971 research outputs found
Learning on a Budget via Teacher Imitation
Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques can benefit greatly from leveraging prior experience, which can be either self-generated or acquired from other entities. Action advising is a framework that provides a flexible way to transfer such knowledge in the form of actions between teacher-student peers. However, due to the realistic concerns, the number of these interactions is limited with a budget; therefore, it is crucial to perform these in the most appropriate moments. There have been several promising studies recently that address this problem setting especially from the student's perspective. Despite their success, they have some shortcomings when it comes to the practical applicability and integrity as an overall solution to the learning from advice challenge. In this paper, we extend the idea of advice reusing via teacher imitation to construct a unified approach that addresses both advice collection and advice utilisation problems. We also propose a method to automatically tune the relevant hyperparameters of these components on-the-fly to make it able to adapt to any task with minimal human intervention. The experiments we performed in 5 different Atari games verify that our algorithm either surpasses or performs on-par with its top competitors while being far simpler to be employed. Furthermore, its individual components are also found to be providing significant advantages alone
Lung donation after circulatory death
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The current review presents a concise update on published literature on donation after circulatory death (DCD) and lung transplantation (LTx). Worldwide an increasing need for lungs is evident, however the utilization rate of DCD lung donors is still considerably low. In this summary article, we reviewed both the experimental background and international clinical experience.
RECENT FINDINGS
Our analysis confirmed satisfactory results for LTx from DCD donors, which equals the results from donation after brain death. Although most studies reported on short-term results, some confirmed these results on the long-term and development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Our review summarizes the different DCD categories and underlines the potential of the DCD V category. We analyze the barriers to implement a DCD program, discuss the more recent advances like ex-vivo lung perfusion and describe the future challenges.
SUMMARY
Based on the current short-term and long-term clinical results, we believe that barriers for DCD utilization should be overcome, resulting in a safe implementation of more DCD LTx programs worldwide. VIDEO ABSTRACT
A Comparison of the Financial Characteristics of NAFTA and Latin American Manufacturing Firms
Comparing the financial characteristics of firms in different countries and different regions has been a popular research topic in finance. However, NAFTA and Latin American manufacturing firms have never been compared. In this paper, we undertake such a study with the MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) method and with data drawn from the Research Insight/Global Vintage database in October 2015. Our findings indicate that NAFTA manufacturing firms have less liquidity risk, but more financial risk, compared with Latin American Manufacturing firms. NAFTA manufacturing firms have significantly higher returns on equity due to achieving higher returns on assets and using more financial leverage. Latin American manufacturing firms have more efficient inventory management. However, NAFTA manufacturing firms have more efficient accounts receivable management and total assets management
Polarized Proton Beams from Laser-induced Plasmas
We report on the concept of an innovative source to produce polarized
proton/deuteron beams of a kinetic energy up to several GeV from a laser-driven
plasma accelerator. Spin effects have been implemented into the PIC simulation
code VLPL to make theoretical predictions about the behavior of proton spins in
laser-induced plasmas. Simulations of spin-polarized targets show that the
polarization is conserved during the acceleration process. For the experimental
realization, a polarized HCl gas-jet target is under construction using the
fundamental wavelength of a Nd:YAG laser system to align the HCl bonds and
simultaneously circular polarized light of the fifth harmonic to
photo-dissociate, yielding nuclear polarized H atoms. Subsequently, their
degree of polarization is measured with a Lamb-shift polarimeter. The final
experiments, aiming at the first observation of a polarized particle beam from
laser-generated plasmas, will be carried out at the 10 PW laser system SULF at
SIOM/Shanghai.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Spherical probes for simultaneous measurement of rotational and translational diffusion in 3 dimensions
Real time visualization and tracking of colloidal particles with 3D
resolution is essential for probing the local structure and dynamics in complex
fluids. Although tracking translational motion of spherical colloids is
well-known, accessing rotational dynamics of such particles remains a great
challenge. Here, we report a novel approach of using fluorescently labeled
raspberry-like colloids with an optical anisotropy to concurrently track
translational and rotational dynamics in 3 dimensions. The raspberry-like
particles are coated by a silica layer of adjustable thickness, which allows
tuning the surface roughness. The synthesis and applicability of the proposed
method is demonstrated by two types of probes: rough and smoothened. The
accuracy of measuring Mean Squared (Angular) Displacements are also
demonstrated by using these 2 probes dispersed in 2 different solvents. The
presented 3D trackable colloids offer a high potential for wide range of
applications and studies, such as probing crystallization dynamics, phase
transitions and the effect of surface roughness on diffusion
CHILDRENâS EMOTION REGULATION AND ATTACHMENT TO PARENTS: PARENTAL EMOTION SOCIALIZATION AS MODERATOR
We examined the associations among parental emotion socialization, and childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. In particular, we examined the moderating role of parental emotion socialization in the relationship between childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. Participants were 78 Turkish children (49 boys) aged from 60 to 77 months and their parents. Parents reported on the socialization strategies they used for their childrenâs emotions and on their childrenâs emotion regulation, and we assessed childrenâs attachment to parents via the Doll Story Completion Task. Results revealed that parentsâ minimization reaction to childrenâs emotions moderated the association between childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. When parentsâ response was punitive, children with poor emotion regulation displayed stronger attachment to parents than children with robust emotion regulation. In addition, girls had a more secure attachment than boys to parents. Our results highlight the importance of childrenâs emotion regulation and parental emotion socialization for childrenâs secure early attachment to parents
CHILDRENâS EMOTION REGULATION AND ATTACHMENT TO PARENTS: PARENTAL EMOTION SOCIALIZATION AS MODERATOR
We examined the associations among parental emotion socialization, and childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. In particular, we examined the moderating role of parental emotion socialization in the relationship between childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. Participants were 78 Turkish children (49 boys) aged from 60 to 77 months and their parents. Parents reported on the socialization strategies they used for their childrenâs emotions and on their childrenâs emotion regulation, and we assessed childrenâs attachment to parents via the Doll Story Completion Task. Results revealed that parentsâ minimization reaction to childrenâs emotions moderated the association between childrenâs emotion regulation and attachment to parents. When parentsâ response was punitive, children with poor emotion regulation displayed stronger attachment to parents than children with robust emotion regulation. In addition, girls had a more secure attachment than boys to parents. Our results highlight the importance of childrenâs emotion regulation and parental emotion socialization for childrenâs secure early attachment to parents
Bridged graphite oxide materials
Bridged graphite oxide material comprising graphite sheets bridged by at least one diamine bridging group. The bridged graphite oxide material may be incorporated in polymer composites or used in adsorption media
Challenges for social media: Misinformation, free speech, civic engagement, and data regulations
Social media has arguably brought one of the greatest changes to Internet communication since the invention of the Web but challenges as well. Apart from helping people to have access and to exchange information, social media has also been used to spread misinformation, hate speech, and the userâgenerated data is adopted for targeted commercial and political advertising based on personal profiles. Moreover, the most popular applications available are owned by a small number of companies who may have an undue influence on how civic engagement takes place on their platforms. In this panel, four panelists will discuss the following: misinformation and the role of pseudoâcognitive authorities; hate speech and Germanyâs Network Enforcement Act (NetzGD); civic engagement and market capture by social media companies; and finally, personal data processing and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). We intend to raise interesting questions helping to understand these issues, and to find solutions for the beneficial use of information technologies as well as to scope out all its advantages.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147854/1/pra214505501076.pd
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