2,200 research outputs found
Multidimensional Sequence Alignment Methods for Activity Pattern Analysis: A comparison of dynamic programming and genetic algorithms
FCNC and CP Violation Observables in a SU(3)-flavoured MSSM
A non-Abelian flavour symmetry in a minimal supersymmetric standard model can
explain the flavour structures in the Yukawa couplings and simultaneously solve
the SUSY flavour problem. Similarly the SUSY CP problem can be solved if CP is
spontaneously broken in the flavour sector. In this work, we present an
explicit example of these statements with a SU(3) flavour symmetry and
spontaneous CP violation. In addition, we show that it is still possible to
find some significant deviation from the SM expectations as far as FCNC and CP
violation are concerned. We find that large contributions can be expected in
lepton flavour violating decays, as and , electric dipole moments, and and kaon CP violating
processes as . Thus, these flavoured MSSM realizations are
phenomenologically sensitive to the experimental searches in the realm of
flavor and CP vioation physics.Comment: 56 pages, 12 figures; included new NLO contributions to nEDM from
charged Higgs, relevant figures updated, and analysis of O(1) coefficients;
added appendices and reference
QED corrections to isospin-related decay rates of charged and neutral B mesons
We estimate the isospin-violating QED radiative corrections to the
charged-to-neutral ratios of the decay rates for B^+ and B^0 in non-leptonic B
meson decays. In particular, these corrections are potentially important for
precision measurement of the charged-to-neutral production ratio of B meson in
e^+e^- annihilation. We calculate explicitly the QED corrections to the ratios
of two different types of decay rates \Gamma(B^+ \to J/\psi K^+)/\Gamma(B^0 \to
J/\psi K^0) and \Gamma(B^+ \to D^+_S \bar{D^0})/\Gamma(B^0 \to D^+_S D^-)
taking into account the form factors of the mesons based on the vector meson
dominance model, and compare them with the results obtained for the point-like
mesons.Comment: 7 pages, 9 eps figure
Capturing the essence of folding and functions of biomolecules using Coarse-Grained Models
The distances over which biological molecules and their complexes can
function range from a few nanometres, in the case of folded structures, to
millimetres, for example during chromosome organization. Describing phenomena
that cover such diverse length, and also time scales, requires models that
capture the underlying physics for the particular length scale of interest.
Theoretical ideas, in particular, concepts from polymer physics, have guided
the development of coarse-grained models to study folding of DNA, RNA, and
proteins. More recently, such models and their variants have been applied to
the functions of biological nanomachines. Simulations using coarse-grained
models are now poised to address a wide range of problems in biology.Comment: 37 pages, 8 figure
Fundamental trade-off between the speed of light and the Fano factor of photon current in three-level lambda systems
Electromagnetically induced slow-light medium is a promising system for
quantum memory devices, but controlling its noise level remains a major
challenge to overcome. This work considers the simplest model for such medium,
comprised of three-level -systems interacting with bosonic bath, and
provides a new fundamental trade-off relation in light-matter interaction
between the group velocity of light and the Fano factor of photon current due
to radiative transitions. Considering the steady state limits of a newly
derived Lindblad-type equation, we find that the Fano factor of the photon
current maximizes to 3 at the minimal group velocity of light, which holds true
universally regardless of detailed values of parameters characterizing the
medium.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
Lyman alpha line formation in starbursting galaxies II. Extremely Thick, Dustless, and Static HI Media
The Lya line transfer in an extremely thick medium of neutral hydrogen is
investigated by adopting an accelerating scheme in our Monte Carlo code to skip
a large number of core or resonant scatterings. This scheme reduces computing
time significantly with no sacrifice in the accuracy of the results. We applied
this numerical method to the Lya transfer in a static, uniform, dustless, and
plane-parallel medium. Two types of photon sources have been considered, the
midplane source and the uniformly distributed sources. The emergent profiles
show double peaks and absorption trough at the line-center. We compared our
results with the analytic solutions derived by previous researchers, and
confirmed that both solutions are in good agreement with each other. We
investigated the directionality of the emergent Lya photons and found that limb
brightening is observed in slightly thick media while limb darkening appears in
extremely thick media. The behavior of the directionality is noted to follow
that of the Thomson scattered radiation in electron clouds, because both Lya
wing scattering and Thomson scattering share the same Rayleigh scattering phase
function. The mean number of wing scatterings just before escape is in exact
agreement with the prediction of the diffusion approximation. The Lya photons
constituting the inner part of the emergent profiles follow the relationship
derived from the diffusion approximation. We present a brief discussion on the
application of our results to the formation of Lya broad absorption troughs and
P-Cygni type Lya profiles seen in the UV spectra of starburst galaxies.Comment: 24 papges, 12 figures, The revised version submitted to Ap
Review of Current Literature for Prostatic Artery Embolization
Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is an emerging, novel interventional technique in the management of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BPH is a common clinical condition in middle-aged and elderly men resulting in LUTS, including nocturia, urinary frequency, urgency, decreased urinary flow rates, hesitancy, and incomplete bladder emptying. Traditionally, LUTSs have been managed by medical or surgical therapies. Since the initial incidental discovery that selective PAE performed for uncontrolled bleeding secondary to BPH resulted in improved LUTS, the technique has continually evolved with a growing body of evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. However, despite the available data, PAE has yet to be established as a standard-of-care treatment option for patients with LUTS/BPH. In this article, the authors review the history and current state of PAE, including published data from case reports, animal studies, retrospective/prospective cohort studies, and prospective randomized controlled trials
Experimental Study of Transitional Flow Behavior in a Simulated Low Pressure Turbine
A detailed investigation of the flow physics occurring on the suction side of a simulated Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) blade was performed. A contoured upper wall was designed to simulate the pressure distribution of an actual LPT airfoil onto a flat lower plate. The experiments were carried out for the Reynolds numbers of 35,000, 70,000, 100,000 and 250,000 with four levels of freestream turbulence ranging from 1% to 4%. For the three lower Reynolds numbers, the boundary layer on the flat plate was separated and formed a bubble. The size of laminar separation bubble was measured to be inversely proportional to the freestream turbulence levels and Reynolds numbers. However, no separation was observed for the Re = 250,000 case. The transition on a separated flow was found to proceed through the formation of turbulent spots in the free shear layer as evidenced in the intermittency profiles for Re = 35,000, 70,000 and 100,000. Spectral data show no evidence of Kelvin-Helmholtz or Tollmien-Schlichting instability waves in the free shear layer over a separation bubble (bypass transition). However, the flow visualization revealed the large vortex structures just outside of the bubble and their development to turbulent flow for Re = 50,000, which is similar to that in the free shear layer (separated-flow transition). Therefore, it is fair to say that the bypass and separated-flow transition modes coexist in the transitional flows over the separation bubble for certain conditions. Transition onset and end locations and length determined from intermittency profiles decrease as Reynolds number and freestream turbulence levels increase
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