IMPACT OF PESTICIDE REGULATORY POLICIES ON U.S. RICE PRODUCTION

This paper examines the costs and benefits of pesticide regulations on US rice production. Benefit - cost analysis of FIFRA (The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) has been done taking into consideration the externality costs associated with the Endangered Species Act and the Worker Protection Standard, for which compliance under FIFRA has become mandatory since 1990.Pesticide regulation, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy,

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE PREVALENCE OF MENTALLY CHALLENGED ADOLESCENTS IN INDIA AND THE EFFICACY OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS WITH HERBS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION

Health is the state of well-being in physical, social, spiritual, and mental health. Apart from physical health, mental health is of prime importance. The brain is one of the most complex organs in the body. The brain has multiple tasking abilities like learn, play, concentrate, remember and it helps in sustaining a clear mind. Brain comprises around 60% fat with omega 3 fatty acid and Docosahexaenoic acid, these two supports the normal neuronal membranes. The modern diet lacking in omega 3 and DHA may harm cognitive development.  In the world, India stands second place with a population of 135.26 crores. India comprises one fifth of the adolescent population that is around 27.05% of the total population. According to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, “Mental retardation is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviour. Mental health in adolescents is neglected and it increased morbidity and mortality during recent years. Cognitive development in adolescence occurs in three main areas. The three areas are advanced reasoning skills, abstract thinking, and formal operational thinking.  The psychiatric disorders in adolescents begin before the age of 14 and nearly 50% of adolescents are affected during this period. The remaining 20% of the adolescent’s population are affected by predisposing or precipitating factor. Plants have been used as a medicine based on folk remedies and experience. Due to the immense potential of medicinal plants, the research work was planned to carry out on plant based medicine. Various nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical components have been derived from medicinal plants. Plants such as Centella asiatica, Bacopa monnieri, and various herbs are rich source of omega 3, Alpha-linolenic acid, Minerals and Vitamins which helps in cognitive development and work as memory enhancer in human being

BIOLOGICAL AND DOCKING STUDIES OF NOVEL AROYLHYDRAZONES

Objective: Novel aroylhydrazone schiff bases were synthesized and were screened for their biological activities.Methods: Using HCl as a catalyst, all the compounds were synthesized at room temperature and were characterized by IR and NMR techniques. The synthesized Schiff bases were screened for antibacterial, antifungal activities. In silico molecular docking, method was performed to study their anti-tuberculosis activity against enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PDB id: 2NSD). Results: Compound P1 showed good antibacterial activity against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli) bacterial strains and compound J1 showed good antifungal activity against A. niger. Molecular docking results reveal that compound B1 made two numbers of electrostatic interactions with 2NSD with more negative C docker interaction value. This indicated that the compound B1 was more active with minimum binding potential which is comparable with that of standard compound isoniazid.Conclusion: Aroylhydrazones having good biologically activities compared to that of standards were prepared

Effect of add on therapy of SGLT 2 inhibitors on glycaemic parameters

Background: Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus can be difficult to attain, even with a combination of multiple oral agents as well as Insulin. SGLT2 inhibitors are potential novel agents inhibits the sodium glucose co transporters operated in the kidney tubules independent of the action on insulin resistance or secretion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect on the mean reduction of HbA1c levels. Also, to evaluate the effect of gliflozins on the mean reduction of FBS and PPBS values at the end of 3rd and 6th months and to find out the ADR profile over 6 months. Methods: Prospective observational study conducted on the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with HbA1c >7% not controlled on metformin in the outpatient over a period of 15 months. An initial visit and thereafter follow up visits at 3rd and 6th month. HbA1c, FBS and PPBS was noted. ADR profile was also noted. Results: Significant mean reduction in the glycemic parameters among 90% study population with 0.5% reduction in mean HbA1c from the baseline. Also, the reduction in FBS and PPBS were statistically significant by 3rd month of the treatment. Incidence of genital itching was more compared with conventional drugs. Hypotension and polydipsia were rare. Conclusions: SGLT 2 inhibitors are found to be a promising new category of antidiabetic medications with better control of FBS, PPBS and HbA1c

CURRENT REUSE ACTIVE INDUCTOR BASED WIDEBAND LNA

This paper presents the design of an active inductor based wideband LNA using current reuse topology,which is designed and simulated in 0.18um CMOS technology. The low noise amplifier is considered to be the key block in an RF receiver. It plays a critical role in determining the noise figure of a receiver. The main function of an LNA is to provide sufficient gain to reduce the noise of subsequent stages while adding as little noise as possible. To achieve a good impedance matching over a desire bandwidth (0.05GHz to1.5GHz) active inductor is implemented based on gyrator structure and its noise is improved by employing a feed-forward path (FFP). The simulations show a maximum power gain of 17.32dB, minimum noise figure (NF) of 0.87dB with a 3db bandwidth of 1.0GHz over 0.05-1.5 GHz range. The total power consumption is 6.38mW with 1.8V power supply

Lawn and garden soil test interpretations and fertilizer recommendation guide (2003)

"This publication describes the methods used to provide soil test interpretations and fertilizer recommendations for residential lawns and gardens. These guidelines have been developed from research conducted in Missouri or adapted from work done in adjacent Midwest states."Revised January 2000 ; Reviewed April 2003

Effect of Thermal Aging and Chemical Treatment on Tensile Properties of Coir Fiber.

Effect of thermal aging and chemical treatment on the physical propertiesof coir fiber was investigated. Coir fibers were treated with sodium hydro-xide and glutaraldehyde for 2 h. The influence of alkali and aldehydetreatment on tensile strength and elongation at break was studied in detail.Enhancement in tensile strength of coir fiber was observed up to five daysof aging at 50°C and further decreased. Thermal cross linking of cellulosepresent in the fiber may be the reason for the increase in tensile strengthand thermal degradation due to the chain scission of cellulose reduced thetensile strength. Sodium-hydroxide-treated samples showed an increase intensile strength and reduction in elongation at break. The removal ofimpurities such as waxy and fatty acid residues from the coir fiber byreacting with strong base solution improved the strength of fiber. Crosslinking of cellulose with glutaraldehyde in the fiber reduced the elasticityand enhances the strength of the material. Scanning electron microscopywas employed to analyze the change in surface morphology upon chemicaltreatment. Improvement in the tensile strength suggests that NaOH andglutaraldehyde can be effectively used to modify coir fiber with excellentphysical properties

Ethnomedicinal plants used to cure jaundice in Kammam District of Andhra Pradesh, India

Twenty eight species included in 27 genera and 20 families are used to cure jaundice by the tribals of Khammam district, Andhra Pradesh. Half of the plants are herbs and one fourth trees. Euphorbiaceae and Cucurbitaceae are the dominant families. The ethnomedicinal practices involved plants ranging from one to five

Influence of Chemical Treatment on Thermal Decomposition and Crystallite Size of Coir Fiber.

Coir fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and glutaraldehyde (GA). The influence of alkali and aldehyde treatment on thermal degradation and crystallinity of coir fiber was studied in detail. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction techniques were mainly used to characterize the coir samples. Activation energy of degradation was calculated from Broido and Horowitz–Metzger equations. NaOH-treated samples showed an increase in thermal stability. Removal of impurities such as waxy and fatty acid residues from the coir fiber by reacting with strong base solution improved the stability of fiber. Crosslinking of cellulose with GA in the fiber enhanced the stability of the material. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to analyze the change in surface morphology upon chemical treatment. Improvement in the properties suggests that NaOH and GA can be effectively used to modify coir fiber with excellent stability