Intermediate Inflation in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke Theory

We present an intermediate inflationary stage in a Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory. In this scenario we analyze the quantum fluctuations corresponding to adiabatic and isocurvature modes. The model is compared to that described by using the intermediate model in Einstein General Relativity theory. We assess the status of this model in light of the WMAP7 data.Comment: Proceedings of I CosmoSul - Cosmology and Gravitation in Southern Cone (Rio de Janeiro, 2011). Eds: J. S. Alcaniz, S. Carneiro, L. P. Chimento, S. del Campo, J. C. Fabris, J. A. S. Lima and W. Zimdah

CID overview

On December 1, 1984, NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) conducted the first remotely piloted air-to-ground crash test of a transport category aircraft. The Full-Scale Transport Controlled Impact Demonstration (CID) was the culmination of 4 years of effort by the two agencies. NASA and the FAA had many objectives during the joint planning and execution of the Controlled Impact Demonstration. The structural loads experiment was very successful. Ninety-seven percent of the channels were active at impact. The data is still being assessed. Only a portion of the data is presented here; approximately 80 channels of data are available. Analysis of the remaining data is in progress. Interior photography was also very successful. One hundred percent of the cameras functioned. The film contains unique information on the development of fire and smoke in the interior of the aircraft. From a human tolerance point of view, the CID was simulation of a survivable crash

Multiplicity of the saturated special fiber ring of height two perfect ideals

Let $R$ be a polynomial ring and $I \subset R$ be a perfect ideal of height two minimally generated by forms of the same degree. We provide a formula for the multiplicity of the saturated special fiber ring of $I$. Interestingly, this formula is equal to an elementary symmetric polynomial in terms of the degrees of the syzygies of $I$. Applying ideas introduced in arXiv:1805.05180, we obtain the value of the j-multiplicity of $I$ and an effective method for determining the degree and birationality of rational maps defined by homogeneous generators of $I$.Comment: to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. So

Top-Down Mass Analysis of Protein Tyrosine Nitration: Comparison of Electron Capture Dissociation with “Slow-Heating” Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods

Tyrosine nitration in proteins is an important post-translational modification (PTM) linked to various pathological conditions. When multiple potential sites of nitration exist, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods provide unique tools to locate the nitro-tyrosine(s) precisely. Electron capture dissociation (ECD) is a powerful MS/MS method, different in its mechanisms to the “slow-heating” threshold fragmentation methods, such as collision-induced dissociation (CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD). Generally, ECD provides more homogeneous cleavage of the protein backbone and preserves labile PTMs. However recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that ECD of doubly charged nitrated peptides is inhibited by the large electron affinity of the nitro group, while CID efficiency remains unaffected by nitration. Here, we have investigated the efficiency of ECD versus CID and IRMPD for top-down MS/MS analysis of multiply charged intact nitrated protein ions of myoglobin, lysozyme, and cytochrome c in a commercial Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. CID and IRMPD produced more cleavages in the vicinity of the sites of nitration than ECD. However the total number of ECD fragments was greater than those from CID or IRMPD, and many ECD fragments contained the site(s) of nitration. We conclude that ECD can be used in the top-down analysis of nitrated proteins, but precise localization of the sites of nitration may require either of the “slow-heating” methods

Large scale localization of protein phosphorylation by use of electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry.

We used on-line electron capture dissociation (ECD) for the large scale identification and localization of sites of phosphorylation. Each FT-ICR ECD event was paired with a linear ion trap collision-induced dissociation (CID) event, allowing a direct comparison of the relative merits of ECD and CID for phosphopeptide identification and site localization. Linear ion trap CID was shown to be most efficient for phosphopeptide identification, whereas FT-ICR ECD was superior for localization of sites of phosphorylation. The combination of confident CID and ECD identification and confident CID and ECD localization is particularly valuable in cases where a phosphopeptide is identified just once within a phosphoproteomics experiment

Electron Detachment Dissociation,and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimer Ions with Amino, Amidoethanol, and Sodium Carboxylate Surface Groups

Here, we investigate the effect of the structure (generation) and nature of the surface groups of different polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers on electron-mediated dissociation, either electron capture dissociation (ECD) or electron detachment dissociation (EDD), and compare the fragmentation with that observed in collision-induced dissociation (CID). ECD and EDD of the PAMAM dendrimers esulted in simple mass spectra, which are straightforward to interpret, whereas CID produced complex mass spectra. The results show that electron-mediated dissociation (ECD and EDD) of PAMAM dendrimers does not depend on the nature of the surface group but tends to occur within the innermost generations. CID of the PAMAM dendrimers showed a strong dependence on the nature of the surface group and occurred mostly in the outer generation. The results demonstrate the potential utility of ECD and EDD as a tool for the structural analysis of PAMAM dendrimers

Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon, and Cyclospora Infections in Pediatric and Adult Patients with Diarrhea in Tanzania.

Cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, and cyclosporiasis were studied in four groups of Tanzanian inpatients: adults with AIDS-associated diarrhea, children with chronic diarrhea (of whom 23 of 59 were positive [+] for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]), children with acute diarrhea (of whom 15 of 55 were HIV+), and HIV control children without diarrhea. Cryptosporidium was identified in specimens from 6/86 adults, 5/59 children with chronic diarrhea (3/5, HIV+), 7/55 children with acute diarrhea (0/7, HIV+), and 0/20 control children. Among children with acute diarrhea, 7/7 with cryptosporidiosis were malnourished, compared with 10/48 without cryptosporidiosis (P < .01). Enterocytozoon was identified in specimens from 3/86 adults, 2/59 children with chronic diarrhea (1 HIV+), 0/55 children with acute diarrhea, and 4/20 control children. All four controls were underweight (P < .01). Cyclospora was identified in specimens from one adult and one child with acute diarrhea (HIV-). Thus, Cryptosporidium was the most frequent and Cyclospora the least frequent pathogen identified. Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon were associated with malnutrition. Asymptomatic fecal shedding of Enterocytozoon in otherwise healthy, HIV children has not been described previously