ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS SIX SIGMA DENGAN METODE DEFINE, MEASURE, ANALYZE, IMPROVE, CONTROL (DMAIC) TERHADAP LINI Z PROSES PRODUKSI MOBIL KIJANG PADA PT. TOYOTA MOTOR MANUFACTURING INDONESIA

PT. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia (TMMI) sebagai salah satu perusahaan otomotif terkemuka di Indonesia dengan salah satu produk unggulannya yaitu mobil kijang berusaha meningkatkan kualitas produk yang dihasilkannya. Salah satu program peningkatan kualitas yang dapat menjadi pilihan dan telah terbukti keefektifannya adalah “Six-Sigma”, yaitu pada GE Company dan Motorola. Program peningkatan kualitas yang diusulkan pada penulisan skripsi ini berfokus pada departemen produksi khususnya pada QE ( Quality Engineering) dengen harapan hasil dari penerapan penelitian dengan metode ini akan memberikan usulan yang berguna bagi perbaikan kualitas proses produksi. Data-data masukan yang digunakan diperoleh selama berada di PT. TMMI sejak bulan Agustus-September 2003, baik secara tertulis maupun secara lisan. Sesuai dengan prinsip Six Sigma yang berfokus pada pelanggan dan berorientasi pada proses maka akan berpengaruh pada hasil akhir yang diharapkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses pengolahan data adalah DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Proses pengolahan data dimulai dari pendefinisian masalah yang akan dipecahkan, melakukan pengukuran terhadap data, menganalisis hasil pengukuran data, memperbaiki kesalahan produk yang didapatkan, dan kemudian mengendalikan usaha perbaikan yang telah dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pada tahap define diketahui bahwa jenis cacat terbesar pada lini produksi Z adalah bari. Pada tahap measure diketahui data berdistribusi normal dengan CTQ sebanyak 21 buah dan kinerja berada pada tingkat 4,7 sigma dengan nilai DPMO sebesar 732. Pada tahap analyze diketahui indeks kapabilitas proses sebesar 0,984631, sumber penyebab permasalahan terdapat pada faktor mesin, manusia, dan lingkungan. Pada tahap improve ditetapkan suatu rencana tindakan terhadap sumber-sumber dan akar penyebab dari masalah kualitas yang telah teridentifikasi pada tahap-tahap sebelumnya. Pada tahap terakhir yaitu control, usulan peningkatan kualitas didokumentasikan dan distandarisasikan agar dapat disebarluaskan dengan menggunakan metode 5W -2H

Ocean Seismic Network Pilot Experiment

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2003. It is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 4 (2003): 1092, doi:10.1029/2002GC000485.The primary goal of the Ocean Seismic Network Pilot Experiment (OSNPE) was to learn how to make high quality broadband seismic measurements on the ocean bottom in preparation for a permanent ocean seismic network. The experiment also had implications for the development of a capability for temporary (e.g., 1 year duration) seismic experiments on the ocean floor. Equipment for installing, operating and monitoring borehole observatories in the deep sea was also tested including a lead-in package, a logging probe, a wire line packer and a control vehicle. The control vehicle was used in three modes during the experiment: for observation of seafloor features and equipment, for equipment launch and recovery, and for power supply and telemetry between ocean bottom units and the ship. The OSNPE which was completed in June 1998 acquired almost four months of continuous data and it demonstrated clearly that a combination of shallow buried and borehole broadband sensors could provide comparable quality data to broadband seismic installations on islands and continents. Burial in soft mud appears to be adequate at frequencies below the microseism peak. Although the borehole sensor was subject to installation noise at low frequencies (0.6 to 50 mHz), analysis of the OSNPE data provides new insights into our understanding of ocean bottom ambient noise. The OSNPE results clearly demonstrate the importance of sediment borne shear modes in ocean bottom ambient noise behavior. Ambient noise drops significantly at high frequencies for a sensor placed just at the sediment basalt interface. At frequencies above the microseism peak, there are two reasons that ocean bottom stations have been generally regarded as noisier than island or land stations: ocean bottom stations are closer to the noise source (the surface gravity waves) and most ocean bottom stations to date have been installed on low rigidity sediments where they are subject to the effects of shear wave resonances. When sensors are placed in boreholes in basement the performance of ocean bottom seismic stations approaches that of continental and island stations. A broadband borehole seismic station should be included in any real-time ocean bottom observatory.This work was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF Grant Numbers: OCE-9522114, OCE-9523541 and OCE-9819439) with additional support from Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc. (JOI Contract No: 12-94), Scripps Institution of Oceanography, a Mellon Grant from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the Earthquake Research Institute at the University of Tokyo (Visiting Professorship for RAS)

Activity of pomalidomide in patients with immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis

Immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare, incurable plasma cell disorder. Its therapy has benefited immensely from the expanding drug armamentarium available for multiple myeloma. Pomalidomide in combination with weekly dexamethasone (Pom/dex) is active among patients with relapsed myeloma. In the present study, we explored the Pom/dex combination in patients with previously treated AL. Patients were eligible for this prospective phase 2 trial if they had had at least one prior regimen and if they had reasonably preserved organ function. Patients were treated with oral Pom/dex. Thirty-three patients were enrolled. The median age was 66 years. Median time from diagnosis to on-study was 37 months. Eighty-two percent had cardiac involvement. The confirmed hematologic response rate was 48%, with a median time to response of 1.9 months. Organ improvement was documented in 5 patients. The median overall and progression-free survival rates were 28 and 14 months, respectively; the 1-year overall and progression-free survival rates were 76% and 59%, respectively. There was a discordance between the hematologic response and the N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide response. The most common grade 3-5 adverse events, regardless of attribution, were neutropenia and fatigue. We conclude that pomalidomide appears to be a valuable drug covering an unmet clinical need in patients with previously treated AL. The trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00558896. (Blood. 2012;119(23): 5397-5404

Estimating the information extracted by a single spiking neuron from a continuous input time series

Contains fulltext : 174385.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Spike and Burst Coding in Thalamocortical Relay Cells

Item does not contain fulltextMammalian thalamocortical relay (TCR) neurons switch their firing activity between a tonic spiking and a bursting regime. In a combined experimental and computational study, we investigated the features in the input signal that single spikes and bursts in the output spike train represent and how this code is influenced by the membrane voltage state of the neuron. Identical frozen Gaussian noise current traces were injected into TCR neurons in rat brain slices. The information content carried by the various types of events (single spikes, bursts) in the signal as well as by the whole signal was calculated. Bursts phase-lock to and transfer information at lower frequencies than single spikes. On depolarization the neuron transits smoothly from the predominantly bursting regime to a spiking regime, in which it is more sensitive to high-frequency fluctuations

Rischio di mortalità con i farmaci antipsicotici nella popolazione psichiatrica anziana? Una revisione sistematica della letteratura

Nowadays, in Italy, elderly people represent almost a quarter of the population. Antipsychotics, in this age group, are widely prescribed. Albeit these medications are approved specifically for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, yet offlabel use of antipsychotics - in dementia, delirium, and other disorders - is recurrent. Literature has extensively highlighted the association between mortality risks and exposure to antipsychotics in elderly people with dementia – as underlined by the publication of the black box warnings from the US Food and Drug Administration – and subsequently taken into account by many other countries. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether this association is causal, as well as whether it should be applied to elderly patients not suffering from dementia. This study presents a systematic review of the literature (searching MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases) on the risks of mortality in a geriatric population suffering from psychosis of the schizophrenic and bipolar spectrum, dementia and delirium. The review includes the studies assessing the risk of mortality in elderly persons, aged 65 and over, treated with first and/or second generation antipsychotics. Overall, 25 publications met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review: 3 for psychosis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, 20 for dementia and 2 for delirium. Even if the hypothesis of a basic physiopathological mechanism associated with “old age” and involving a greater risk of mortality with the exposure to antipsychotic drugs cannot be discarded, nonetheless the underlying neuropsychiatric disease undeniably has also a specific, positive or negative, influence on this relationship. An accurate assessment of individual risk factors can help clinicians and patients in taking shared decisions on effective, safe, and above all appropriate therapeutic options