905 research outputs found
The Pharmacological Potential of Mushrooms
This review describes pharmacologically active compounds from mushrooms. Compounds and complex substances with antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiallergic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and central activities are covered, focusing on the review of recent literature. The production of mushrooms or mushroom compounds is discussed briefly
Teegi: Tangible EEG Interface
We introduce Teegi, a Tangible ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) Interface that
enables novice users to get to know more about something as complex as brain
signals, in an easy, en- gaging and informative way. To this end, we have
designed a new system based on a unique combination of spatial aug- mented
reality, tangible interaction and real-time neurotech- nologies. With Teegi, a
user can visualize and analyze his or her own brain activity in real-time, on a
tangible character that can be easily manipulated, and with which it is
possible to interact. An exploration study has shown that interacting with
Teegi seems to be easy, motivating, reliable and infor- mative. Overall, this
suggests that Teegi is a promising and relevant training and mediation tool for
the general public.Comment: to appear in UIST-ACM User Interface Software and Technology
Symposium, Oct 2014, Honolulu, United State
Sleep Analytics and Online Selective Anomaly Detection
We introduce a new problem, the Online Selective Anomaly Detection (OSAD), to
model a specific scenario emerging from research in sleep science. Scientists
have segmented sleep into several stages and stage two is characterized by two
patterns (or anomalies) in the EEG time series recorded on sleep subjects.
These two patterns are sleep spindle (SS) and K-complex. The OSAD problem was
introduced to design a residual system, where all anomalies (known and unknown)
are detected but the system only triggers an alarm when non-SS anomalies
appear. The solution of the OSAD problem required us to combine techniques from
both machine learning and control theory. Experiments on data from real
subjects attest to the effectiveness of our approach.Comment: Submitted to 20th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and
Data Mining 201
Diagnosis by Documentary: Professional Responsibilities in Informal Encounters
Most work addressing clinical workers' professional responsibilities concerns the norms of conduct within established professional-patient relationships, but such responsibilities may extend beyond the clinical context. We explore health workers' professional responsibilities in such "informal" encounters through the example of a doctor witnessing the misdiagnosis and mistreatment of a serious long-term condition in a television documentary, arguing that neither internalist approaches to professional responsibility (such as virtue ethics or care ethics) nor externalist ones (such as the "social contract" model) provide sufficiently clear guidance in such situations. We propose that a mix of both approaches, emphasizing the noncomplacency and practical wisdom of virtue ethics, but grounding the normative authority of virtue in an external source, is able to engage with the health worker's responsibilities in such situations to the individual, the health care system, and the population at large
Webteaching: sequencing of subject matter in relation to prior knowledge of pupils
Two experiments are discussed in which the sequencing procedure of webteaching is compared with a linear sequence for the presentation of text material.\ud
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In the first experiment variations in the level of prior knowledge of pupils were studied for their influence on the sequencing mode of text presentation. Prior knowledge greatly reduced the effect of the size of sequencing procedures.\ud
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In the second experiment pupils with a low level of prior knowledge studied a text, following either a websequence or a linear sequence. Webteaching was superior to linear teaching on a number of dependent variables. It is concluded that webteaching is an effective sequencing procedure in those cases where substantial new learning is required
Metabolic re-programming in confrontations of Colletotrichum graminicola and Aspergillus nidulans with Bacillus biocontrol agents
We established confrontations between two different fungi, i.e., the maize anthracnose and stalk rot pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola, and the ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, and different biocontrol species, i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. In all fungus–bacterium confrontations tested, growth arrest and, thus, distance inhibition was observed on solid substrata. LC–MS/MS analyses of culture filtrates suggested formation of several metabolites only synthesized in confrontations. Interestingly, microscopy of fungal hyphae grown in liquid medium showed protrusions and color changes occurred only in media harboring fungus-bacterium confrontations. These observations indicate metabolic re-programming and suggest formation of putative secondary metabolites in interactions involving microbial biocontrol agents
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