Channel Sharing based Medium Access Control Protocol for Wireless Nano Sensing Network

Recent advancement and grown up technologies has enabled the development and implementation of low-cost, energy efficient and versatile sensor networks. Sensor networks are built up with sensors that have the ability to sense physical or environmental property. Assumption can be made that Wireless Sensing Network (WSN) is able to sense environmental conditions at Nano and gaseous level. This architecture of Wireless Sensor Network is maintained by a sub-layer named Medium Access Control Layer that provides addressing and channel access control mechanism among multiple nodes of the network and makes these nodes capable to communicate with other nodes through a shared medium. The hardware that implements the MAC is referred to as a medium access controller. This paper finds the problems in selection of cluster nodes and transmitting data and also proposes an improved MAC protocol to minimize the problem

Comparative Analysis of MapReduce Framework for Efficient Frequent Itemset Mining in Social Network Data

Social networking sites are the virtual community for sharing information among the people It raises its popularity tremendously over the past few years Many social networking sites like Twitter Facebook WhatsApp Instragram LinkedIn generates tremendous amount data Mining such huge amount of data can be very useful Frequent itemset mining plays a significant role to extract knowledge from the dataset Traditional frequent itemsets method is ineffective to process this exponential growth of data almost terabytes on a single computer Map Reduce framework is a programming model that has emerged for mining such huge amount of data in parallel fashion In this paper we have discussed how different MapReduce techniques can be used for mining frequent itemsets and compared each other s to infer greater scalability and speed in order to find out the meaningful information from large dataset

Investigation of Power Performance of a PEM Fuel Cell Using MATLAB Simulation

Fuel cell based power generation systems have gained remarkable interest in this modern age, due to its high conversion efficiency and reliability. Among the different types of fuel cells, PEM fuel cells are achieving more significance due to its fast start up time and low operating temperature. This paper studies the mathematical model of proton exchange membrane of fuel cell (PEMFC) using Matlab/SIMULINK software. The paper consists of the calculation of cell voltage, stack current, ohmic loss, activation loss. This model is used to research the fuel cell behavior and the characteristic of output values at different parameters. The model consists of the cathode gas channel, gas diffuser, catalyst layer, and the membrane. In order to composite shape of the gas diffuser and for its gradient in liquid water content, the gas diffuser is modeled as a series of parallel layers with different porosity. It represents in terms of the physical and thermodynamic parameters of the fuel cell. The curve of polarization is expressed parametrically as a function of the surface over potential. This paper expresses for cathode internal as well as overall effectiveness factors, active fraction of the catalyst layer resistance, catalyst layer, limiting current density, and the slope of the polarization curve

The Role of Micro credit and Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) - Extent and Intensity of poverty, poverty alleviation and Outreach

This study is about micro credit and its contribution to the improvement and poverty reduction for millions of the poorest people of Bangladesh. Micro credit has a huge impact on the lives of millions of poor people particularly to women. Numerous scholars and NGOs have been working with micro credit to reach poor people, who are still not benefited by the conventional financial system. In this study, it has been tried to present evidence of the important contributions made by micro credit in the eradication of poverty by increasing the income generating activities, empowerment of poor people to access development services such as health and education, and reduction in vulnerability. Micro credit is now being considered as one of the most important and an effective mechanism for poverty reduction. Present study describes about micro credit activities and helps to investigate the impact of micro credit on the poor people of the society with the main focus on target people of the study area. Researcher mainly concise this study through client's (the poor people, who borrowed loan from micro credit institutions) perspective and build up this research based on questionnaire survey and field observation. Therefore, the objective of this study is to show how micro credit works to improve the quality of poor targeted groups and reducing poverty and how it affects the living standard (income, saving & health etc.) of the poor people in study area. Several micro credit institutions are working in the study area. Grameen Bank, BRAC, ASA and PROSHIKA are some of the prominent of them. These institutions are working tremendously to the empowerment, poverty reduction and improvement of living standards for the poor people in the study area. Keywords: Micro credit, MFIs and Poverty alleviation

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural dye from Swietenia mahagoni and its application on silk fabric

The current study deals with the extraction of natural dyes from the flower of the Sweitenia mahagoni plant by ultrasound-assisted extraction method using ethanol as solvent. Box-Behnken design has been employed to optimize and investigate the effect of three independent variables (sample-solvent ratio, sonication time and extraction temperature) on the natural dye yield. The results reveal that the experimental data are fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis with high coefficient of determination value (R2> 0.98, Adj. R² >0.96 & Pred. R² >0.81). Optimal extraction conditions for the dyes yield are: sample-solvent ratio 1/20 g/mL, sonication time 30 min and extraction temperature 50°C. Under these conditions, the highest dyes yield is predicted to be 0.855%. FTIR spectroscopy has been used to identify the major chemical group in the extracted dye. Further, dyeing of silk fabric has been carried out by an exhausted dyeing method and the dyeing property and fastness properties of the dyed samples are also assessed

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural dye from Swietenia mahagoni and its application on silk fabric

69-77The current study deals with the extraction of natural dyes from the flower of the Sweitenia mahagoni plant by ultrasound-assisted extraction method using ethanol as solvent. Box-Behnken design has been employed to optimize and investigate the effect of three independent variables (sample-solvent ratio, sonication time and extraction temperature) on the natural dye yield. The results reveal that the experimental data are fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis with high coefficient of determination value (R2> 0.98, Adj. R² >0.96 & Pred. R² >0.81). Optimal extraction conditions for the dyes yield are: sample-solvent ratio 1/20 g/mL, sonication time 30 min and extraction temperature 50°C. Under these conditions, the highest dyes yield is predicted to be 0.855%. FTIR spectroscopy has been used to identify the major chemical group in the extracted dye. Further, dyeing of silk fabric has been carried out by an exhausted dyeing method and the dyeing property and fastness properties of the dyed samples are also assessed

Outcome of two knots tension band wiring (TBW) in Mayo type-IIA olecranon fracture

Olecranon fracture is relatively common and accounts for approximately 40% of elbow joint fractures. It is an intra-articular fracture, so the aim of treatment is anatomic reduction, stable fixation and early mobilization. Tension band wiring (TBW) may be a popular and widely practiced method using either single knot or two knots techniques. Now two knots TBW are widely accepted by AO foundation as well as various countries. But single knot technique is commonly practiced in Bangladesh. The present study was done to see the clinical, radiologi- cal and functional outcome of two knots Tension band wiring (TBW) in Mayo type IIA olecranon fracture. This observational study was carried out by the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 32 patients with Mayo type IIA olecranon fractures were treated with two knots TBW, out of which 30 cases had completed at least 24 weeks of follow-up and analyzed for final functional outcome with Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). The mean age was 32.58±14.21 years and the male to female ratio was 2.6:1. The mean radiological union time was 8.15±2.25 weeks. In 6 (18.75%) cases, it took 6 weeks, in 18 (56.25%) cases, it took 8 weeks and in 8 (25.0%), it took 12 weeks. Complications were found in 21.9% of patients. At first follow-up after the operation showed that 21 (70.0%) had moderate pain and the final follow-up showed 21 (70.0%) had no pain. The mean arc of elbow motion at first follow-up and final follow-up were 61.090±16.2340 and 122.820±15.2870, respectively. The mean functional score at 1st follow-up was 6.75±5.63 and the last follow-up was 24.76±1.69. The mean total Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) scores at first and last follow-up were 40.65±14.48 and 94.13±8.35, respectively. Excellent and good outcomes were found among 21 (70.0%) and 9 (30.0%) patients, respectively. Two knots TBW technique is safe regarding overall complication rate, pain status and excellent outcome. BSMMU J 2022; 15(2): 90-9