Inglise-eesti masintõlge: hindamine erinevate mudelite ja arhitektuuri

This thesis is based on three main objectives: at first, the implementation of RNMT+ archi-tecture with Relational-RNN model. This is an interaction between this architecture and the RNN model. Secondly, train three different translation models based on RNMT+, Trans-former, and sequence to sequence architectures. Previously, we have witnessed the perfor-mance comparison among RNMT+ with LSTM, Transformer, seq2seq, etc. Finally, evalu-ate the translation model based on training data. When implementing RNMT+, the core idea was to use a newer type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) instead of a widely used LSTM or GRU. Besides this, we evaluate the RNMT+ model with other models based on state-of-the-art Transformer and Sequence to Sequence with attention architectures. This evaluation (BLEU) shows that neural machine translation is domain-dependent, and translation based on the Transformer model performs better than the other two in OpenSubtitle v2018 domain while RNMT+ model performs better compared to other two in a cross-domain evaluation. Additionally, we compare all the above-mentioned architectures based on their correspond-ing encoder-decoder layers, attention mechanism and other available neural machine translation and statistical machine translation architectures. In estonian: See lõputöö põhineb kolmel põhieesmärgil: alguses RNMT + arhitektuuri rakendamine Relatsioon-RNN-mudeli abil. See on interaktsioon selle arhitektuuri ja RNN-mudeli vahel. Teiseks, koolitage kolme erinevat tõlkemudelit, mis põhinevad RNMT +, Trafo ja järjestusearhitektuuridel. Varem oleme olnud tunnistajaks RNMT + jõudluse võrdlusele LSTM, Transformeri, seq2seq jne abil. Lõpuks hinnake tõlkemudelit koolitusandmete põhjal. RNMT + rakendamisel oli peamine idee kasutada laialdaselt kasutatava LSTM või GRU asemel uuemat tüüpi korduvat närvivõrku (RNN). Lisaks hindame RNMT + mudelit koos teiste mudelitega, mis põhinevad tipptehnoloogial Transformer ja Sequence to Sequence koos tähelepanu arhitektuuridega. See hinnang (BLEU) näitab, et neuraalne masintõlge on domeenist sõltuv ja muunduril Transformer põhinev tõlge toimib paremini kui ülejäänud kaks OpenSubtitle v2018 domeenis, samal ajal kui RNMT + mudel toimib paremini kui ülejäänud kaks domeenidevahelist hindamist. Lisaks võrdleme kõiki ülalnimetatud arhitektuure nende vastavate kodeerija-dekoodri kihtide, tähelepanu mehhanismi ja muude saadaolevate närvi masintõlke ning statistiliste masintõlke arhitektuuride põhjal

CSA-X: Modularized Constrained Multiple Sequence Alignment

Imposing additional constraints on multiple sequence alignment (MSA) algorithms can often produce more biologically meaningful alignments. Hence, various constrained multiple sequence alignment (CMSA) algorithms have been developed in the literature, where researchers used anchor points, regular expressions, or context-free-grammars to specify the constraints, wherein alignments produced are forced to align around segments that match the constraints. In this thesis, we propose CSA-X, a modularized program of constrained multiple sequence alignment that accepts constraints in the form of regular expressions. It uses an arbitrary underlying multiple sequence alignment program to generate alignments, and is therefore modular. The name CSA-X refers to our proposed program generally, where the letter X is substituted with the name of a (non-constrained) multiple sequence alignment algorithm which is used as underlying MSA engine in the proposed program. We compare the accuracy of our program with another constrained multiple sequence alignment program called RE-MuSiC that similarly uses regular expressions for constraints. In addition, comparisons are also made to the underlying MSA programs (without constraints). The BAliBASE 3.0 benchmark database is used to assess the performance of the proposed program CSA-X, other MSA programs, and CMSA programs considered in this study. Based on the results presented herein, CSA-X outperforms RE-MuSiC, and scores well against the underlying alignment programs. It also shows that the use of regular expression constraints, if chosen well, created from the least conserved region of the correct alignments, improves the alignment accuracy. In this study, ProbCons and T-Coffee are used as the underlying MSA programs in CSA-X, and the accuracy of the alignments are measured in terms of Q score and TC score. On average, CSA-X used with constraints identified from the least conserved regions of the correct alignments achieves results that are 17.65% more for Q score, and 23.7% more for TC score compared to RE-MuSiC. In fact, CSA-X with ProbCons (CSA-PC) achieves a higher score in over 97.9% of the cases for Q score, and over 96.4% of the cases for TC score. In addition, CSA-X with T-Coffee (CSA-TCOF) achieves a higher score in over 97.7% of the cases for Q score, and over 94.8% of the cases for TC score. Furthermore, CSA-X with regular expressions created from the least conserved regions of the correct alignments achieves higher accuracy scores compared to standalone ProbCons and T-Coffee. To measure the statistical significance of CSA-X results, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test are performed, and these tests show that CSA-X results for the least conserved regular expression constraint sets from the correct BAliBASE 3.0 alignments are significantly different than those from RE-MuSiC, ProbCons, and T-Coffee

Safety Analysis and Solution of Rallysim

This thesis is about the safety analysis and the possible safety solutions of rallysim. A rallysim is a simulator which helps its user to enjoy the driving of a rally car game at the comfort of one’s home. To provide the feel of a rally car, it has various moving parts which can cause injuries to the user as well as the people around. In this thesis all the potential hazards with this simulator are identified and the possible protection against these hazards is suggested. An analysis was conducted in this project to make sure that the simulator meets all of the European Union standards and measurements

Influence of Word of Mouth on Consumer Buying Decision: Evidence from Bangladesh Market.

The purpose of this study is to define how word of mouth influence consumer’s buying behavior.  Word of mouth is becoming a strong tool for building brand in present time. The research used primary and secondary data for analysis. In primary data, 500 respondents’ data were collected and Microsoft excel used for analysis. The findings recommend that word of mouth has impact on consumer buying behavior. The results suggest that word of mouth built by trust and loyalty. The findings are based on small sample size however; the framework may be used for future research. The significance of word of mouth, particularly consumer buying behavior, is increased rapidly. The paper will give marketers a better understanding of word of mouth as well as consumer perceptions. Keywords: Word of mouth, Network marketing, Consumer buying behaviour, Consumer trust, Consumer loyalty

Impact of Stray Voltage on Renewable Energy-based Farm in Pacific Island Country

Recent advancements in solar technology offer an enormous opportunity for the people of Pacific Islands to use electricity from the off-grid solar system for both their energy needs and farming activities. However, a farm’s productivity and animal health might be seriously threatened if it experiences stray voltages caused by the improper grounding of its installed electrical systems. As a shift in the neutral point of an electrical system creates a current flow to the ground through conducting elements, the impacts of stray voltages need to be addressed from both technical and economic viewpoints. In this research, the effects of stray voltages passing through animals are explored using circuit designs for solar sources considering variable grounding resistances due to the different body resistances of various types of animals, and environmental and grounding design issues. A comparison of the stray voltages of two different sources (off-grid solar and traditional grid) with various configurations are conducted to determine their effects on a farm. Finally, their economic impacts together with possible techniques for mitigating them are explained

Impact of Stray Voltage on Renewable Energy-based Farm in Pacific Island Country

Recent advancements in solar technology offer an enormous opportunity for the people of Pacific Islands to use electricity from the off-grid solar system for both their energy needs and farming activities. However, a farm’s productivity and animal health might be seriously threatened if it experiences stray voltages caused by the improper grounding of its installed electrical systems. As a shift in the neutral point of an electrical system creates a current flow to the ground through conducting elements, the impacts of stray voltages need to be addressed from both technical and economic viewpoints. In this research, the effects of stray voltages passing through animals are explored using circuit designs for solar sources considering variable grounding resistances due to the different body resistances of various types of animals, and environmental and grounding design issues. A comparison of the stray voltages of two different sources (off-grid solar and traditional grid) with various configurations are conducted to determine their effects on a farm. Finally, their economic impacts together with possible techniques for mitigating them are explained

Determinants of bank profitability for the selected private commercial banks in Bangladesh: a panel data analysis

This study aims to investigate the determinants of profitability of fifteen selected private commercial banks in Bangladesh over the period 2005‒2015. The study emphasizes on the internal factors that affect bank profitability. This research uses panel data to explore the impact of nonperforming loan, cost to income ratio, loan to deposit ratio, commission fees, cost of fund and operating expenses on the profitability indicators of banks like return on asset and return on equity. The experimental outcomes have found strong evidence that nonperforming loan (NPL) and operating expenses have a significant effect on the profitability. Moreover, the results have shown that higher NPL may lead to less profit due to provision of classified loans. Again, higher loan to deposit (LD) ratio and cost of fund contribute towards profitability, but their impacts are not significant in the private commercial banks of Bangladesh

THE IMPACT OF ONE BELT ONE ROAD IN THE GARMENT SECTOR OF BANGLADESH

As the second largest garments producer and exporter in the world market after China, Bangladesh‘s readymade garment industry is one of the most important sector among others sectors, which serves a big market all over the world. Ready-made garments (RMG) of Bangladesh are considered as the backbone of its economy and have a great prospect to become the leading garment producer and exporter in the world market near future. Considering the biggest initiative of OBOR by Chinese government also known as New Silk Road initiative, which will be connected with more than 60 countries and sixty percent of total population in the world, Bangladesh is considered as a very important land both geographically and economically and has already declared to join in this initiative. While in recent years, the production cost of apparel in china is increasing very high and the opportunity cost of garments production is much higher than Bangladesh. So many buyers and producers are looking for a new destination for their investments and apparel business. In this situation OBOR initiative could be a window of opportunity as foreign direct investment (FDI) especially for RMG industry of Bangladesh. This paper focuses to find out what will be the impact of OBOR initiative on Bangladesh‘s economy specifically on garment sectors, and how Bangladesh will be benefited from this project, beside what steps Bangladesh government should be taken to make it meaningful.  Article visualizations

Tissue Heart Valve Replacement at BSMMU- Initial Experience with Two Cases

Research on prosthesis to replace diseased heart valves began almost simultaneously with mechanical valves which aredurable but with inherent thromboembolic complication requiring life-long anticoagulant therapy and tissue valves whichare more prone to structural failure but free from thromboembolic complication. Tissue valves are more useful in females ofreproductive age desiring a child, male patients older than 60 years of age and female patients over 55 years of age, patientshaving chronic liver disease, history of stroke, bleeding disorder and in presence of infective endocarditis. Gluteraldehydefixation at low pressure with removal of maximal amount of phospholipid have increased the durability of tissue valves inrecent years. Considering the better quality of life with tissue valve the trend is shifting towards using it more frequentlyaround the world. Recently two heart valve replacement operations using bovine perimount pericardial valve were done inthe department of cardiac surgery, BSMMU, one in aortic position another in mitral position, both in females of reproductiveage desiring children.The operations were technically demanding but the outcomes were uneventful. Tissue heart valvereplacement is a safe procedure and can be useful in female of child bearing age desiring children.Key Words: Tissue heart valve replacement; Aortic valve; Mitral valve; Bioprosthetic heart valves; Bovine perimountpericardial valve.DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v3i1.5511BSMMU J 2010; 3(1): 27-3