Content of biologically active substances in sweet cherry fruits at different stages of fruit development in the conditions of the living mulch

Received: August 19th, 2022 ; Accepted: October 7th, 2022 ; Published: October 19th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected]Сontent of soluble solids, sugars, titrated acids, ascorbate, glutathione, phenolic substances, anthocyanins, total reducing activity of fruits tissues in sweet cherry fruits studied at different stages of fruit development during 2018 and 2019 in an organic sweet cherry orchard (Prunus avium L. / Prunus mahaleb) in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the research was to determine how the living much conditions (compared to bare fallow) affect the content of biologically active substances in sweet cherry fruits at different stages of ripening. It was determined that the fruits of sweet cherry accumulated significantly more ascorbate, phenolic substances and anthocyanins in the conditions of living mulch (compared to the fruits of the trees on bare fallow). So, at the stage of picking ripeness, the content of ascorbate in sweet cherry fruits in the conditions of living mulch was 29 and 22% more compared to bare fallow (respectively, in 2018 and 2019), phenolic substances - by 47 and 23%, anthocyanins - by 36 and 26%. The revealed regularities can be explained by stressful conditions of competition with natural herbs, which activate the synthesis of anti-stress, antioxidant biologically active substances in plant tissues (including fruits). Since it is the antioxidants of the fruits that have a physiological value for humans, it can be stated that the fruits grown in the conditions of living mulch have a higher therapeutic and preventive value than the fruits grown on bare fallow

Spin Crossover [Fe(qsal)2]X (X = Cl, SCN, CF3SO3) Complexes: EPR and DFT Study

The compounds [Fe(qsal)2]X (X = Cl, SCN, CF3SO3) were synthesized and investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The dependence of the Fe(III) spin state on the type of counterion X and on the temperature was established. On the basis of the density functional calculations, the geometrical parameters of compounds in high- and low-spin states were optimized and the difference in their internal energies was calculated. A correlation between the experimental EPR data and the theoretically calculated energy difference between the high-spin and the low-spin states of the compounds with different anions was obtained. © 2010 Springer-Verlag

Specific features of spin-variable properties of [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O compound has been synthesized and studied in the temperature interval of 5–300 K by the methods of EPR and magnetic susceptibility. The existence of ferromagnetic interactions between Fe(III) complexes in this compound has been revealed, in contrast to unhydrated [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4. The reduction in the integrated intensity of the magnetic resonance signal as the temperature decreases below 80 K has been explained by the transition of high-spin ions to the low-spin state. It has been shown that the phase transition temperature in the presence of intermolecular (ferromagnetic) interactions is lower than that in the case of noninteracting centers

Results of investigation of muon fluxes of superhigh energy cosmic rays with X-ray emulsion chambers

The overall data from the investigation of the cosmic ray muon flux in the range of zenith angles (0-90) deg within the energy range (3.5 to 5.0) TeV is presented. The exposure of large X-ray emulsion chambers underground was 1200 tons. year. The data were processe using the method which was applied in the experiment Pamir and differred from the earlier applied one. The obtained value of a slope power index of the differential energy spectrum of the global muon flux is =3.7 that corresponds to the slope of the pion generation differential spectrum, gamma sub PI = 2.75 + or - .04. The analysis of the muon zenith-angular distribution showed that the contribution of rapid generation muons in the total muon flux agree the best with the value .2% and less with .7% at a 90% reliability level

Specific features of spin-variable properties of [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4 · nH2O compound has been synthesized and studied in the temperature interval of 5–300 K by the methods of EPR and magnetic susceptibility. The existence of ferromagnetic interactions between Fe(III) complexes in this compound has been revealed, in contrast to unhydrated [Fe(acen)pic2]BPh4. The reduction in the integrated intensity of the magnetic resonance signal as the temperature decreases below 80 K has been explained by the transition of high-spin ions to the low-spin state. It has been shown that the phase transition temperature in the presence of intermolecular (ferromagnetic) interactions is lower than that in the case of noninteracting centers

Action of Humicola lanuginosa lipase on mixed monomolecular films of tricaprylin and polyethylene glycol stearate

The hydrolysis catalyzed by Humicola lanuginosa lipase (HLL) of pure tricaprylin (TC) or stearate of polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG-St) as well as their mixtures spread as monomolecular films were studied. The catalytic transformation of the two substrates TC or PEG-St into their respective reaction products was detected by measuring simultaneously the decrease in the film area and the surface potential using the "zero order" trough at constant surface pressure. A kinetic model describing the enzymatic hydrolysis was developed. The surface concentrations of the two substrates and their respective reaction products as well as the values of the global kinetic constants of hydrolysis were determined. The experimentally obtained global kinetic constants of the catalytic action of HLL against TC and PEG-St present in mixed monolayers of TC/PEG-St are approximately the same as in the case of pure monolayers. These obtained results give some indications that the activity of enzyme is not significantly affected by the different molecular environments in the mixed monolayers