Computational Model for the Construction of Cognitive Maps

The chapter considers an option for solving the problem of storing data in the Web environment and providing an access to the data, taking into account their semantics, i.e., in accordance with the nature of the tasks solved by users of different classes. The proposed solution is based on the use of presentation of the data in the form of semantic networks. As the main technical tool for describing access methods, the chapter proposes cognitive maps (CMs), which can also be considered as semantic networks of special type. When access is done, the presentation of information consistent with the semantic description of the user is provided. The suggested method of constructing CMs is based on the intensional logic. The solution is presented in the form of a computational model, which provides for the construction of CM’s dependence on the parameter. The proposed method of parametrization makes it possible to take into account the semantic characteristics of users of various classes. Some CM constructions for problem domain description are presented. A method for semantically oriented naming of CMs is proposed. The method is based on building of a functor of special type

Conducting polymer tattoo electrodes in clinical electro- and magneto-encephalography

Temporary tattoo electrodes are the most recent development in the field of cutaneous sensors. They have successfully demonstrated their performances in the monitoring of various electrophysiological signals on the skin. These epidermal electronic devices offer a conformal and imperceptible contact with the wearer while enabling good quality recordings over time. Evaluations of brain activity in clinical practice face multiple limitations, where such electrodes can provide realistic technological solutions and increase diagnostics efficiency. Here we present the performance of inkjet-printed conducting polymer tattoo electrodes in clinical electroencephalography and their compatibility with magnetoencephalography. The working mechanism of these dry sensors is investigated through the modeling of the skin/electrode impedance for better understanding of the biosignals transduction at this interface. Furthermore, a custom-made skin phantom platform demonstrates the feasibility of high-density recordings, which are essential in localizing neuropathological activities. These evaluations provide valuable input for the successful application of these ultrathin electronic tattoos sensors in multimodal brain monitoring and diagnosis

Influence of palm oil enriched diet on the morphofunctional condition of rats mandibular condylar cartilage

The aim of the study was to establish the morpho-functional condition of mandibular condylar cartilage in white rats of different ages under conditions of excessive use of palm oil and to assess the possibility of correcting the identified changes using the Garcinia Cambogia extrac

Direct patterning of organic conductors on knitted textiles for long-term electrocardiography.

Wearable sensors are receiving a great deal of attention as they offer the potential to become a key technological tool for healthcare. In order for this potential to come to fruition, new electroactive materials endowing high performance need to be integrated with textiles. Here we present a simple and reliable technique that allows the patterning of conducting polymers on textiles. Electrodes fabricated using this technique showed a low impedance contact with human skin, were able to record high quality electrocardiograms at rest, and determine heart rate even when the wearer was in motion. This work paves the way towards imperceptible electrophysiology sensors for human health monitoring

The problem of periodization of the work of Hans Erich Nossack

The article is devoted to the periodization of the works of the German writer H. E. Nossack, whose activities cover a significant period. Nossack collaborated with various literary associations and circles, worked with different publishing houses. His views are being shaped at a turning point for Germany. His works were banned; most of his early works were burned up during the bombing of Hamburg. He criticizes the consumer society, opposing it with his "chosen" heroes. His hero is forced to hide his essence, to be like everyone else, however, from work to work, Nossack has a motive of the court man in the street over the creator. The dialogical form allows you to see the clash between the man in the street and the "chosen one", whose search predetermines the appearance in the texts of the motives of sleep, escape from reality, existence on the verge of spaces. The problem of choice, questions of life and death, freedom are revealed by Nossack in the mainstream of existentialism, which the writer denies belonging to. In his works, Nossack builds a symbolic model of his country and a person in world destroyed by a catastrophe. The world perception of the hero, who finds himself on the border of spaces, is revealed with the aid of metaphysical symbols, antique plots, "intellectual games", and hoaxes. The analysis of cross-cutting images and motives, thus, shows that Nossack's work constitutes a single integrity.Статья посвящена периодизации творчества немецкого писателя Г. Э. Носсака, чья деятельность охватывает значительный период. Носсак сотрудничал с разными литературными объединениями и кружками, работал с разными издательствами. Его взгляды формируются в переломную для Германии эпоху. Его произведения оказываются под запретом, большая часть раннего творчества сгорает при бомбардировке Гамбурга. Он критикует общество потребителей, противопоставляя ему своих "избранных" героев. Его герой вынужден скрывать свою суть, быть как все, однако из произведения в произведение у Носсака появляется мотив суда обывателя над творцом. Диалогическая форма позволяет увидеть столкновение обывателя и "избранного", чей поиск предопределяет появление в текстах мотивов сна, ухода от реальности, существования на грани пространств. Проблема выбора, вопросы жизни и смерти, свободы раскрываются Носсаком в русле экзистенциализма, принадлежность к которому писатель отрицает. Носсак выстраивает символическую модель своей страны и человека в разрушенном катастрофой мире. Мироощущение героя, оказавшегося на границе пространств, раскрывается с помощью метафизических символов, античных сюжетов, "интеллектуальной игры", мистификаций. Анализ сквозных образов и мотивов, таким образом, показывает, что творчество Носсака составляет единую целостность, понять и расшифровать которую возможно лишь контексте взаимосвязи всех его художественных текстов

A Na+ conducting hydrogel for protection of organic electrochemical transistors.

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are being intensively developed for applications in electronics and biological interfacing. These devices rely on ions injected in a polymer film from an aqueous liquid electrolyte for their operation. However, the development of solid or semi-solid electrolytes are needed for future integration of OECTs into flexible, printed or conformable bioelectronic devices. Here, we present a new polyethylene glycol hydrogel with high Na+ conductivity which is particularly suitable for OECTs. This novel hydrogel was synthesized using cost-effective photopolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)-dimethacrylate and sodium acrylate. Due to the high water content (83% w/w) and the presence of free Na+, the hydrogel showed high ionic conductivity values at room temperature (10-2 S cm-1) as characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. OECTs made using this hydrogel as a source of ions showed performance that was equivalent to that of OECTs employing a liquid electrolyte. They also showed improved stability, with only a 3% drop in current after 6 h of operation. This hydrogel paves the way for the replacement of liquid electrolytes in high performance OECTs bringing about advantages in terms of device integration and protection

SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR MALIGNANT EPITHELIAL EYELID NEOPLASMS

The most common malignant eyelid tumors are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The study enrolled 28 patients (28 eyes) (8 men and 20 women) (mean age 74.1 ± 7.6 years). The postoperative follow-up was 23.3 ± 9.8 months. The objective of this investigation was to study the results of plastic surgery using flaps for extensive eyelid defects after removal of malignant epithelial eyelid neoplasms. The presented results of full-thickness resection of malignant epithelial eyelid neoplasms with single-stage flap reconstruction of extensive defects of the eyelid demonstrate good functional and cosmetic rehabilitation in the patients

In vivo recordings of brain activity using organic transistors.

In vivo electrophysiological recordings of neuronal circuits are necessary for diagnostic purposes and for brain-machine interfaces. Organic electronic devices constitute a promising candidate because of their mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility. Here we demonstrate the engineering of an organic electrochemical transistor embedded in an ultrathin organic film designed to record electrophysiological signals on the surface of the brain. The device, tested in vivo on epileptiform discharges, displayed superior signal-to-noise ratio due to local amplification compared with surface electrodes. The organic transistor was able to record on the surface low-amplitude brain activities, which were poorly resolved with surface electrodes. This study introduces a new class of biocompatible, highly flexible devices for recording brain activity with superior signal-to-noise ratio that hold great promise for medical applications