114 research outputs found
Penguasaan Tulisan Jawi di Kalangan Pelajar UPM
Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tujuan memperoleh maklumat tentang penguasaan tulisan Jawi di kalangan pelajar UPM. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 160 orang pelajar UPM bagi semester Mei sesi 1999 / 2000 yang mempunyai
peJbagai latar belakang tulisan Jawi dan sedang mengikuti program Bacelor daripada pelbagai fakulti. Mereka mengambil kursus BBM 3402 Sistem Tulisan Jawi. Latar belakang pendidikan Jawi responden diketahui menerusi jawapan borang
soal selidik. Sementara itu, ujian penguasaan kemahiran Jawi digunakan untuk melihat penguasaan tulisan Jawi pelajar dalam beberapa aspek. Aspek-aspek tersebut termasuk kemahiran membaca Jawi, kemahiran menulis Jawi dan kemahiran mengeja Jawi. Seterusnya, kajian ini menggunakan teori Carney yang mengemukakan dua pendekatan untuk menghuraikan permasalahan ejaan, iaitu Filologi dan Fungsian. Dalam kajian ini, kedua-dua pendekatan tersebut iaitu Filologi dan Fungsian diaplikasi dan diubah suai bagi tujuan menghuraikan permasalahan sistem ejaan Jawi. Dapatan telah menunjukkan bahawa pelajar-pelajar melakukan kesalahan ejaan dalam beberapa aspek ejaan seperti penggunaan huruf Jawi, pengejaan mengikut hukum, pengejaan mengikut pola dan pengejaan berimbuhan. Kumpulan responden daripada latar belakang Pendidikan Tidak Formal didapati
melakukan kesalahan yang lebih besar jumlahnya berbanding kumpulan responden daripada Sekolah Rendah, Sekolah Menengah, Sekolah Agama dan Maktab Perguruan. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa kesalahan aspek imbuhan paling banyak dilakukan oleh pelajar yang menjadi responden kajian ini. Ini diikuti oleh aspek jenis ejaan Jawi daripada akronim dan homograf. Dapatan soal selidik menunjukkan bahawa keseluruhan pelajar yang mengikuti program BBM 3402 masih mempunyai minat terhadap tulisan Jawi. Antara cadangan yang boleh dilakukan ialah para pelajar harus didedahkan dengan peraturan-peraturan mengeja Jawi secara lebih terancang dan konsisten dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Sistem ejaan Jawi terkini iaitu Sistem Ejaan Jawi Yang Disempurnakan harus dikuasai. Selain itu, penyeragaman dalam aspek ejaan yang lebih mantap harus diusahakan melalui kajian dan penyelidikan. Seterusnya, pelajar-pelajar perlu digalakkan menggunakan sistem ejaan Jawi yang baru (SEJYD) dalam penulisan mereka
Impact on environment assets: assessing post-flood environmental associated communicable diseases and the distributions through geospatial analysis
Flood causes serious health consequences especially on environmental-related diseases, particularty water and
vector-borne diseases. Receding flood waters and pooling water in poodle provides perfect conditions for mosquito
breeding, and increase in potential freshwater breeding sites results in larger numbers of mosquitoes, which would
increase the potential for outbreaks of vector-borne diseases such as dengue fever. Contact with contaminated soil
and water by animal urine will lead to leptospirosis. These diseases have relationship with the environment and other
geographical factors and they could be transmitted not only to the vulnerable groups but also to those who are living
near affected area. Therefore, the geospatial analysis is used to detenmine the relationship between: i. Cases of
leptospirosis and leptospira isolated from the environment (i.e. water and soil) in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan. ii.
Cases of dengue fever and distribution of Aedes mosquitoes in Kola Bharu and Bachok District, Kelantan
Detection, genotyping & transcriptome analysis of s.typhi & s paratyphi form well water & its association with geographical clustering on enteric fever
A total number of 936 waters samples were collected from the typhoid locality in the year 2011-2013. S. Typhi
was isolated from 2 samples whereby one them are from the outbreak cases in Pasir Mas, Kelantan dan the
other one is the sporadic cases. Multiplex PCR showed S. Typhi positives in 19 cases suggesting that the PCR
is more sensitive than the culture method. GIS analysis showed model of relationship between water positivity
and cases. The S. Typhi isolated from water samples from outbreak area was genotyped together with the S.
Typhi isolated from stools of food handlers in the same outbreak area. The pulse-field gel electrophoresis
(PFGE) showed similar pattern with the isolates from well water. The findings suggested that the carriers
among food handlers had contaminated the water and causing the outbreak. A representative S Typhi isolated
from stools of food handlers and one of the S. Typhi isolated from water samples were undergone genome and
RNA sequencing. The results showed that there are several genes that can differentiate between the two
isolates. Transciptome analysis showed that 1272 genes were upregulated when S. Typhi was incubated in well
water compared to the our genome analysis whereas 1065 genes were upregulated compared to CT18 genome
(reference genome sequence in GenBank, NCBI). Further downstream analysis will be continued using other
future grants
Pengekspresian dan Kajian Imunologi Ke Atas Gen mtp40 Daripada Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pembangunan vaksin yang berkesan adalah dianggap satu kaedah utama dalam
kawalan terhadap tuberkulosis di seluruh dunia. Fokus utama projek ini ialah protein
MTP40 pada M. tuberculosis yang telah di/aporkan sebelum ini mengandungi keduadua
epitop sel S dan sel T. Dalam kajian ini gerak balas keimunan terhadap 7 peptida
yang diterbitkan daripada protein MTP40 dalam M. tuberculosis telah diuji dengan
kaedah "enzyme linked immunosorbent assay" (ELISA) dan "Iymphoblastic
transformation test" (L TT) menggunakan spesimen pesakit TS (TS), individu yang
terdedah kepada TS tanpa gejala (HC) dan individu kawalan (NC). Gerak balas
antibodi terhadap peptida MTP40 secara umumnya didapati lebih tinggi dalam
kumpulan TS berbanding dengan kumpulan HC tetapi hanya peptida P1 dan P2 yang
memberikan perbezaan yang signifikan pada kedua-dua kumpulan tersebut. Di
samping itu, gerak balas limfosit terhadap peptida tersebut adalah lebih tinggi di
kalangan individu kumpulan HC berbanding dengan kumpulan TS di mana P1, P2, P5
dan P6 memberikan perbezaan yang signifikan. Keputusan ini mencadangkan MTP40
mung kin bergunak sebagai calon vaksin. Kajian lanjut telah dilakukan dengan lebih
mendalam untuk mengkaji kemungkinan ini.
Ge
Integrasi faktor persekitaran dalam memperkasa matlamat pembangunan universiti awam di Malaysia
Universiti Awam Malaysia mempunyai aspirasi pembangunan tertentu yang ingin diperkasa menerusi pelaksanaan rancangan pembangunan organisasi masing-masing. Namun demikian perubahan globalisasi dan tuntutan daripada pihak berkepentingan dewasa ini telah menyebabkan universiti awam Malaysia berhadapan dengan pelbagai faktor di persekitaran yang bertindak mempengaruhi serta mencabar matlamat pembangunan yang dirancang. Hal ini adalah kerana tekanan perubahan keperluan persekitaran mewujudkan pelbagai idea yang menuntut universiti membangun seiring dengan tuntutan keperluan tersebut (Kivinen & Rinne, 1991). Justeru kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh Universiti Awam Malaysia dalam menentu dan memperkasa matlamat pembangunan organisasi masing-masing. Data bagi kajian ini telah diperoleh melalui kaedah tinjauan (survey), yang menggunakan soal selidik sebagai alat ukur kajian. Satu set soal selidik yang mengandungi 39 item telah diedarkan melalui pos kepada 715 orang responden yang terdiri daripada; i) Pihak pengurusan atasan universiti; ii) Dekan; iii) Timbalan dekan; iv) Ketua jabatan/ Koordinator program/ Penyelaras program/ Pengerusi rancangan di universiti-universiti awam Malaysia.
Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pelaksanaan rancangan pembangunan universiti awam Malaysia paling mengutamakan matlamat pembangunan bagi komponen program akademik, penyelidikan dan konsultasi, program pengajian pasca siswazah, pengajaran dan pembelajaran, dan hal ehwal pelajar. Analisis lanjutan mendapati bahawa wujud perbezaan yang signifikan bagi keutamaan semua komponen teras antara universiti awam. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan majoriti responden berpendapat bahawa faktor kerajaan kurang diambil kira dalam rancangan pembangunan universiti mereka. Sebaliknya, faktor-faktor lain seperti kepakaran akademik dalam dan luar universiti, tekanan permintaan pasaran, infrastruktur universiti, perkembangan sains dan teknologi, perkembangan pendidikan tinggi global dan peruntukan kewangan diambil kira dalam perancangan pembangunan universiti mereka. Tegasnya perbezaan faktor-faktor yang diambil kira dan diadaptasi oleh sesebuah universiti merintis kepada perbezaan matlamat dalam pelaksanaan rancangan pembangunan antara universiti awam di Malaysia.Dapat dirumuskan bahawa matlamat pembangunan yang disasarkan oleh Universiti Awam Malaysia mempunyai perkaitan dengan faktor persekitaran yang diambil kira oleh organisasi tersebut. Hal ini yang telah merintis kepada perbezaan dalam keutamaan matlamat yang diberikan oleh Universiti Awam di Malaysia dalam memperkasa rancangan pembangunan masing-masing
Innovative Approaches Towards Development And Utilization Of Dna Diagnostics For Salmonella Typhi.
Demam kepialu berpunca daripada Salmonella Typhi kekal sebagai masalah kesihatan di negara-negara kurang membangun dan sedang membangun.
Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi remains a public health problem in underdeveloped and developing countries
Health and safety: real time detection of Bukholderia pseudomallei and pathogenic leptospira spp using a new portable amplification diagnostics system
Burkholderia pseudoma/lei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease with multifarious manifestations.
The gold standard for diagnosis is the culture that requires 2-7 days to obtain a result hindering successful treatment of
the patients. Leptospirosis is a widespread infection of human and animals (Rao eta/., 2003), and locally it assumes
considerable importance as a public health and economic problem. Early detection of Leptospira spp. is an essential
requirement in its management practice. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the gold standard with high sensitivity
that detects the group-specific antibodies but it is complex due to the requirement of maintaining strains or isolates for
the preparation of live antigens. The microscopy method using dark field microscope is reported as easier for visualizing
leptospiras in blood and urine but it lacks sensitivity. As an alternative to these methods, Orf2 and lip32L genes were
used to develop the DNA-based diagnostics and detect for the presence of Burkho/deria pseudomallei and pathogenic
Leptospira spp. Two sets of primers were designed and used to optimize the amplification of the two specific regions of
the desired genes. The amplification was successfully developed with the detection limit of detection limit of the orf2 and
lipl32 amplification 10 pg/~1 and 26.75 pg/~1 respectively. Both tests showed the amplification of the two genes are
specific and could be used to further verification and evaluation of the test. The findings suggested that the verification
of the specific primers for both Burkho/deria pseudomallei and pathogenic Leptospira spp. was successful. A probebased
amplification system will be further optimised with the presence of heating system as a complete portable system
for the preparedness of the bacterial detection during the flood situation
Gender of transformational school principals and teachers’ innovative behavior
The purpose of this paper is to examine the different levels of transformational leadership between male and female principals and their relationships with teachers' Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) in Malaysian secondary schools. In total, 477 teachers from various secondary schools were randomly selected as respondents (218 are working under female principals, while 259 of them are under male principals). This study revealed that the respondents agree that male principals practice transformational leadership higher than female principals. However, the female principals were highly influential on the teachers’ IWB compared to their male counterparts. This study provides a glimpse of the teachers' innovative behavior improvement resulted from transformational leadership by male and female school principals
Workplace Spirituality and Leadership Effectiveness Among Educational Managers in Malaysia.
The focus of this study was to investigate the relationship between the workplace
spirituality and leadership effectiveness among secondary school principals in
Malaysia. A quantitative technique (questionnaires) was used to collect data
from 1510 teachers of secondary schools across the four States of Northern Peninsular Malaysia, namely, Penang, Kedah, Perlis and Northern Perak. The results of this study indicate that workplace spirituality has an important role to playas an aide to leadership development, as well as leadership effectiveness. The results also confirmed that effective leadership practices could explain significant variance in teachers' satisfaction and commitment as well as
departmental performance. These findings are discussed in the light of currently available research literatures and both practical as well as theoretical implications of the study are highlighted. Future qualitative studies are needed to provide deeper insight
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