Study of Factors That Influence Prediction of CO2 MMP

Prediction of minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) in miscible gas enhanced oil recovery (EOR) simulation depends on the ability of the equation of state to represent adequately the properties of components in the injected gas and oil mixtures over a wide range of conditions. Inaccurate description ol, the properties will undermine the predictive ability of the LOS model. The FOS can he used to calculate the NIMP by mo methods: numerical and analytical. Numerical methods involve 1-1) slim-tube simulation and mixedcell simulation. Analytical method utilises the key tic-line length algorithm. The purpose of this work aims to understand the füctors which affect the calculation 01- M NIP fir pure C'U, injection using, analytical I: OS method. Since the method requires accurate characterir. ation of the reservoir fluid. different selection of F . 0S. different selection of the PA'"f properties to match and the different selection of 1OS variables to adjust may give different prediction of MNIP. Proper treatment of- these tacturs will reduce the inaccuracy Of the MMP calculation from the EOS model. In this ýyork the läctors are studied by looking at three aspects: 1) the selection of EOS 2) the necessary PVT properties that the FOS need to match in order to predict the NiNIP accurately, and 3) the tuning strategies which are employed to match the LOS model with the PVT data for subsequent calculation of MMP This work attempts to investigate these factors by the 1ö11owing approaches: 1) comparison of available SOS's in a commercial PVT package and their performance when calculating MMP, 2) tuning the [OS to match selected PVT data and observing the predicted MMP from the tuned IFS, and ;) comparison of diflcrent tuning strategies proposed in the literature to tune the EOS to match the experiment data and evaluating the tuned EOS calculation 01' MNIP. The selected kOS s 11or comparison studs are PR Pencloux and SRK Pcneloux. For the matchim, PVT property stud. the I. OS model is tuned to match the solution gas! oil ratio ((1OR). the liquid phase density and the oil 1,61-Illation volume Iäctor (I: V1' ). In the tunings ariahies stud. MO diIi1rcnt tunin`s procedures are compared. Ile results sho\y that Or a pure ('O- miscible gas injection scenario. the SRK Peneloux IFS can he used to obtain acceptable IN-INI prediction. Besides matching the saturation pressure accurately. matching the density is also required. It is also shown that using the tuning, variables such as critical temperature 1,critical pressure P, acentric factor and the volume shill parameter can better tune the FOS Iiar accurate prediction of NINIP

KEMANDIRIAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MENGELOLA REMITAN MELALUI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO SYARI’AH PROGRAM GRAMEEN BANK

Abstrak: Banyaknya suami yang bekerja sebagai nelayan dengan ketidakpastian waktu melautnya, pada akhirnya memperbanyak keluarga nelayan masuk ke dalam kategori miskin, yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan istri-istri bekerja ke luar daerah, bahkan ke luar negeri. Hal inilah yang menguatkan peran istri bekerja dalam dua ranah, yaitu ranah domestik dan publik. Realitas hidup secara ekonomi dan sosial yang mengharuskan mereka menerjang budaya Madura. Meskipun demikian, secara tidak langsung dan otomatis, kemandirian perempuan akan menghapuskan mereka dari sikap ketidakadilan para suaminya, keluarganya, dan masyarakat Madura. Dari sinilah peneliti berupaya untuk memberdayakan kaum perempuan pesisir Madura untuk tidak hanya sekedar mandiri secara ekonomi dan sosial, namun kemandirian tersebut dibarengi dengan keadilan gender bagi mereka. Karenananya, peneliti berargumen bahwa perlu adanya pemberdayaan bagi kaum perempuan melalui penguatan ekonomi, yang akan melahirkan kemandirian perempuan dalam bidang ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan religiusitas mereka melalui pola Grameen Bank di Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syari’ah (LKMS), dengan program dana remitan. Hal ini penting dikarenakan pengelolaan keuangan remitan yang tidak bagus disebabkan oleh belum beranjaknya para keluarga yang istrinya bekerja ke luar negeri ke strata sosial yang lebih tinggi. Hal ini berbeda dengan daerah Kabupaten Malang Selatan, tepatnya di desa Kedungsalam kecamatan Donomulyo, di mana para keluarga yang ditinggalkan istrinya bekerja ke luar negeri lebih mandiri secara ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan religiusitasnya serta mampu menaikkan strata sosial ekonomi keluarganya. Abstract: Many husbands were fishermen with their fishing time of uncertainty, in turn reproduce fishing families in the category of the poor, which in turn led to the wives work outside the region and even abroad. This is what strengthens the role of the wife works in two spheres, domestic and public. And economic realities of life that requires them crashing socially Madura culture. Even so, indirectly, the independence of women would automatically eliminate them from the injustice of her attitude, her family, and the Madura. From this the researcher seeks to empower women to Madura coast not only economically and socially indepen-dent, but independence is coupled with gender justice for them. So the resear-chers argue that the need for the empowerment of women through economic strengthening, which will give birth to the independence of women in the economic, social, cultural, and their religiosity through a pattern of Grameen Bank in Sharia Microfinance Institutions (LKMS), the remittance of funds program. This is important because the financial management of remittances is not good, because the family has not move whose wife works abroad to the higher social strata. This is in contrast to the South Malang regency, namely Kedungsalam village sub Donomulyo, where the family left behind his wife worked abroad more economic independence, social, cultural, and religiosity and were able to raise her family socio economic strata. Kata kunci: Remitan, Grameen Bank, kemandirian perempuan, dan LKM

Investigation of Flow Mechanisms in Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage Process

In this study we investigate displacement mechanism for oil recovered using Gas- Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) method. For a typical oil recovery under gravity drainage, the recovery profile can be characterized by an initial bulk flow which occurs rapidly and a later film flow that extends for a longer duration. It is the latter period where film spreading, the ability of oil to spread above water in the presence of gas, is identified as the displacement mechanism responsible for recovering the remaining oil in gravity drainage process. Literature survey indicates that mathematical models for gravity drainage do not account for film spreading mechanism adequately. To address this knowledge gap in the literature, we would conduct experiments and simulation of mathematical model. The experiments aim to understand the role of film spreading in gravity drainage recovery. This is achieved by using spreading and non-spreading oils in sand packs, where the sand is either water-wet, oil-wet or fractional-wet. We would then evaluate the existing models to account for the observations obtained from these experiments. The experimental results show that oil recovery is higher in spreading fluid system in water-wet sands. In oil-wet sands recovery from non-spreading fluid system is higher than that of spreading fluid. For fractional-wet sands, the recovery trend is similar to that of oil-wet experiments in that the non-spreading fluid produces more oil than spreading fluid system. We explain the results in terms of pore scale mechanism and investigate the role of gravity, capillary and viscous forces during gravity drainage experiment. Curve fitting of the experimental data with gravity drainage models show that the model which incorporates film flow mechanism in its formulations is able to match most of the experimental data

Peran Organisasi Perempuan Islam Menghapus Ketidakadilan Gender terhadap Keluarga Berpoligami di Sumenep Madura

Poligami adalah masalah yang kurang diperhatikan di Indonesia. Hal ini terjadi dikarenakan Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memperbolehkan poligami dengan syarat tertentu. Dalam penelitian ini, pandangan dan peran anggota organisasi Islam perempuan terhadap poligami akan diteliti. Peran organisasi perempuan Islam tersebut melibatkan tiga unsur organisasi yakni Fatayat dan Muslimat (NU) serta Aisyiah (Muhammadiyah). Dari penelitian ini didapat bahwa organisasi perempuan Islam di Sumenep tidak memiliki peran apapun dalam menghapus ketidakadilan gender berpoligami. Dari berbagai program pemberdayaan perempuan tersebut, peneliti melihatnya sebagai bagian dari proses penyadaran perempuan untuk meningkatkan emansipasi dirinya. Organisasi perempuan Islam tidak punya inisiatif untuk mencari atau turun ke lapangan melihat realitas anggotanya yang mengalami Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) ketidakadilan gender

MAHALNYA SEBUAH IDENTITAS PERADABAN MADURA: Cinta Semu Kebudayaan Madura

Madura sebagai sebuah pulau yang berada di ujung timur pulau Jawa, semakin dikenal seiring dengan adanya jembatan penghubung antara Surabaya dengan pulau Madura yakni Jembatan Suramadu. Jembatan terpanjang di Indonesia bahkan di Asia Tenggara, dengan panjang 5,43 KM. Selain itu, Madura juga dikenal dengan berbagai kelebihan lainnya. Di antaranya, budaya, agama, politik, ekonomi, gender, dan wisatanya

PEREMPUAN KORBAN PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI MADURA

The study views the problematic of human trafficking in depth, that becomes a crucial issue in politic domain since 1990’s. Feminists, human right organizations, women social movements, and all thes sides that care about the issue are on attempts to reveal human trafficking, women who are immigrated forcedly and prostituted. This is an international problem and type of modern day slavery. By this point the researcher tends to describe women, the victims of human traficcking in Madura. The study uses biographic qualitative method resulting the description of the process of human trafficking genesis, victim period, and post victim period when they get back home. Economy, family endorsement, education, and self motivation have been the reasons of the human trafficking. The early process, placing, and returning cannot be seperated with the various kinds of sorrows—sexual harassment, raping, unsalaried, tortured, and longer woring hours. What a very long and sad biography. The researh result is hopefullyable  to attract the intentions of those who care against the human trafficking in order to act,  prevent, and to avoid cheated women in future.Copyright (c) 2015 by KARSA. All right reservedDOI: 10.19105/karsa.v23i1.608

Disguised Resistance of Madurese Salt Farming Community

The problems of Madurese salt farmers, ranging from poverty, quality of production, low salt prices, to 'seizure' of the lands by Dutch Colonialism through the total reorganization program in 1936 as well as the project of modernization and renovation of the New Order regime in 1975 have become the triggers of the resistance put up by the salt farming community. The purpose of this article is to picture out the dynamics of the resistance by Madurese salt farming community through the theoretical analysis of James Scott, namely the daily resistance by Madurese salt farming community, which the writer -in other words-  say 'disguised resistance'. The method used is qualitative with an ethnographic approach. The result is that there are two forms of disguised resistance put up by the Madurese salt farming community i.e. the resistance against PT. Garam and the resistance against the land ownres

Al-Manhâj al-Fiqhî ‘Inda Jamâ’ah “Muassah al-Da’wah al-Islâmiyah al-Indûnîsiyah” (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia) wa Âtsâruhu Fî Istinbâth al-Ahkâm al-Syar’iyyah

Indonesian Islamic Da’wa  Institution or Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia (LDII) tends to embrace exclusivity and takfiri ideology. Though the group denied the claim, evidences from their fiqh manhaj foundation said the opposite. Employing library research method in descriptive qualitative fashion, this article attempts to address this issue by revealing the fiqh manhaj LDII employs and its influences over the legal decisions LDII takes. Content analysis in tandem with document triangulation and structured interviews was applied to investigate the textual references LDII uses. The findings indicate that LDII employs a fiqh manhaj called manqul, knowledge transmission centered around LDII founder – Nur Hasan ‘Ubaidah. This manhaj is influential for LDII in issuing legal decisions which tend to be exclusive and takfiri. In some cases, the fiqh manhaj of LDII was considered to be contradictory against ahlus sunnah fiqh manhaj which embraces openness and non-takfiri ideology.Indonesian Islamic Da’wa Institution or Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia (LDII) tends to embrace exclusivity and takfiri ideology. This article attempts to reveal the fiqh manhaj (method) that LDII employs and its influences on the legal decisions LDII takes by employing the library research method in descriptive qualitative type. The content analysis in tandem with document triangulation and structured interviews were applied to investigate the textual references LDII uses. The findings indicate that LDII employs a fiqh manhaj called manqul. This influences the law istinbath of LDII. Mandatory to remain in the congregation (jamaah), taking the oath of allegiance to the leader of the jamaah, the claim by the jamaah leader of the right to construct sharia law, license to lie, and takfiri are some controversial products of the manqul. With takfiri as the most dangerous product of the manqul, it befalls the government of Indonesia to watch over this jamaah. اشتهرت مؤسسة الدعوة الإسلامية الإندونيسية أو ما يسمى بـــ LDII بتكفيرها على جميع المسلمين سوى جماعتهم. وتهدف هذه الدراسة لمعرفة أصل المنهج الفقهي عند هذه الجماعة وآثاره في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية عندهم. واعتمدت الدراسة على منهج البحث الوصفي التحليلي، بطريقة تحليل المحتوي أو ما يسمى بــ (content analysis). وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى القول بأن أصل المنهج الفقهي عند هذه الجماعة هو ما يسمى بـ"المنقول". وإن لهذا المنهج الفقهي أثار كبير في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية عند هذه الجماعة. ومن بينها: لزوم الناس لجماعتهم، وجوب البيعة لإمامهم، وجوب الإنفاق، ادعاء إمامهم أن لهم حقّ في تشريع الأحكام، إباحة التقية أو الكذب على الآخرين. ومن أخطر هذه المخالفات تكفيرهم لجميع المسلمين ممن ليسوا من جماعتهم. لأن هذا الاستنباط له أثر سيئ لوحدة الشعب، ولذا على حكومة إندونيسيا أن تتنبه دائما تجاه هذه الجماعة المنحرفة