technique is
generally limited to the study of relatively large samples of order 4 mm across
due to the generally large size of the focal beam spot. We present a nested
concentric parabolic reflector design which can reduce the terahertz focal spot
size. This parabolic reflector design takes advantage of the feature that
reflected rays experience a relative time delay which is the same for all
paths. The increase in effective optical path for reflected light is equivalent
to the aperture diameter itself. We have shown that the light throughput of an
aperture of 2 mm can be increased by a factor 15 as compared to a regular
aperture of the same size at low frequencies. This technique can potentially be
used to reduce the focal spot size in terahertz spectroscopy and enable the
study of smaller samples
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