Revisiting the (E + A) ⊗ (e + a) problems of polyatomic systems with trigonal symmetry: general expansions of their vibronic Hamiltonians

In this work, we derive general expansions in vibrational coordinates for the (E + A) ⊗ (e + a) vibronic Hamiltonians of molecules with one and only one C3 axis. We first derive the expansion for the lowest C3 symmetry. Additional symmetry elements systematically eliminate terms in the expansion. We compare our expansions with the previous results for two cases, the Image ID:c7cp01171g-t73.gif and the C3 (E + A) ⊗ e. The first comparison demonstrates the robustness, completeness, conciseness, and convenience of our formalism. There is a systematic discrepancy in the second comparison. We discuss the origin of the discrepancy and use a numerical example to corroborate our expansion. Our formalism covers 153 vibronic problems in 6 point groups. It also gives general expansions for the spin–orbit vibronic Hamiltonians of the p-type (E + A) ⊗ (e + a) problems

L'Indice du Développement Humain ou l'indice monétaire de développement ? Evidences par l’Analyse en Composantes Principales

L’article discute de quatre questions cruciales relatives à l’Indice du Développement Humain (IDH). Le choix des seuils de normalisation de l’indice revenu influence-t-il le classement des pays ? Est-il opportun de mesurer le progrès humain au travers un indice synthétique ? Les performances des pays sont-elles expliquées par la seule dimension monétaire ? Le choix d’une pondération égale des composantes de l’indice a-t-il une validité statistique ? En reprenant les données du rapport 2014 sur l’IDH, et contre toute évidence apparente, l’Analyse en Composantes Principales (ACP) fournit des résultats surprenants

Handover Necessity Estimation for 4G Heterogeneous Networks

One of the most challenges of 4G network is to have a unified network of heterogeneous wireless networks. To achieve seamless mobility in such a diverse environment, vertical hand off is still a challenging problem. In many situations handover failures and unnecessary handoffs are triggered causing degradation of services, reduction in throughput and increase the blocking probability and packet loss. In this paper a new vertical handoff decision algorithm handover necessity estimation (HNE), is proposed to minimize the number of handover failure and unnecessary handover in heterogeneous wireless networks. we have proposed a multi criteria vertical handoff decision algorithm based on two parts: traveling time estimation and time threshold calculation. Our proposed methods are compared against two other methods: (a) the fixed RSS threshold based method, in which handovers between the cellular network and the WLAN are initiated when the RSS from the WLAN reaches a fixed threshold, and (b) the hysteresis based method, in which a hysteresis is introduced to prevent the ping-pong effect. Simulation results show that, this method reduced the number of handover failures and unnecessary handovers up to 80% and 70%, respectively

Negotiating marriage and divorce in Accra : Muslim women's experiences.

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This thesis sets out to investigate Muslim women’s marital experiences in Accra, Ghana, West Africa. In particular, these experiences had to do with negotiating marriage and divorce. It included the broad marital relations like decision-making, roles and responsibilities, and the management and responses of marital disputes and abuse. I used a qualitative method in this research. I interviewed twelve Muslim women in Accra who provided me with their perspectives, experiences and responses of socio-religious norms concerning gender roles. In addition, they shared their experiences and perspectives on wife abuse and their consequent reactions and management of wife abuse

Changing Africa’s impoverishing economic model: Towards a rewarding sustainable specialization model with a new factor of production

This paper highlights the impoverishing character of Africa’s  economic model in its world merchandise trade. With a view to reduce the ousting of the wealth of the continent by its trading partners, we develop a neo-factorial  specialization model in which we introduce technology and raw materials as endogenous factors of production of manufactured goods. In addition, we distinguish between skilled labor and unskilled. Considering raw  commodities as a factor production (natural capital) and making technology and skilled labor factors endogenous allows us to understand why Africa is historically specialized in raw material exports. We show how Africa can, thanks to its advantage in  natural resources, accumulate technology and human capital necessary to its industrialization in the second phase of the model, allowing it to eliminate the impoverishing effects of trade. The model predictions are quite optimistic in the second phase of Africa's opening process to the world. Calibrating the model on real data, results are consistent with some goals of sustainable development particularly in its economic and social  dimensions. The environmental dimension is however difficult to reconcile with both others.Keywords: Impoverishing specialization; African economies; Neo-factorial model; Natural resources; Values' chain

Burden and Risk Factors Associated with HCV Infection among People Living with HIV Infection in Nebraska: Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study from 1997 to 2017

Background: Previous studies have shown high prevalence of HCV infection among people living with HIV infection. Coinfected people are at risk of developing liver diseases resulting an increase rate of mortality. Several risk factors for HIV/HCV coinfection have previously been identified with injecting drug users (IDU) as the common route of exposure. Methods: This was cross -sectional study using HIV and HCV registries maintained by Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services (NE DHHS) from1997 to 2017. A descriptive analysis was used to characterize the sample. Chi-squared test and Fisher exact test were selected to compare the different groups. Univariate and multiple variable logistic regression model chose for the analytical analysis for association between variables. Results: Of 3256 persons with HIV, 356 were coinfected with HCV resulting a proportion of 11%. Based on HIV diagnosis, 52% persons were coinfected by HCV after being diagnosed with HIV while 48% acquired their HCV before becoming infected with HIV. Exposure by IDU (OR=3.8, 95% CI:2.6-6.7), IDU & Heterosexual contact (OR=3.3, 95% CI:1.8-5.8), MSM & heterosexual contact (OR=2.7, 95% CI:1.1-6.7), MSM & IDU (OR=4.5, 95% CI:2.7-7.5) and all three factors MSM & IDU & Heterosexual contact (OR=4.8, 95% CI:2.1-11.1) had higher odds of HIV/HCV coinfection compare to heterosexual contact alone. MSM alone was not a statistically significant risk factor for coinfection. The 56 years and above age group had highest odds of HCV coinfection. Moreover, coinfected persons had 1.87 odds of dying (95% CI: 1.42-2.45) compared to those with HIV alone

Changing Africa’s impoverishing economic model: Towards a rewarding sustainable specialization model with a new factor of production

This paper highlights the impoverishing character of Africa’s  economic model in its world merchandise trade. With a view to reduce the ousting of the wealth of the continent by its trading partners, we develop a neo-factorial  specialization model in which we introduce technology and raw materials as endogenous factors of production of manufactured goods. In addition, we distinguish between skilled labor and unskilled. Considering raw  commodities as a factor production (natural capital) and making technology and skilled labor factors endogenous allows us to understand why Africa is historically specialized in raw material exports. We show how Africa can, thanks to its advantage in  natural resources, accumulate technology and human capital necessary to its industrialization in the second phase of the model, allowing it to eliminate the impoverishing effects of trade. The model predictions are quite optimistic in the second phase of Africa's opening process to the world. Calibrating the model on real data, results are consistent with some goals of sustainable development particularly in its economic and social  dimensions. The environmental dimension is however difficult to reconcile with both others.Keywords: Impoverishing specialization; African economies; Neo-factorial model; Natural resources; Values' chain