Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies.

In this work, the authors examined the presence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in 21 samples collected from fresh water bodies located in 5 provinces in Poland: Lublin (2), Podlasie (1), Pomerania (6), Warmia-Masuria (1) and Wielkopolska (11). In addition, to determine the general pattern of geographical distribution, frequency of cyanobacteria occurrence, and cyanotoxins production, the published data from 238 fresh water bodies in Poland were reviewed. On the basis of these collected results, we concluded that Planktothrix, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Dolichospermum were dominant. The general pattern in geographical distribution of the identified cyanobacterial genera was typical of other eutrophic waters in Europe. The production of cyanotoxins was revealed in 18 (86%) of the 21 samples analyzed in the present work and in 74 (75%) of the 98 total water bodies for which the presence of toxins had been examined. Among the 24 detected microcystin variants, [Asp3]MC-RR was most common. These results can be verified when more data from the less explored water bodies in the southern and eastern parts of Poland are available.The authors would like to acknowledge the European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST Action ES 1105 "CYANOCOST- Cyanobacterial blooms and toxins in water resources: Occurrence, impacts and management" for adding value to this study through networking and knowledge sharing with European experts and researchers in the field.42435837

The influence of natural environment’s components on spatial diversity of thermal emissivity of the Gąsiennicowa Valley

Hyperspectral remote sensing is still being discovered as a tool about analytical possibilities for the research on areas about diversifi ed character, like mountain areas. This study investigated the relationship between spatial variability of surface temperature of the Gąsienicowa Valley (the Tatra Mountains) and chosen components of the natural environment, such as: near-surface lithology layers, soil surfaces, land cover types, altitudes, slopes and aspects. Image of the surface radiation temperature was processed basing on the Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (DAIS 7915) data. Thematic layers were: acquired from the Tatra National Park GIS Office (geology, lithology and soil layers), generated from DTM (altitude, slopes and aspects) and created from the DAIS RGB compositions data (land cover). The analysis of relationship between components and surface temperatures were measured by the power connection index (Richling, 1983) and connection index (Zagajewski, 2003). It has been stated that the greatest power of connections occurred between the radiation temperature and the soil surface, however on the majority surface of the Gąsienicowa Valley temperature responses most strongly to the land cover type

The EMAS system as a stimulator of the enterprise’s environmental innovations

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę wpływu europejskiego systemu ekozarządzania i audytu EMAS na stymulowanie wdrożeń innowacji środowiskowych w przedsiębiorstwie. Ukazano w nim zależności pomiędzy tym systemem a efektem końcowym w postaci innowacji środowiskowych „pierwszego stopnia”, wynikających z filozofii ciągłego doskonalenia, stanowiącej podstawę jego konstrukcji oraz funkcjonowania. Ponadto przestawiono w nim przegląd definicji pojęcia innowacja środowiskowa oraz genezę zintegrowanych systemów proekologicznego zarządzania organizacją.The article presents the issues of the European system of eco-management and EMAS audit which impacts on environmental innovation’s stimulations realized in enterprises. The article shows the dependence between this system and the final effect which is shown as a “first graded” environmental innovation. This innovation results of the constant perfection philosophy, which constitutes the base of construction and rules of functioning. Furthermore, it shows the review of definitions connected with eco- innovations and the genesis of the integrated ecological organization’s management systems

Geomorphological map of pomorskie and warmińsko-mazurskie voivodeships using geoinformatics methods

The aim of this study was to prepare geomorphological maps of pomorskie and warminsko-mazurskie voivodeships in scale 1:300 000. Analysis primarily were based on the General Geomorphological Map of Poland 1:500 000 and Landsat 5 TM satellite images in RGB 453 composition, and alternatively with Geological Map of Poland 1:200 000, Topographic Map of Poland 1:100 000 and Digital Terrain Model from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. These materials were processed into digital form and imported them PUWG 1992 coordinate system. Based on them was lead interpretation and vectorization of geomorphological forms. It was detailing the boundaries in accordance with the content of the General Geomorphological Map of Poland 1:500 000. Then polygons were coded according to the numbering of J. Borzuchowski (2010). Very important was process to design a legend and then editing maps. The last stage of this study was to prepare a composition for printing maps. The effect of studies are geomorphological maps of pomorskie and warminsko-mazurskie voivodeships in scale 1:300 000, and an interactive databases in ESRI shapefile format (*.shp)

The use of hyperspectral techniques for waters mapping of the Zegrzyńskie Lake

The paper presents a possibility of an application of Imaging Spectroscopy to acquire thematic maps of water quality. Thanks to very high spectral, radiometric and spatial resolution of AISA hyperspectral images, which allow to identify zones of water with different properties. An analysis of the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters of water was made in 2014 for the Zegrzyńskie Lake. A Hhyperspectral image was acquired by the MGGP Aero aircraft and the Finnish AISA Eagle scanner. Remote sensing indices of water quality (Secchi Disk Depth (SDD), Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM)) and vegetation index – Carotenoid Reflectance Index 1 (CRI 1), which determines the content of chlorophyll and other plant pigments in the water, was calculated on the image. Based on spatial distribution of water quality indices the IsoData classification was performed. The result was a set of maps with five zones of concentrations of different substances in of the Zegrzyńskie Lake. The verification was made based on in-situ acquired samples of water during airborne data imaging. Due to differences in suspended substances load and different water velocity Bug and Narew water flow in separate streams and mix in the middle of the artificial lake. Following research showed a high correlation between the calculated indices and field measurements. They also confirmed the usability of AISA hyperspectral images to create thematic maps of water quality

HYPER-I-NET: European research network on hyperspectral imaging

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