The JPSS-1 CrIS Instrument: Successful First-Year On-Orbit

No abstract availabl

PTEN as a Prognostic and Predictive Marker in Postoperative Radiotherapy for Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck

BACKGROUND: Tumor suppressor PTEN is known to control a variety of processes related to cell survival, proliferation, and growth. PTEN expression is considered as a prognostic factor in some human neoplasms like breast, prostate, and thyroid cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study we analyzed the influence of PTEN expression on the outcome of a randomized clinical trial of conventional versus 7-days-a-week postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. The patients with cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx were randomized to receive 63 Gy in fractions of 1.8 Gy given 5 days a week (CF) or 7 days a week (p-CAIR). Out of 279 patients enrolled in the study, 147 paraffin blocks were available for an immunohistochemical assessment of PTEN. To evaluate the prognostic value of PTEN expression and the effect of fractionation relative to PTEN, the data on the outcome of a randomized clinical trial were analyzed. Tumors with a high intensity of PTEN staining had significant gain in the loco-regional control (LRC) from p-CAIR (5-year LRC 92.7% vs. 70.8%, for p-CAIR vs. CF, p = 0.016, RR = 0.26). By contrast, tumors with low intensity of PTEN did not gain from p-CAIR (5-year LRC 56.2% vs. 47.2%, p = 0.49, RR = 0.94). The intensity of PTEN highly affected the LRC in a whole group of 147 patients (5-year LRC 80.9% vs. 52.3% for high vs. low PTEN, p = 0.0007, RR = 0.32). In multivariate Cox analysis, including neck node involvement, EGFR, nm23, Ki-67, p53, cyclin D1, tumor site and margins, PTEN remained an independent predictor of LRC (RR = 2.8 p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that PTEN may serve as a potent prognostic and predictive marker in postoperative radiotherapy for high-risk squamous cell cancer of the head and neck

A non-randomized comparison of gemcitabine-based chemoradiation with or without induction chemotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemoradiation; CRT) is the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). CRT improves local control and overall survival (OS) when compared to radiotherapy (RT) alone. Induction chemotherapy (IC) reduces the risk of distant metastases (DM) and improves OS by 5% with the use of cisplatin/infusional 5 fluorouracil (PF) in meta-analysis. Adding a taxane to PF in the IC regimen confers a better outcome. Sequential treatment (ST) of IC followed by CRT is therefore under active investigation in multiple phase III trials.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We compared the outcome of two cohorts of patients (pts) with LA-SCCHN treated at our institution with CRT (n = 27) or ST (n = 31), respectively. CRT consisted of GEM 100 mg/m²weekly + conventional RT (70 Gy); ST consisted of the same CRT preceded by platinum-based IC.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Response to IC: complete 8 (26%), partial 20 (65%), stable 1, progressive 1, not evaluable 1. Median follow up of the surviving pts: for CRT 73 months, for ST 51 months. Median time to distant metastasis (TDM) was for CRT 23.6 months, for ST not reached. Median OS was for CRT 20.2 months, for ST 40.2 months. Cox regression analysis, taking into account age, T and N stage and tumor site, showed a hazard ratio with ST of 1.190 for time to locoregional failure (p = 0.712), 0.162 for TDM (p = 0.002), and 0.441 for overall survival (OS) (p = 0.026).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>TDM and OS were found significantly longer in the ST cohort without a reduced locoregional control. Notwithstanding the limitations of a non-randomized single-center comparison, the results are in line with very preliminary data of randomized comparisons suggesting an improved outcome with ST.</p

Synthesis And 1h Nmr Spectra Of 2-substituted-5-n-n-dimethylaminophenols And Some Related Compounds

In the present work, it is reported the synthesis of several 2-substituted-5-N,N-dimethylaminophenols either from the corresponding 3-amino-4-substituted-N,N-dimethylanilines or from the 3-N,N-dimethylaminophenol. Among those compounds three have not been described before. Giumanini's method has been successfully explored for the N,N-dimethylation step. Both the intermediates (3-nitro- and 3-amino-4-substituted-N,N-dimethylanilines), as well as the 2-substituted-5-N,N-dimethylaminophenols were fully characterized.692167172Barbarini, J.E., (1993) Síntese e RMN de Carbono-13 de Derivados do Metilsulfato de Neostigmina, , Campinas. 493 pp. (Tese de Doutorado, Instituto de Química da UNICAMP)Hodgson, H.H., Kershaw, A., Nitrous acid as a nitrating agent. Part I. The nitration of dimethyl-p-toluidine (1930) J. Chem. Soc., pp. 277-280Bunnett, J.F., Kato, T., Nudelman, N.S., Kinetics of reactions of 4-substituted 2-nitrofluorobenzenes with piperidine in methanol (1969) J. Org. Chem., 34, pp. 785-788Clemo, G.R., Smith, J.M., Studies in the nitration of substituted tertiary aromatic amines (1928) J. Chem. Soc., pp. 2414-2422Giumanini, A.G., Chiavari, G., Musiani, M.M., Rossi, P., N-Permethylation of primary and secondary aromatic amines (1980) Synthesis, 9, pp. 743-746Morgan, G.T., Clayton, A., Influence of substitution on the formation of diazoamines and aminoazo-compounds. Part IV. 5-Bromo-as(4)-dimethyl-2:4-diaminotoluene (1905) J. Chem. Soc., 87, pp. 944-951Haworth, R.D., Lamberton, A.H., Woodcock, D., Investigations on the influence of chemical constitution upon toxicity. Part II. Compounds related to "Prostigmine" (1947) J. Chem. Soc., pp. 182-191Haase, H., Darstellung von zwischenproducten für die synthese von triphenylmethanfarbstoffen (1963) J. Prakt. Chem., 20, pp. 320-322Bennett, G.M., Brooks, G.L., Glasstone, S., The dissociation constants of the monohalogenated anilines and phenols (1935) J. Chem. Soc., pp. 1821-1826Isaacs, N.S., (1987) Physical Organic Chemistry, p. 134. , New York, J. Wiley & SonsCohen, J.B., Crabtree, H.G., Structure and colour of the Azine Scarlets (1921) J. Chem. Soc., 119, pp. 2055-2070Yun, H.S., Synthesis of m-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylaniline derivatives (1974) Yakhak Hoe Chi, 18, pp. 161-164(1975) Chem. Abstr., 83, pp. 42952fFox, G.J., Hallas, G., Hepworth, J.D., Paskins, K.N., Para-Bromination of aromatic amines: 4-brorno-N,N-dimethyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)anilin (1976) Org. Synth., 55, pp. 20-23Wunderer, H., Zur synthese von iod-3-aminophenolen (1973) Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim, Ger.), 306, pp. 371-381Amery, G.W., Corbett, J.P., The synthesis and identification of some N-methylated aminonitrophenols (1967) J. Chem. Soc. C., pp. 1053-1057Le Bris, M.T., Synthesis and properties of some 7-dimethylamino-1,4-benzoxazin-2-ones (1985) J. Heterocyclic Chem., 22, pp. 1275-1280Chen, F.C., Chang, C.T., Synthesis of 7-halogenoflavone and related compounds (1958) J. Chem. Soc., pp. 146-15

Synthesis of some new o-substituted arylcarbamates and related compounds

Seven new 2-substituted-5-N',N'-dimethylaminophenyl N,N-dimethylcarbamates and three other compounds of similar structures have been synthesized aiming at obtaining potent anti-ChE agents. It has been found that the 2-substituents, regardless of their character, decrease the biological activity of the carbamates. (C) 1997 Academic Press.251374