The economic pitfalls and barriers of the sustainable tourism concept in the case of national parks

financial management;sustainable development;tourism;national parks

Sustainable tourism and policy

tourism;sustainable development;government policy;rural development

Identification of ‘wasteful commuting’ using search theory

In this paper, we employ search theory as a micro-economic foundation for the wasteful commuting hypothesis. In the empirical analysis, the extent of the ‘wasteful commuting’ is identified by comparing the commute of employees and self-employed individuals who do not work from home. It is argued that the commute of the self-employed is the result of a search process for vacant workplaces, whereas employees search for vacant jobs. Because the arrival rate of workplaces exceeds the arrival rate of jobs, the self-employed have a shorter commute. We find that 35% of the commuting time may be considered ‘wasteful’ and reject alternative hypotheses why the self-employed have a shorter commute.

Identification of 'wasteful commuting' using search theory

In this paper, we employ search theory as a micro-economic foundation for the wasteful commuting hypothesis. In the empirical analysis, the extent of the 'wasteful commuting' is identified by comparing the commute of employees and self-employed individuals who do not work from home. It is argued that the commute of the self-employed is the result of a search process for vacant workplaces, whereas employees search for vacant jobs. Because the arrival rate of workplaces exceeds the arrival rate of jobs, the self-employed have a shorter commute. We find that 35% of the commuting time may be considered 'wasteful' and reject alternative hypotheses why the self-employed have a shorter commute

The Costs and Benefits of Providing Open Space in Cities

Although many researchers have investigated the value of open space in cities, few of them have compared them to the costs of providing this amenity. In this paper, we use the monocentric model of a city to derive a simple cost-benefit rule for the optimal provision of open space. The rule is essentially the Samuelson-condition for the optimal provision of a public good, with the price of land as the appropriate indicator for its cost. The condition is made operational by computing the willingness to pay for public and private space on the basis of empirical hedonic price functions for three Dutch cities. The conclusions with respect to the optimal provision of open space differ between the three cities. Further investigation reveals that willingness to pay for parks and public gardens increases with income, although not as fast as that for private residential space

The correlations between the spin frequencies and kHz QPOs of Neutron Stars in LMXBs

We studied the correlations between spin frequencies and kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in neutron star low mass X-ray binaries. The updated data of kHz QPOs and spin frequencies are statistically analyzed. We found that when two simultaneous kHz QPOs are present in the power spectrum, the minimum frequency of upper kHz QPO is at least 1.3 times larger than the spin frequency, i.e. \nu_{s}<\nu_{2min}/1.3. We also found that the average kHz QPO peak separation in 6 Atoll sources anti-correlates with the spin frequency in the form \lan\dn\ran = -(0.19\pm0.05)\ns+(389.40\pm21.67)Hz. If we shifted this correlation in the direction of the peak separation by a factor of 1.5, this correlation matches the data points of the two accretion powered millisecond X-ray pulsars, SAX J1808.4-3658 and XTE J1807-294.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&