Estruturação e utilização de um banco de dados geotécnico da Ilha de Santa Catarina em SIG

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Engenharia Civil.Este estudo se propôs a apresentar um banco de dados associado ao mapeamento geotécnico desenvolvido para a Ilha de Santa Catarina. A região apresenta uma grande variabilidade de materiais e complexidade de deposição, com materiais de encostas e de deposição marinha. No trabalho utilizou-se a metodologia de mapeamento proposto por Davison Dias (1995), interpolando os mapas geotécnicos, pedológicos e altimétricos; e, com base em uma plataforma de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), foram gerados modelos digitais da área em estudo. Com a utilização dos dados das sondagens pelo Standard Penetration Test (SPT) cedidos pelas empresas, foram traçados os perfis do solo que serviram para caracterização do terreno em análise. Com essas informações, realizou-se uma análise da região de estudo, onde se concluiu que o mapa geotécnico associado a um Banco de dados pode ser uma ferramenta importante para o planejamento urbano, uma vez que possibilita a identificação de universos geotécnicos.This study aimed to present the geotechnical mapping developed for the Island of Santa Catarina. The region offers a great variety of materials and complexity deposition, materials and slopes of marine deposits. This work used the mapping methodology proposed by Davison Dias (1995), by interpolating the geotechnical maps, pedological and altimetry, and based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform, were generated digital models of the study area. Using data from surveys by Standard Penetration Test (SPT) were traced soil profiles that were used to characterize the land in question. With this information, we carried out an analysis of the study area, where its concluded that a geotechnical map associated with a database may be an important tool to the urban planning, once is possible the geotechnical universe identification

Short-term exercise training improves cardiac function associated to a better antioxidant response and lower type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase activity after myocardial infarction

Aims: We assessed the effects of a short-term exercise training on cardiac function, oxidative stress markers, and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) activity in cardiac tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) following experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Twenty-four SHR (aged 3 months) were allocated to 4 groups: sham+sedentary, sham+trained, MI+sedentary and MI+trained. MI was performed by permanent ligation of the coronary artery. Exercise training (treadmill) started 96 hours after MI and lasted for 4 weeks (~60% maximum effort, 4x/week and 40 min/day). Cardiac function (echocardiography), thioredoxin reductase (TRx), total carbonyl levels, among other oxidative stress markers and D3 activity were measured. A Generalized Estimating Equation was used, followed by Bonferroni’s test (p<0.05). Results: MI resulted in an increase in left ventricular mass (p = 0.002) with decreased cardiac output (~22.0%, p = 0.047) and decreased ejection fraction (~41%, p = 0.008) as well as an increase in the carbonyl levels (p = 0.001) and D3 activity (~33%, p<0.001). Exercise training resulted in a decrease in left ventricular mass, restored cardiac output (~34%, p = 0.048) and ejection fraction (~20%, p = 0.040), increased TRx (~85%, p = 0.007) and reduced carbonyl levels (p<0.001) and D3 activity (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our short-term exercise training helped reverse the effects of MI on cardiac function. These benefits seem to derive from a more efficient antioxidant response and lower D3 activity in cardiac tissue

Comparison of Cardiac and Vascular Parameters in Powerlifters and Long-Distance Runners: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Background: Cardiac remodeling is a specific response to exercise training and time exposure. We hypothesized that athletes engaging for long periods in high-intensity strength training show heart and/or vascular damage. Objective: To compare cardiac characteristics (structure and function) and vascular function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD] and peripheral vascular resistance [PVR]) in powerlifters and long-distance runners. Methods: We evaluated 40 high-performance athletes (powerlifters [PG], n = 16; runners [RG], n = 24) and assessed heart structure and function (echocardiography), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), FMD, PVR, maximum force (squat, bench press, and deadlift), and maximal oxygen uptake (spirometry). A Student’s t Test for independent samples and Pearson’s linear correlation were used (p < 0.05). Results: PG showed higher SBP/DBP (p < 0.001); greater interventricular septum thickness (p < 0.001), posterior wall thickness (p < 0.001) and LV mass (p < 0.001). After adjusting LV mass by body surface area (BSA), no difference was observed. As for diastolic function, LV diastolic volume, wave E, wave e’, and E/e’ ratio were similar for both groups. However, LA volume (p = 0.016) and BSA-adjusted LA volume were lower in PG (p < 0.001). Systolic function (end-systolic volume and ejection fraction), and FMD were similar in both groups. However, higher PVR in PG was observed (p = 0.014). We found a correlation between the main cardiovascular changes and total weight lifted in PG. Conclusions: Cardiovascular adaptations are dependent on training modality and the borderline structural cardiac changes are not accompanied by impaired function in powerlifters. However, a mild increase in blood pressure seems to be related to PVR rather than endothelial function

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv