4,924 research outputs found
The physical origin of the X-ray power spectral density break timescale in accreting black holes
X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and black hole binaries can
be analysed by means of the power spectral density (PSD). The break observed in
the power spectrum defines a characteristic variability timescale of the
accreting system. The empirical variability scaling that relates characteristic
timescale, black hole mass, and accretion rate () extends from supermassive black holes in AGN down
to stellar-mass black holes in binary systems. We suggest that the PSD break
timescale is associated with the cooling timescale of electrons in the
Comptonisation process at the origin of the observed hard X-ray emission. We
obtain that the Compton cooling timescale directly leads to the observational
scaling and naturally reproduces the functional dependence on black hole mass
and accretion rate (). This result simply
arises from general properties of the emission mechanism and is independent of
the details of any specific accretion model.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics,
Letters to the Edito
Supersymmetric Matrix model on Z-orbifold
We find that the IIA Matrix models defined on the non-compact ,
and orbifolds preserve supersymmetry where the fermions
are on-mass-shell Majorana-Weyl fermions. In these examples supersymmetry is
preserved both in the orbifolded space and in the non-orbifolded space at the
same time. The Matrix model on orbifold has the same
supersymmetry as the case of
orbifold which was pointed out previously.
On the other hand the Matrix models on and orbifold have
a half of the supersymmetry. We further find that the Matrix model
on orbifold with a parity-like identification preserves
supersymmetry.Comment: 21 pages, no figur
Synchrotron radio emission in radio-quiet AGNs
The basic mechanism responsible for radio emission in radio-loud active
galactic nuclei (AGNs) is assumed to be synchrotron radiation. We suggest here
that radio emission in radio-quiet objects is also due to synchrotron radiation
of particles accelerated in shocks. We consider generic shocks and study the
resulting synchrotron properties. We estimate the synchrotron radio luminosity
and compare it with the X-ray component produced by inverse Compton emission.
We obtain that the radio to X-ray luminosity ratio is much smaller than unity,
with values typical of radio-quiet sources. The predicted trends on source
parameters, black hole mass and accretion rate, may account for the
anticorrelation between radio-loudness and Eddington ratio observed in
different AGN samples.Comment: 5 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic
Observables and Correlation Functions in OSp Invariant String Field Theory
We define BRST invariant observables in the OSp invariant closed string field
theory for bosonic strings. We evaluate correlation functions of these
observables and show that the S-matrix elements derived from them coincide with
those of the light-cone gauge string field theory.Comment: 23 page
Common Structures in Simplicial Quantum Gravity
The statistical properties of dynamically triangulated manifolds (DT mfds) in
terms of the geodesic distance have been studied numerically. The string
susceptibility exponents for the boundary surfaces in three-dimensional DT mfds
were measured numerically. For spherical boundary surfaces, we obtained a
result consistent with the case of a two-dimensional spherical DT surface
described by the matrix model. This gives a correct method to reconstruct
two-dimensional random surfaces from three-dimensional DT mfds. Furthermore, a
scaling property of the volume distribution of minimum neck baby universes was
investigated numerically in the case of three and four dimensions, and we
obtain a common scaling structure near to the critical points belonging to the
strong coupling phase in both dimensions. We have evidence for the existence of
a common fractal structure in three- and four-dimensional simplicial quantum
gravity.Comment: 10 pages, latex, 6 ps figures, uses cite.sty and psfig.st
Introducing Dynamical Triangulations to the Type IIB Superstrings
In order to consider non-perturbative effects of superstrings, we try to
apply dynamical triangulations to the type IIB superstrings. The discretized
action is constructed from the type IIB matrix model proposed as a constructive
definition of superstring theory. The action has the local N=2 supersymmetry
explicitly, and has no extra fermionic degrees of freedom. We evaluate the
partition function for some simple configurations and discuss constraints
required from the finiteness of partition functions.Comment: LATTICE99, 3 pages, LaTeX with 2 figures, espcrc2.st
An Exact Bosonization Rule for c=1 Noncritical String Theory
We construct a string field theory for c=1 noncritical strings using the loop
variables as the string field. We show how one can express the nonrelativistic
free fermions which describes the theory, in terms of these string fields.Comment: 17 pages, to appear in JHE
Asymptotically AdS brane black holes
We study the possibility of having a static, asymptotically AdS black hole
localized on a braneworld with matter fields, within the framework of the
Randall and Sundrum scenario. We attempt to look for such a brane black hole
configuration by slicing a given bulk spacetime and taking Z_2 symmetry about
the slices. We find that such configurations are possible, and as an explicit
example, we provide a family of asymptotically AdS brane black hole solutions
for which both the bulk and brane metrics are regular on and outside the black
hole horizon and brane matter fields are realistic in the sense that the
dominant energy condition is satisfied. We also find that our braneworld models
exhibit signature change inside the black hole horizon.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, RevTex; v2: clarifications added, figures
updated, eq.31 corrected, comment on small four dimensional cosmological
constant limit added, character size increased, results unchanged. v3:
reference added, version accepted in Phys. Rev. D (2006
X-ray power law spectra in active galactic nuclei
X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are usually described as power
law spectra, characterized by the spectral slope or photon index
. Here we discuss the X-ray spectral properties within the framework of
clumpy accretion flows, and estimate the power law slope as a function of the
source parameters. We expect harder spectra in massive objects than in less
massive sources, and steeper spectra in higher accretion rate systems. The
predicted values of the photon index cover the range of spectral slopes
typically observed in Seyfert galaxies and quasars. The overall trends are
consistent with observations, and may account for the positive correlation of
the photon index with Eddington ratio (and the possible anticorrelation with
black hole mass) observed in different AGN samples. Spectral properties are
also closely related to variability properties. We obtain that shorter
characteristic time scales are associated with steeper spectra. This agrees
with the observed `spectral-timing' correlation.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, Astronomy and Astrophysics, accepte
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