Channeling of electrons and positrons in straight and periodically bent diamond(110) crystals

In this paper we present the results of a systematic numerical analysis of the channeling properties of electrons and positrons in oriented straight and periodically bent diamond(110) crystals. We analyse dependence of the intensity of the radiation emitted on the projectile energy as well as on the bending amplitude. The analysis presented is based on the grounds of accurate numerical simulations of the channeling process. The simulation parameters, such as the crystal orientation, thickness and bending parameters of the crystals as well as the energy of the projectiles, were chosen to match those used in past and ongoing experiments. The peculiarities which appear in the radiation spectra are attributed to the interplay of various radiation mechanisms. The analysis performed can be used to predict and explain future experimental results.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl

Self-gravitating spheres of anisotropic fluid in geodesic flow

The fluid models mentioned in the title are classified. All characteristics of the fluid are expressed through a master potential, satisfying an ordinary second order differential equation. Different constraints are imposed on this core of relations, finding new solutions and deriving the classical results for perfect fluids and dust as particular cases. Many uncharged and charged anisotropic solutions, all conformally flat and some uniform density solutions are found. A number of solutions with linear equation among the two pressures are derived, including the case of vanishing tangential pressure.Comment: 21 page

Analytical representation of elastic scattering cross sections of low energy electrons by atmospheric gases

Analytical representations of the elastic scattering cross sections of electrons with energies of 0.01-1 keV in atmospheric gases of N2, O2, O are given. These representations are suitable for the Monte Carlo method

Electrostatic Point Charge Fitting as an Inverse Problem: Revealing the Underlying Ill-Conditioning

Atom-centered point charge model of the molecular electrostatics---a major workhorse of the atomistic biomolecular simulations---is usually parameterized by least-squares (LS) fitting of the point charge values to a reference electrostatic potential, a procedure that suffers from numerical instabilities due to the ill-conditioned nature of the LS problem. Here, to reveal the origins of this ill-conditioning, we start with a general treatment of the point charge fitting problem as an inverse problem, and construct an analytically soluble model with the point charges spherically arranged according to Lebedev quadrature naturally suited for the inverse electrostatic problem. This analytical model is contrasted to the atom-centered point-charge model that can be viewed as an irregular quadrature poorly suited for the problem. This analysis shows that the numerical problems of the point charge fitting are due to the decay of the curvatures corresponding to the eigenvectors of LS sum Hessian matrix. In part, this ill-conditioning is intrinsic to the problem and related to decreasing electrostatic contribution of the higher multipole moments, that are, in the case of Lebedev grid model, directly associated with the Hessian eigenvectors. For the atom-centered model, this association breaks down beyond the first few eigenvectors related to the high-curvature monopole and dipole terms; this leads to even wider spread-out of the Hessian curvature values. Using these insights, it is possible to alleviate the ill-conditioning of the LS point-charge fitting without introducing external restraints and/or constraints. Also, as the analytical Lebedev grid PC model proposed here can reproduce multipole moments up to a given rank, it may provide a promising alternative to including explicit multipole terms in a force field

Y-Scaling Analysis of the Deuteron Within the Light-Front Dynamics Method

The concept of relativistic scaling is applied to describe the most recent data from inclusive electron-deuteron scattering at large momentum transfer. We calculate the asymptotic scaling function f(y) of the deuteron using its relationship with the nucleon momentum distribution. The latter is obtained in the framework of the relativistic light-front dynamics (LFD) method, in which the deuteron is described by six invariant functions f_{i} (i=1,...,6) instead of two (S and D waves) in the nonrelativistic case. Comparison of the LFD asymptotic scaling function with other calculations using $S$ and $D$ waves corresponding to various nucleon-nucleon potentials, as well as with the Bethe-Salpeter result is made. It is shown that for |y|> 400 MeV/c the differences between the LFD and the nonrelativistic scaling functions become larger.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Talk at 21-st International Workshop on Nuclear Theory, Rila Mountains, Bulgaria, June 10-15, 200