A typology of homicides: an investigation of Megargee's theory of control

In an attempt to explain why some mild mannered individuals commit extremely assaultive offences, Megargee (1966) has suggested that two personality types exist among extremely assaultive offenders, the undercontrolled who lack inhibitions against the expression of aggression and the overcontrolled who possess excessive inhibitions against such behaviour. Moderately assaultive offenders, however, are more likely to be composed soley of undercontrolled personalities according to Megargee's Theory of Control. The current study began by carrying out a cluster analysis of MMPI profiles of individuals convicted of homicide. Profile types remarkably similar to those obtained by Blackburn (l97l) from 'abnormal' homicides at Broadmoor were obtained which appeared to represent two broad categories of overcontrolled and undercontrolled individuals. A second cluster analysis of MMPI profiles from a random group of predominantly non-violent prisoners revealed, however, similar types. The results of a cluster analysis of WI profiles of non-criminals also challenged Megargee's theory as a profile type was produced which was similar to that found amongst extremely assaultive offenders, and which had previously been described as overcontrolled. The suggestion was made that 'controlled' was a more appropriate term than 'overcontrolled' and the validity of a controlled-undercontrolled typology was examined by contrasting controlled and undercontrolled homicides on a variety of background, intellectual, behavioural and attitudinal variables. In general support was found for the typology, particularly on prison oriented behavioural measures. The implications of the findings for the control and treatment of controlled and undercontrolled prisoners were discussed and a short MMPI scale which discriminated between these groups was developed, and tentatively named the Undercontrolled Personality Scale

A payroll business model for the future

The context of this research is broadly focused since it is based on payroll business models, which sit predominantly within Human Resource or Finance functions. This research is not about defining the operational detail of how a payroll service is delivered. It is about the core strategic elements of a model that will strengthen payroll as a competitive business model for the joint venture company and other organisations. Strategies emerge as people come to learn about a situation and the capabilities of their firm to deal with them (Mintzberg et al, 1998). Mintzberg’s thinking encapsulates the essence of this research in that it has identified the challenging perceptual paradigm shift, that is, to transform the thinking of payroll as a mere transactional cost based activity to one that is perceived as a core business activity with multiple potential when combined with associated technology and integration with other business functions. It provides a competency set that can be sold in the market place as a unique selling position to deliver what others may consider as blue sky thinking i.e. a mere wish or dream

Perspective: The first ten years of broadband chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy

Since its invention in 2006, the broadband chirped pulse Fourier transform spectrometer has transformed the field of microwave spectroscopy. The technique enables the collection of a ≥10 GHz bandwidth spectrum in a single shot of the spectrometer, which allows broadband, high-resolution microwave spectra to be acquired several orders of magnitude faster than what was previously possible. We discuss the advantages and challenges associated with the technique and look back on the first ten years of chirped pulse Fourier transform spectroscopy. In addition to enabling faster-than-ever structure determination of increasingly complex species, the technique has given rise to an assortment of entirely new classes of experiments, ranging from chiral sensing by three-wave mixing to microwave detection of multichannel reaction kinetics. However, this is only the beginning. Future generations of microwave experiments will make increasingly creative use of frequency-agile pulse sequences for the coherent manipulation and interrogation of molecular dynamics.United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, & Biosciences Division (Grant DE-FG0287ER13671)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant CHE-1361865)Petroleum Research Fund (Grant 50650-ND6

Réponse de la direction aux examens externes des programmes de la Politique sociale et économique intitulés Gouvernance, sécurité et justice et Croissance pour tous

Version anglaise disponible dans la Bibliothèque numérique du CRDI: Management response to the external reviews of the Social and Economic Policy programs on Governance, Security and Justice, and Supporting Inclusive Growt

Management response to the external review of the Information and Networks program

French version available in IDRC Digital Library: Réponse de la direction à l’examen externe du programme Information et réseauxManagement is satisfied with the conduct and findings of the external review and the results of the program. Review recommendations were incorporated into the proposed Networked Economies program. Along with the key learnings outlined, three important lessons emerge from the review: the importance of long-term, persistent support for ideas and partners, the engagement and commitment of professional and competent staff, and making periodic, intentional changes in program strategy. Management concurs that openness, rights, and inclusion continue to be relevant themes in the information and networks field. The proposed Networked Economies program will test and adapt promising innovations and strengthen the enabling environment for innovation