Energy Conversion Using New Thermoelectric Generator

During recent years, microelectronics helped to develop complex and varied technologies. It appears that many of these technologies can be applied successfully to realize Seebeck micro generators: photolithography and deposition methods allow to elaborate thin thermoelectric structures at the micro-scale level. Our goal is to scavenge energy by developing a miniature power source for operating electronic components. First Bi and Sb micro-devices on silicon glass substrate have been manufactured with an area of 1cm2 including more than one hundred junctions. Each step of process fabrication has been optimized: photolithography, deposition process, anneals conditions and metallic connections. Different device structures have been realized with different micro-line dimensions. Each devices performance will be reviewed and discussed in function of their design structure.Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions

Printed organic TFTs on flexible substrate for complementary circuits

Organic Thin film Transistors (OTFT) have been widely investigated in these last years as potential candidate for the development of low cost, flexible and lightweight active-matrix backplanes for display applications. Indeed the organic semiconductors provide both promising electrical performances tunable by chemistry and the ability to be processed at low temperature with innovative printing technics on various large scale substrates. Thanks to the recent developments on both n-type and p-type solution-processed organic semiconductors, we have developed a printable organic complementary technology compatible with flexible PEN substrates. By combining state of the art materials exhibiting mobility in the range of 1 cm 2 /V.s and silicon inspired compact modeling and simulation approach, we were able to design and fabricate circuit's building blocks that provide the switching, digital and analog functions required for the fabrication of printed systems on foil

Growth and Demography of the Solitary Scleractinian Coral Leptopsammia pruvoti along a Sea Surface Temperature Gradient in the Mediterranean Sea

The demographic traits of the solitary azooxanthellate scleractinian Leptopsammia pruvoti were determined in six populations on a sea surface temperature (SST) gradient along the western Italian coasts. This is the first investigation of the growth and demography characteristics of an azooxanthellate scleractinian along a natural SST gradient. Growth rate was homogeneous across all populations, which spanned 7 degrees of latitude. Population age structures differed between populations, but none of the considered demographic parameters correlated with SST, indicating possible effects of local environmental conditions. Compared to another Mediterranean solitary scleractinian, Balanophyllia europaea, zooxanthellate and whose growth, demography and calcification have been studied in the same sites, L. pruvoti seems more tolerant to temperature increase. The higher tolerance of L. pruvoti, relative to B. europaea, may rely on the absence of symbionts, and thus the lack of an inhibition of host physiological processes by the heat-stressed zooxanthellae. However, the comparison between the two species must be taken cautiously, due to the likely temperature differences between the two sampling depths. Increasing research effort on determining the effects of temperature on the poorly studied azooxanthellate scleractinians may shed light on the possible species assemblage shifts that are likely to occur during the current century as a consequence of global climatic change

Stability of coral reef fish assemblages impacted by nuclear tests

Investigating the resilience of fish assemblages requires large-scale experiments, but large-scale manipulations are rarely possible, and "natural experiments" frequently must take their place. Here we report a unique opportunity to explore the resilience of reef fish assemblages. The underground nuclear testing program conducted by the French Armed Forces at Mururoa Atoll, while not intended as an ecological experiment, caused multiple instantaneous removals of fish over areas of approximately 12.5 km2, without otherwise affecting their environment or the opportunity for recolonization. We show that fish assemblages responded rapidly to these intense, large-scale perturbations, restoring assemblage structure within 1-5 yr. Reef fishery conservation efforts must emphasize protection of habitat, because reef fish assemblages are resilient even to intensive, localized harvesting so long as the structural and biotic integrity of their habitat is maintained and neighboring sites are able to supply recruits. © 2005 by the Ecological Society of America

Realization and optimization of thermoelectric devices using bismuth and antimony materials

International audienc

Evolution de la teneur en césium 137 depuis 1967 dans l'eau de coco et le coprah en Polynésie française

La France procède à des expérimentations nucléaires en Polynésie française depuis 1966. D'abord aériennes, elles sont devenues souterraines depuis 1975. Dans le cadre de la surveillance de ces expérimentations, le contrôle de la teneur en césium 137 de la noix de coco est réalisé sur l'ensemble du territoire de la Polynésie française. Après avoir décrit la méthodologie, nous présentons les résultats des 2 589 échantillons prélevées de 1967 à 1988. Les teneurs maximales trouvées depuis 1967 sont de 52 Bq.kg-1 pour l'eau de coco et de 289 Bq.kg-1 pour le coprah. La décroissance de la teneur en césium 137 est constante, sans discontinuité, à partir de 1974 quel que soit l'éloignement par rapport aux sites d'expérimentations. L'équivalent de dose d'irradiation engagé dû au césium 137, délivré par la consommation d'eau de coco et de coprah représente quelques microsieverts par an

Influence of PEN thermal properties of flexible film patterned by NanoImprint Lithography

International audienc

Exposition coloniale internationale. Paris 1931. Indochine française. Section des sciences. Institut pasteur d'Indochine. L'Eau potable en Indochine, par J. Bablet et J. Guillerm

Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : NmBA001Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : NmBA004Avec mode text

Appendix A. The encoding of stations and species used in Fig. 2.

The encoding of stations and species used in Fig. 2