Conceptualization in the circular economy: analysing the influence of thinking profiles in creative groups

Eco-innovation initiatives include eco-ideation processes for proposing ideas that are innovative and represent an environmental improvement. The evaluation of the results of eco-ideation has been focused on evaluating these two aspects, but it is necessary to know how related factors, such as the thinking profile of group members, influence the generation of concepts during the creative process. This study proposes a metric that analyses the results of the creative process within conceptualization from three approaches: innovation, circularity and group activity. The group activity approach is related to the influence of the leader in the management of a creative group. The proposed metric allows us to observe the creative process, the interactions among the participants, the design decisions made, and the evaluation of the creative product which will determine which type of creative groups obtain better results. The application of the results and the proposed metric allow the creation of groups oriented to objectives, for both specific or permanent workgroups. This can be used for the initial selection of participants for eco-ideation groups, or to improve the group functionality during intermediate stages

High Efficiency Si Solar Cells Characterization Using

Abstract. Impedance Spectroscopy has been used to analyse commercial Si photovoltaic solar cells, to obtain information about minority carrier lifetimes, series and parallel resistances, and acceptor impurity densities. Silicon solar cells efficiencies ranging between 17 and 18% from different manufacturers have been analysed obtaining differences mainly in the electron lifetimes and doping densities. Relations between these parameters and DC curves are discussedMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad under project TEC2013-4835-

Synthesis and structural characterization of the luminescent tetranuclear complex [NBu4]2[(C6F5)6(μ-OH)3Pt3HgCl] with Pt-Hg bonds unsupported by covalent bridging ligands

The tetranuclear cluster [NBu4]2[(C6F5)6(-OH)3Pt3HgCl] is obtained by reacting the mononuclear platinum complex [NBu4]2[Pt(C6F5)3Cl] with Hg(NO3)2 followed by appropriate work-up. The X-ray study reveals that the compound possesses three donor-acceptor PtHg bonds unsupported by any covalent bridges. The crystallographic parameters are: monoclinic, P21/n with a=11.9770(10), b=26.092(3), c=24.991(2) Å, =92.900(10)°, Dcalc=2.009 Mg m-3 for Z=4 and R=0.076 utilizing 13 657 data with Fo22(Fo2). The UV-vis spectrum of the solid sample has been studied revealing that the compound is strongly luminescent. © 2000 Elsevier Science S.A

Promoting sustainable consumption in Higher Education Institutions through integrative co-creative processes involving relevant stakeholders

The United Nations proposes to ensure a sustainable future for all through the Sustainable Development Goals, assigning a new role to each individual in all sectors of society. Higher Education Institutions are outstanding agents of change, introducing and implementing sustainability in a holistic way, connecting people, and including social and institutional considerations, with students being a key component of change. This study presents a co-creation model to incorporate sustainability in Higher Education Institutions, integrating all members of the university community with a multidisciplinary approach, seeking to address global needs with development tools for new products and services to facilitate the transition of consumers towards responsible consumption. The model aims to analyze the daily consumption pattern of the community at the university, to identify the degree of commitment to sustainability of its members, and to co-create in search of solutions related to responsible consumption and production. This is achieved through five phases of a model, each with specific tasks and objectives based on co-creation processes and tools. As a result, the model enables stakeholders to understand the needs of their community by actively participating within the five phases for developing more democratic solutions and social involvement regarding sustainability issues that can be solved through a co-creative process. The model combines the benefits through ethnographic techniques to discover habits, tools to involve participation, and co-creation to manage complex problems. Future research will focus on the application of the proposed model to more generalist contexts of society, addressing potential challenges due to vertical collaboration and barriers pre-established by society for the adoption of a sustainable lifestyle

A rapidly-reversible absorptive and emissive vapochromic Pt(II) pincer-based chemical sensor

Selective, robust and cost-effective chemical sensors for detecting small volatile-organic compounds (VOCs) have widespread applications in industry, healthcare and environmental monitoring. Here we design a Pt(II) pincer-type material with selective absorptive and emissive responses to methanol and water. The yellow anhydrous form converts reversibly on a subsecond timescale to a red hydrate in the presence of parts-per-thousand levels of atmospheric water vapour. Exposure to methanol induces a similarly-rapid and reversible colour change to a blue methanol solvate. Stable smart coatings on glass demonstrate robust switching over 104 cycles, and flexible microporous polymer membranes incorporating microcrystals of the complex show identical vapochromic behaviour. The rapid vapochromic response can be rationalised from the crystal structure, and in combination with quantum-chemical modelling, we provide a complete microscopic picture of the switching mechanism. We discuss how this multiscale design approach can be used to obtain new compounds with tailored VOC selectivity and spectral responses

Synthesis and characterization of mono and heteropolynuclear luminescent alkynyl platinum diphenylphosphinous acid/phosphinite complexes

The novel anionic mononuclear cis-bis(alkynyl) platinum complexes with a chelated diphenylphosphinous acid/diphenylphosphinite (NBu4)[cis-Pt(C6;CR)2{(PPh2O) 2H}] (R=But 1a, Ph 1b) have been prepared by treatment of [cis-Pt(C6;CR)2COD] with PPh2(O)H and (NBu4)(acac) in a 1:2:1 molar ratio. The molecular structure of 1a has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Neutralization reactions of complexes 1 with 1 equiv. of AgClO4 or CuTfO (TfO=triflate) produce tetranuclear dimetallic complexes [cis-Pt{(PPh2O)2H}(-C :2-CCR)2M]2 (M=Ag, 2a, 2b; M=Cu 3a, 3b), in which each anionic fragment {Pt}(CCR)2- ({Pt}=Pt{(PPh2O)2H}) acts as a -2:2 bridging ligand towards two different silver(I) or copper(I) centres. Finally, the reactions of (NBu4){Pt}(CCR)2 1 with [CuCl]n produce heterodinuclear platinum(II)-copper(I) complexes (NBu4)[cis-Pt{(PPh2O)2H}(-C :2-CCR)2CuCl] (4a, 4b), in which both alkyne units are 2-coordinated side-on to the copper(I) chloride. All complexes are emissive in frozen CH2Cl2 solutions. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Discrete Triangle, Square and Hexametallic Alkynyl Cyano-Bridged Compounds Based on [cis-Pt(C=CR)2(CN)2]2- Building Blocks

Novel mixed bis(alkynyl)-bis(cyano)platinate(II) species [cis-Pt(CCR2(CN)2]2- (1a: R = tBu, 1b: R = Ph) have been prepared and their potential as building blocks in the generation of self-organized systems with a variable molecular architecture has been studied. The reaction of 1 with the ditopic acceptor species [{cis-Pt(C6F5)2S}2(dppa)] (dppa = diphenyl-phosphinoacetylene) gave the dianionic cyanide/dppa bridged molecular platinotriangles (NBu4)2[(C6F5) 2Pt(-dppa){(-CN)2Pt(CCR) 2}Pt(C6F5)2] (2). X-ray analysis of 2a confirmed that the "Pt2(C6F5) 4(-dppa)" binuclear moiety is connected to the dianionic "Pt(CCR)2(CN)2" unit by two bridging cyanide ligands. Moreover, treatment of 1 with the solvent cationic species [M(cod)(acetone)2]+ afforded heterometallic molecular squares Pt2M2 (M = Rh, Ir) containing cyanide bridges and terminal alkynyl ligands, (NBu4)2[cyclo{[cis-Pt(CCR) 2(-CN)2][M(cod)]}2] (3: M=Rh, 4: M = Ir). The solid-state structures of phenyl derivatives have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The terminal alkynyl ligands in these cyanide-bridged molecular squares 3 and 4, have been used in the assembly of higher multimetallic complexes. Thus, very unusual bis(double-alkynide) -cyanide-bridged hexametallic compounds (NBu4)2[{(C6F 5)2Pt (-C CPh)2(-CN) 2}2{M(cod)}2] (5b: M = Rh, 6b: M = Ir) were easily formed by simple reactions of 3b and 4b with two equivalents of [cis-Pt(C 6F5)2(thf)2]. An X-ray diffraction study on complex 5b indicated that the derivative was formed by a simultaneous migration of one -alkynyl group from each "Pt(C CPh) 2(-CN)2" corner of the square to both "Pt(C6F5)2" units, resulting in bent ,-double-alkynyl bridging systems. Finally, the novel supramolecular anionic assemblies (NBu4)4[cyclo{[cis-Pt(CCR) 2(-CN)2][SnPh3]}4] 7 have been obtained by self-assembly of 1 and [SnPh3(acetone)2] +

Método iterativo para el cálculo de mallas tesas

This paper describes an iterative method for the design calculation of stressed cable nets, which> enables to attain a solution as close to the theoretical one as desired, with the only simplification of regarding the cables as being straight between knots. The method has been succesfuUy tested by the authors, even for very flat nets.<br><br>El artículo indica un método iterativo para el cálculo de mallas tesas que permite aproximar tanto como se desee, la solución teórica exacta, con la única simplificación de considerar los cables rectos entre cada dos nudos. El método ha sido probado por los autores con éxito, incluso en mallas muy planas