ホイクシヤヨウセイカテイ ニ ザイセキ スル タンキダイガクセイ ノ ニュウガクマエ キヨウイク ノ ウケトメカタ : ダイガク テキオウ トノカンケイ カラ

本研究は、平成23 年度こども学専攻の入学者を対象に、入学前教育の受けとめ方が入学後の大学適応にどのような影響を与えたのか検討し、今後の入学前教育の実施方法に有益な示唆を得ることを目的として行われた。結果より、入学前教育から多くの情報を受け取ったと感じている学生ほど、ストレスを感じている度合いが低く、大学生活により適応していることがわかった。一方「教員との関係づくり」においては入学前教育の効果が顕著ではなかったことから、教員との交流の機会を増やしていくことが必要だと考えられた。また、資格取得を目的とした短期大学に特有の入学後の大学生活の厳しさをあらかじめ伝えることが効果的であると示唆された

ガクセイ ノ シュタイテキ サンカ ヲ タカメル タンキダイガク ニュウガクジュンビプログラム ノ カイハツ

The purpose of this study was to develop a pre-entrance-education program forenhancement of students\u27 active participation in junior college. The program wasdeveloped in accordance with remedial education, first year experience, and careerdevelopment. These are considered to play an important role for student success in juniorcollege. Specifically, 3 modules were held in March 2013, each of which included severalsmall group workshops. The results of the questionnaires showed that the program couldbe relatively useful and novel for the participants

Collagen adhesion gene is associated with blood stream infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes hospital- and community-acquired infections. It is not clear whether genetic characteristics of the bacteria contribute to disease pathogenesis in MRSA infection. We hypothesized that whole genome analysis of MRSA strains could reveal the key gene loci and/or the gene mutations that affect clinical manifestations of MRSA infection. Methods: Whole genome sequences (WGS) of MRSA of 154 strains were analyzed with respect to clinical manifestations and data. Further, we evaluated the association between clinical manifestations in MRSA infection and genomic information. Results: WGS revealed gene mutations that correlated with clinical manifestations of MRSA infection. Moreover, 12 mutations were selected as important mutations by Random Forest analysis. Cluster analysis revealed strains associated with a high frequency of bloodstream infection (BSI). Twenty seven out of 34 strains in this cluster caused BSI. These strains were all positive for collagen adhesion gene (cna) and have mutations in the locus, those were selected by Random Forest analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that these gene mutations were the predictor for the incidence of BSI. Interestingly, mutant CNA protein showed lower attachment ability to collagen, suggesting that the mutant protein might contribute to the dissemination of bacteria. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the bacterial genotype affects the clinical characteristics of MRSA infection. (c) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases

タンダイ ニュウガクセイ ニ オケル セイカツ シュウカン オヨビ シンタイ ショウジョウ ト ジソン カンジョウ オヨビ ガクシュウ ニ タイスル インショウ ノ カンレン

本研究の目的は、短大入学生における生活習慣および身体症状と自尊感情および学習に対する印象の関連について検討することである。対象は、S短期大学に入学予定の男女103名であった。対象に対して、直接配布の質問紙法によって調査を行った。調査内容は、自作式の生活習慣および身体症状に関する調査、自尊感情尺度および学習に対する印象に関する調査であった。結果として、自尊感情尺度が低い群は、睡眠時間が有意に短かった(p<0.05)。また学習に対する印象について、自尊感情尺度の低い群は、学習に対する印象も有意に低かった(p<0.05)。身体症状と学習に関する印象について、項目別に検討した結果、「上手な勉強の仕方がわからない」(p<0.05)、「思うように成績が上がらない」(p<0.01)および「覚えなければいけないことが多い」(p<0.05)で有意差がみられた。また、身体症状と自尊感情を項目別に検討した結果、「敗北者と思うことがある」および「自分はまったくダメな人間であると思うことがよくある」で有意差がみられた(p<0.05)。以上のことから、自尊感情、生活習慣およびこれまでの学習に対する印象は関連があり、短大入学時および入学後に継続的に自尊感情を高めるプログラムを行う必要があると考える。This study was investigated the relationship of the lifestyle and physical symptoms, self-esteem, and impression of study for the first-year students of junior college.The group with a low self-esteem had short sleeping hours and low impression for study. About the relationship of physical symptoms and impression of study, there are three items about significant difference. And the relationship of physical symptoms and self -esteem, there are two items about significant difference. In conclusion, these findings suggest that it is necessary for the new student to be trained immediately and continuously to raise levels of self-esteem and impression for study

The Responsiveness of Triaxial Accelerometer Measurement of Gait Ataxia Is Higher than That of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia in the Early Stages of Spinocerebellar Degeneration

We reported previously that the average medial-lateral gait amplitude while walking on a straight path determined using triaxial accelerometers fixed on the middle of the upper back may be a quantitative and concise indicator for the severity of cerebellar ataxia. Considering that gait ataxia is a typical initial symptom in a variety of spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), we aimed to develop quantitative biomarkers for cerebellar ataxia as metric variables. We used triaxial accelerometers to analyze gait parameters in 14 patients with SCD at 3 points over 3 years (at baseline, 1.5 years and 3 years). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models adjusted for the baseline scores were used to estimate sample sizes. The mean medial-lateral amplitude (ML) gained by a triaxial accelerometer fixed on upper back could detect the each 1.5-year change. In the 14 patients, the mean ML(m) was 0.032 +/- 0.007(SD) at entry, 0.037 +/- 0.008 after 1.5-year follow, and 0.042 +/- 0.020 after 3-year follow. In contrast, SARA gait scores were 2.9, 2.9, and 3.0, respectively. The responsiveness of the quantitative evaluation of gait ataxia by triaxial accelerometers is higher than that of the SARA within a 1.5-year follow-up period. Gait analysis by triaxial accelerometers will be complementary to the evaluation of scales like SARA in the assessment of clinical severity of SCD patients in early stage

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mild clinical conditions and detection of archetype-like JC virus in cerebrospinal fluid

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis and is primarily caused by JC virus (JCV) with a mutation called prototype. We encountered a case of PML with moderate progression and analyzed the mutational patterns of JCV in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A 19-year-old Japanese woman with mild neurological symptoms was diagnosed with combined immunodeficiency following pneumocystis pneumonia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple brain lesions, and real-time polymerase chain reaction testing detected JCV in the CSF, leading to the diagnosis of PML. The disease course of PML was stable after administration of mefloquine and mirtazapine with immunoglobulin replacement therapy. In the JCV genome cloned from the patient CSF, DNA sequences of the gene encoding the capsid protein (VP1) and the non-coding control region exhibited small mutations. However, they were quite similar to those of the archetype JCV, which persists asymptomatically in healthy individuals. These findings provide insight into the mutational characteristics of JCV in PML with mild symptoms and progression

A Retrospective Epidemiological Study of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Patients with Neurological Disorders in Hokkaido, Japan

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a zoonotic disease that usually presents as a moderate febrile illness followed by severe encephalitis, and various neurological symptoms are observed depending on the distinct central nervous system (CNS) regions affected by the TBE virus (TBEV) infection. In Japan, TBE incidence is increasing and TBEV distributions are reported in wide areas, specifically in Hokkaido.However, an extensive epidemiological survey regarding TBEV has not been conducted yet. In this study, we conducted a retrospective study of the prevalence of antibodies against TBEV in patients with neurological disorders and healthy populations in a TBEV-endemic area in Hokkaido. Among 2000 patients, three patients with inflammatory diseases in the CNS had TBEV-specific IgM antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. The other four patients diagnosed clinically with other neurological diseases were positive for TBEV-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies, indicating previous TBEV infection. In a total of 246 healthy residents in a TBEV-endemic region, one resident had TBEV-specific antibodies. These results demonstrated undiagnosed TBEV infections in Japan. Further surveys are required to reveal the actual epidemiological risk of TBE and to consider preventive measures, such as a vaccine program, for the control of TBE in Japan