936 research outputs found
Two Higgs doublets to explain the excesses and
The two Higgs doublet model emerges as a minimal scenario in which to
address, at the same time, the excess at 750 GeV and the lepton
flavour violating decay into of the 125 GeV Higgs boson.
The price to pay is additional matter to enhance the rate, and a
peculiar pattern for the lepton Yukawa couplings. We add TeV scale vector-like
fermions and find parameter space consistent with both excesses, as well as
with Higgs and electroweak precision observables.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure; v2: discussion of tau-->mu gamma added, leading
to an additional constraint. v3: references added, figure 1 recovered and
figure 2 adde
Treatment of complex fractures of the distal radius: a prospective randomised comparison of external fixation 'versus' locked volar plating
The traditional treatment of severely impacted fractures of the distal radius involves bridging external fixation and maintaining reduction by applying continuous traction. The recent technique using fixed-angle screws within volar plates is reported restore the radial length and the articular profile whilst avoiding joint distraction. It is also believed to produce better and quicker clinical results. To test these claims, we carried out a randomised controlled comparison of the efficiency of external fixation (EF) \u27versus\u27 open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in treating severely impacted fractures of the distal radius. A total of 39 patients were treated with EF, eventually associated with percutaneous pinning, whereas 36 underwent ORIF with a locked volar plate. There was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to changes in the ulnar variance. Articular reduction was poor in two patients in the EF group with residual step-offs exceeding 2mm; another patient of the EF group suffered a secondary loss of reduction, healing with a severe articular malunion (>2mm). By contrast, articular reduction was satisfactory in all the patients of the ORIF group. The clinical results on the Green and O\u27Brien rating were significantly better in the ORIF group than in the EF group (p<0.01 at 6 weeks, p<0.05 at 6 months). Nevertheless, open reduction and volar plating did not yield better subjective results than EF. However, although not statistically significant, patients treated by ORIF seemed to resume their usual activities quicker than those treated with EF, suggesting that this technique may be adapted to a greater extent in the case of active, young individuals
Reverse wedge osteotomy of the distal radius in Madelung's deformity
Madelung\u27s deformity results from a growth defect in the palmar and ulnar region of the distal radius. It presents as an excessively inclined radial joint surface, inducing "spontaneous progressive palmar subluxation of the wrist". The principle of reverse wedge osteotomy (RWO) consists in the reorientation of the radial joint surface by taking a circumferential bone wedge, the base of which is harvested from the excess of the radial and dorsal cortical bone of the distal radius, then turning it over and putting back this reverse wedge into the osteotomy so as to obtain closure on the excess and opening on the deficient cortical bone. RWO corrects the palmar subluxation of the carpus and improves distal radio-ulnar alignment. All five bilaterally operated patients were satisfied, esthetically and functionally. Its corrective power gives RWO a place apart among the surgical techniques currently available in Madelung\u27s deformity
Total ankle arthroplasty - total ankle arthroplasty in Western France: influence of volume on complications and clinical outcome
INTRODUCTION: Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become an alternative to ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of advanced osteoarthritis. "The difficulty of performing a total ankle replacement and the corresponding steep learning curve" has resulted in a proposal "to limit ankle replacement to centers that have performed at least ten total ankle replacements for at least 3 years". The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the frequency of TAA procedures on the complications and outcome of these arthroplasties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective series included 183 cases who underwent surgery between 1997-2010 in eight centers: three high volume centers performed at least five TAA per year (100 cases) and six low volume centers performed less than five TAA per year (78 cases).
RESULTS: The clinical assessment was performed in 133 cases that were reviewed after a mean 39 months ± 29 of follow-up. The preoperative AOFAS score was 33 ± 4 and 77 ± 15 at the final follow-up. The five-year survival rate was 86%. No significant difference was found between the groups for the AOFAS score or implant survival at the final follow-up. The high volume centers experienced more complications (45% versus 13%) but fewer implant failures (8% versus 13%) overall compared to the low volume centers.
DISCUSSION: The outcome of TAA depends mainly upon the pertinence of the indication and the associated procedures that may be necessary. Rather than limiting TAA to high volume reference centers, we suggest that the assessment of each case within a predetermined area should be done in a network. This would determine the degree of specialization required for each TAA case and provide all patients with safe and equal access to this therapeutic option.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV - Retrospective study
Thermotropic Behavior of Coconut Oil During Wheat Dough Mixing: Evidence for a Solid-Liquid Phase Separation According to Mixing Temperature
Freeze fracture electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study the behavior of coconut oil during cake batter processing. The greatest modifications of fat crystallization are due to the mixing temperature of batter more than the physical state of the fat before is incorporation and the wheat flour hydration. mixing at a temperature below the melting point of coconut oil involves a liquid/solid fat segregation in the cake batter. The endogenous wheat flour lipids and proteins appear to stabilize this fat partition. These results are likely related to previous observations which correlate loaf volume and mixing temperature of wheat flour dough containing coconut oil
Stability of biocontrol products carrying Candida sake CPA-1 in starch derivatives as a function of water activity
[EN] The preservation and shelf-life of formulations of the biocontrol
agent Candida sake CPA-1 and starch derivatives as a function of
water activity (aW) were studied in terms of the physical stability
of the products and cell viability. Formulations of biocontrol
products (BCPs), based on combinations of potato starch and pregelatinised
potato starch (F1 and F2) or maltodextrines (MD) (F3)
containing cell protectants, were obtained by fluidised-bed drying.
The carriers and the formulated products were stored at 20°C
under different aW conditions. The water sorption and water
plasticization behaviour of the different products were analysed
through the water sorption isotherms and glass transition
temperatures (Tg). Likewise, the viability of C. sake over time was
determined as a function of the aW. The solubility of the products
was also assessed. Although formulations stored at 20°C and low
aW (≤ 0.33) exhibited a better shelf-life, a significant decrease in
cell survival ratio after 180 storage days was observed. Cold
storage (5°C) was required to better maintain the cell viability,
thus prolonging the shelf-life of BCPs. Formulations containing
MD were the most effective at preserving cell viability and also
exhibited the highest water solubility. All the formulations were
physically stable at ambient temperature; therefore, the cell
stability is the critical point at which to establish both the aW
levels and temperature during storage. Packaging the product
using high water vapour barrier material and under cold storage
would be necessary to ensure a high number of viable cells and
an effective and competitive BCPThe authors are grateful to the Spanish Government for the financial support from the national project RTA2012-00067-C02 (Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Spain and FEDER funds) and to the Conselleria d'Educacio of the Generalitat Valenciana, (Spain) for A. Marin's PhD grant.Marín-Gozalbo, A.; Atarés Huerta, LM.; Cháfer Nácher, MT.; Chiralt, A. (2017). Stability of biocontrol products carrying Candida sake CPA-1 in starch derivatives as a function of water activity. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 27(2):268-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2017.1279587S26828727
Multi-Jet Event Rates in Deep Inelastic Scattering and Determination of the Strong Coupling Constant
Jet event rates in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA are investigated
applying the modified JADE jet algorithm. The analysis uses data taken with the
H1 detector in 1994 and 1995. The data are corrected for detector and
hadronization effects and then compared with perturbative QCD predictions using
next-to-leading order calculations. The strong coupling constant alpha_S(M_Z^2)
is determined evaluating the jet event rates. Values of alpha_S(Q^2) are
extracted in four different bins of the negative squared momentum
transfer~\qq in the range from 40 GeV2 to 4000 GeV2. A combined fit of the
renormalization group equation to these several alpha_S(Q^2) values results in
alpha_S(M_Z^2) = 0.117+-0.003(stat)+0.009-0.013(syst)+0.006(jet algorithm).Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, this version to appear in Eur. Phys.
J.; it replaces first posted hep-ex/9807019 which had incorrect figure 4
Differential (2+1) Jet Event Rates and Determination of alpha_s in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA
Events with a (2+1) jet topology in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA are
studied in the kinematic range 200 < Q^2< 10,000 GeV^2. The rate of (2+1) jet
events has been determined with the modified JADE jet algorithm as a function
of the jet resolution parameter and is compared with the predictions of Monte
Carlo models. In addition, the event rate is corrected for both hadronization
and detector effects and is compared with next-to-leading order QCD
calculations. A value of the strong coupling constant of alpha_s(M_Z^2)=
0.118+- 0.002 (stat.)^(+0.007)_(-0.008) (syst.)^(+0.007)_(-0.006) (theory) is
extracted. The systematic error includes uncertainties in the calorimeter
energy calibration, in the description of the data by current Monte Carlo
models, and in the knowledge of the parton densities. The theoretical error is
dominated by the renormalization scale ambiguity.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys.
Multiplicity Structure of the Hadronic Final State in Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
The multiplicity structure of the hadronic system X produced in
deep-inelastic processes at HERA of the type ep -> eXY, where Y is a hadronic
system with mass M_Y< 1.6 GeV and where the squared momentum transfer at the pY
vertex, t, is limited to |t|<1 GeV^2, is studied as a function of the invariant
mass M_X of the system X. Results are presented on multiplicity distributions
and multiplicity moments, rapidity spectra and forward-backward correlations in
the centre-of-mass system of X. The data are compared to results in e+e-
annihilation, fixed-target lepton-nucleon collisions, hadro-produced
diffractive final states and to non-diffractive hadron-hadron collisions. The
comparison suggests a production mechanism of virtual photon dissociation which
involves a mixture of partonic states and a significant gluon content. The data
are well described by a model, based on a QCD-Regge analysis of the diffractive
structure function, which assumes a large hard gluonic component of the
colourless exchange at low Q^2. A model with soft colour interactions is also
successful.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J., error in first
submission - omitted bibliograph
Searches at HERA for Squarks in R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry
A search for squarks in R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in e^+p
collisions at HERA at a centre of mass energy of 300 GeV, using H1 data
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb^(-1). The direct production
of single squarks of any generation in positron-quark fusion via a Yukawa
coupling lambda' is considered, taking into account R-parity violating and
conserving decays of the squarks. No significant deviation from the Standard
Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted in terms of constraints
within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the constrained MSSM
and the minimal Supergravity model, and their sensitivity to the model
parameters is studied in detail. For a Yukawa coupling of electromagnetic
strength, squark masses below 260 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level in a
large part of the parameter space. For a 100 times smaller coupling strength
masses up to 182 GeV are excluded.Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures, 3 table
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