NCAA Student Athlete Unionization: NLRB Punts on Northwestern University Football Team

The NCAA has established a system through which universities profit tremendously from the athletic careers of student athletes, yet athletes\u27 scholarships do not cover the full cost of attendance., With no guarantee of scholarship retention, young men and women commit long hours to athletic programs, risking both bodily injury and career aspirations. For years, nothing was done to improve conditions for student athletes. Recently, however, both current and former student athletes have begun campaigning for expanded student athletes\u27 rights. In 2013, the Northwestern University football team sought to unionize to gain collective bargaining rights and secure safer and more favorable conditions for student athletes. This Comment initially discusses, the current student athlete unionization movement, which has been led by Kain Colter and Ramogi Huma since 2013. Next, this Comment examines the path of the movement, which began with discussions and protests and moved to the National Labor Relations Board\u27s Chicago Regional Office. After providing a description of the fallout resulting from a Regional decision in the Northwestern University football team\u27s favor, this Comment analyzes the National Labor Relations Board\u27s refusal to assert jurisdiction in the case, preventing the team from unionizing and gaining collective bargaining rights. This Comment then evaluates the options remaining for student athletes who wish to unionize. Finally, this Comment recommends that Colter and Huma end their current bid to unionize, due to the beneficial reforms that have been made in the NCAA since the movement began

Chemical reactivity of hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen atoms at temperatures below 100 deg K Fifth semiannual technical report

Chemical reactivity of hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms at temperatures below 100 deg

Additively Manufactured Carbon Fiber- Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Mold Plates For Injection Molding Process

Polymer injection molding processes have been used to create high-volume parts quickly and efficiently. Injection molding uses mold plates that are traditionally made of very hard tool steels, such as P20 steel, which is extremely heavy and has very long lead times to build new molds. In this study, composite-based additive manufacturing (CBAM) was used to create mold plates using long-fiber carbon fiber and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). These mold plates were installed in an injection molding machine, and rectangular flat plates were produced using Lustran 348 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Tensile and flexural testing was performed on these parts as well as parts produced using traditional P20 steel mold plates with the same geometry to compare the performance of the different mold plates. The parts produced using the carbon fiber mold plates were within 5% of the tensile strength and 10% of the flexural strength of the traditionally manufactured parts. However, the parts produced using the carbon fiber mold plates required additional cooling time due to the lower conductivity of the carbon fiber composite compared to the P20 steel. This allows additively manufactured composite molds to be a good substitute for conventional molds in low-volume injection molding production

Evaluation of commercially available RNA amplification kits for RNA sequencing using very low input amounts of total RNA

This article includes supplemental data. Please visit http://www.fasebj.org to obtain this information.Multiple recent publications on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) have demonstrated the power of next-generation sequencing technologies in whole-transcriptome analysis. Vendor-specific protocols used for RNA library construction often require at least 100 ng total RNA. However, under certain conditions, much less RNA is available for library construction. In these cases, effective transcriptome profiling requires amplification of subnanogram amounts of RNA. Several commercial RNA amplification kits are available for amplification prior to library construction for next-generation sequencing, but these kits have not been comprehensively field evaluated for accuracy and performance of RNA-seq for picogram amounts of RNA. To address this, 4 types of amplification kits were tested with 3 different concentrations, from 5 ng to 50 pg, of a commercially available RNA. Kits were tested at multiple sites to assess reproducibility and ease of use. The human total reference RNA used was spiked with a control pool of RNA molecules in order to further evaluate quantitative recovery of input material. Additional control data sets were generated from libraries constructed following polyA selection or ribosomal depletion using established kits and protocols. cDNA was collected from the different sites, and libraries were synthesized at a single site using established protocols. Sequencing runs were carried out on the Illumina platform. Numerous metrics were compared among the kits and dilutions used. Overall, no single kit appeared to meet all the challenges of small input material. However, it is encouraging that excellent data can be recovered with even the 50 pg input total RNA

Facebooking in "face": Complex identities meet simple databases

Online systems often struggle to account for the complicated self-presentation and disclosure needs of those with complex identities or specialized anonymity. Using the lenses of gender, recovery, and performance, our proposed panel explores the tensions that emerge when the richness and complexity of individual personalities and subjectivities run up against design norms that imagine identity as simplistic or one-dimensional. These models of identity not only limit the ways individuals can express their own identities, but also establish norms for other users about what to expect, causing further issues when the inevitable dislocations do occur. We discuss the challenges in translating identity into these systems, and how this is further marred by technical requirements and normative logics that structure cultures and practices of databases, algorithms and computer programming