19 research outputs found

    The brain decade in debate: I. Neurobiology of learning and memory

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    This article is a transcription of an electronic symposium in which some active researchers were invited by the Brazilian Society for Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC) to discuss the last decade's advances in neurobiology of learning and memory. The way different parts of the brain are recruited during the storage of different kinds of memory (e.g., short-term vs long-term memory, declarative vs procedural memory) and even the property of these divisions were discussed. It was pointed out that the brain does not really store memories, but stores traces of information that are later used to create memories, not always expressing a completely veridical picture of the past experienced reality. To perform this process different parts of the brain act as important nodes of the neural network that encode, store and retrieve the information that will be used to create memories. Some of the brain regions are recognizably active during the activation of short-term working memory (e.g., prefrontal cortex), or the storage of information retrieved as long-term explicit memories (e.g., hippocampus and related cortical areas) or the modulation of the storage of memories related to emotional events (e.g., amygdala). This does not mean that there is a separate neural structure completely supporting the storage of each kind of memory but means that these memories critically depend on the functioning of these neural structures. The current view is that there is no sense in talking about hippocampus-based or amygdala-based memory since this implies that there is a one-to-one correspondence. The present question to be solved is how systems interact in memory. The pertinence of attributing a critical role to cellular processes like synaptic tagging and protein kinase A activation to explain the memory storage processes at the cellular level was also discussed.University of Bristol Department of PsychologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PsicobiologiaUniversity of California Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California Neuropsychiatric InstituteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de Biociências Departamento de BioquímicaUniversity of Edinburgh Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of Arizona Department of PsychologyNorthwestern UniversityUniversidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências Departamento de FisiologiaUniversidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Farmacologia Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia do Sistema Nervoso CentralUNIFESP, Depto. de PsicobiologiaSciEL

    EFFECT OF APOMORPHINE AND HALOPERIDOL ON RNA-CONTENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURES OF RAT

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    ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT FISIOL,SAO PAULO 04023,SP,BRASILESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT FISIOL,SAO PAULO 04023,SP,BRASILWeb of Scienc

    Recentes avanços na neuroquímica da consolidação da memória e evocação: impacto na concepção atual dos distúrbios de memória

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    Submitted by Ilno Conceição ([email protected]) on 2012-11-22T00:56:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Recent advances in the neurochemistry of memory consolidation and retrieval impact on current views on memory disorders.pdf: 117846 bytes, checksum: 6b15d9c0405b1fb7bcab75e5b1b22734 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Michele Fernanda([email protected]) on 2012-11-25T00:56:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Recent advances in the neurochemistry of memory consolidation and retrieval impact on current views on memory disorders.pdf: 117846 bytes, checksum: 6b15d9c0405b1fb7bcab75e5b1b22734 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-25T00:56:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Recent advances in the neurochemistry of memory consolidation and retrieval impact on current views on memory disorders.pdf: 117846 bytes, checksum: 6b15d9c0405b1fb7bcab75e5b1b22734 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005Many aspects of the molecular basis of declarative memory formation, retrieval and extinction have been established in the past few years. These aspects add to, and partly modify, some long-standing concepts on memory disorders. This article will review data from our laboratories and comment on their impact on these concepts. Particular emphasis will be placed on: a) new findings on the modulation of working memory; b) the separation of short- from long-term memory; c) the molecular pharmacology of memory retrieval.Nos últimos anos houve avanços substanciais no conhecimento dos mecanismos moleculares da aquisição, consolidação e evocação das memórias. Muitos desses avanços tem conseqüências importantes na compreensão e no tratamento dos diversos síndromes de déficit de memória (o déficit cognitivo que acontece com a idade avançada, as doenças degenerativas como o síndrome de Alzheimer, etc.). Discutiremos neste artigo os principais avanços na diagnóstico e terapêutica surgidos destes novos conhecimentos sobre a biologia dos processos mnemônicos

    Recent advances in the neurochemistry of memory consolidation and retrieval: impact on current views on memory disorders

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    Many aspects of the molecular basis of declarative memory formation, retrieval and extinction have been established in the past few years. These aspects add to, and partly modify, some long-standing concepts on memory disorders. This article will review data from our laboratories and comment on their impact on these concepts. Particular emphasis will be placed on: a) new findings on the modulation of working memory; b) the separation of short- from long-term memory; c) the molecular pharmacology of memory retrieval.Nos últimos anos houve avanços substanciais no conhecimento dos mecanismos moleculares da aquisição, consolidação e evocação das memórias. Muitos desses avanços tem conseqüências importantes na compreensão e no tratamento dos diversos síndromes de déficit de memória (o déficit cognitivo que acontece com a idade avançada, as doenças degenerativas como o síndrome de Alzheimer, etc.). Discutiremos neste artigo os principais avanços na diagnóstico e terapêutica surgidos destes novos conhecimentos sobre a biologia dos processos mnemônicos

    Phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein as a molecular marker of memory processing in rat hippocampus: effect of novelty

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    From mollusks to mammals the activation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) appears to be an important step in the formation of long-term memory (LTM). Here we show that a 5 min exposure to a novel environment (open field) 1 hr after acquisition of a one-trial inhibitory avoidance training hinders both the formation of LTM for the avoidance task and the increase in the phosphorylation state of hippocampal Ser 133 CREB [phosphorylated CREB (pCREB)] associated with the avoidance training. To determine whether this LTM deficit is attributable to the reduced pCREB level, rats were bilaterally cannulated to deliver Sp-adenosine 39,59-cyclic monophosphothioate (Sp-cAMPS), an activator of PKA. Infusion of Sp- Adenosine 39,59-cyclic monophosphothioate Sp-cAMPS to CA1 region increased hippocampal pCREB levels and restored normal LTM of avoidance learning in rats exposed to novelty. Moreover, a 5 min exposure to the open field 10 min before the avoidance training interferes with the amnesic effect of a second 5 min exposure to the open field 1 hr after avoidance training and restores the hippocampal levels of pCREB. In contrast, the avoidance training-associated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p42 and p44 mitogenactivated protein kinases) in the hippocampus is not altered by novelty. Together, these findings suggest that novelty regulates LTM formation by modulating the phosphorylation state of CREB in the hippocampus
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