Trace Elements in Dentistry: A Review

As human body needs in and around two thirds of all the elements so as to maintain the health and our human body contains elements which are well known as abundant elements as well as trace elements. Due to biological and chemical reactions, trace elements, being part of a few enzymesare very important. They work not in collaboration with proteins but definitely with other co-enzymes. At earlier stage dental profession was involved with the field of trace elements and their association with dental disease. So, understanding of these trace elements is essential and significant for disease control as well as for optimal health

Algorithmic Personnel Management: A Personnel Slack View

This study delves into the potential influence of Algorithmic Personnel Management (APM)-based systems on optimizing personnel management (PM) processes and their subsequent impact on personnel slack. Employing a multi-case study analysis, we probe the capabilities afforded by APM-based systems, with a keen focus on their potential effects on PM processes, personnel slack, and organizational outcomes. Our exploration intimates the possibility of APM-based systems augmenting talent acquisition, talent management, and performance management processes, aligning employee competencies with organizational opportunities, and fostering adaptability amidst tumultuous business landscapes. Furthermore, the study conjectures the metamorphosis of conventional personnel managerial roles within the APM-based systems context, accentuating the necessity for personnel managers to acclimate to strategic and analytical duties. This research endeavors to enrich the academic discourse on algorithmic personnel management, workforce optimization, and organizational outcomes, proffering pragmatic implications for organizations contemplating APM-based systems implementation and shedding light on prospective trajectories for future inquiries

Seismic Pounding Effects in Buildings

Major seismic events during the past decade such as those that have occurred in Northridge, Imperial Valley (May 18, 1940), California (1994), Kobe, Japan (1995), Turkey (1999), Taiwan (1999) and Bhuj, Central Western India (2001) have continued to demonstrate the destructive power of earthquakes, with destruction of engineered buildings, bridges, industrial and port facilities as well as giving rise to great economic losses. Among the possible structural damages, seismic induced pounding has been commonly observed in several earthquakes. As a result, a parametric study on buildings pounding response as well as proper seismic hazard mitigation practice for adjacent buildings is carried out. Therefore, the needs to improve seismic performance of the built environment through the development of performance-oriented procedures have been developed. To estimate the seismic demands, nonlinearities in the structure are to be considered when the structure enters into inelastic range during devastating earthquakes. Despite the increase in the accuracy and efficiency of the computational tools related to dynamic inelastic analysis, engineers tend to adopt simplified non-linear static procedures instead of rigorous non-linear dynamic analysis when evaluating seismic demands. This is due to the problems related to its complexities and suitability for practical design applications. The push over analysis is a static, nonlinear procedure that can be used to estimate the dynamic needs imposed on a structure by earthquake ground motions. This project entitled “Seismic Pounding Effects in Buildings.” aims at studying seismic gap between adjacent buildings by dynamic and pushover analysis in SAP2000. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the minimum seismic pounding gap between two adjacent structures by response Spectrum analysis for medium soil and Elcentro Earthquake recorded excitation are used for input in the dynamic analysis on different models.. The effect of impact is studied using linear and nonlinear contact force on models for different separation distances and compared with nominal model without pounding consideration. Pounding produces acceleration and shear at various story levels that are greater than those obtained from the no pounding case, while the peak drift depends on the input excitation characteristics. Also, increasing gap width is likely to be effective when the separation is sufficiently wide practically to eliminate contact. The results of pushover analysis viz. pushover curves and capacity spectrum for three different lateral load patterns are observed to study the effect of different lateral load pattern on the structural displacement to find out minimum seismic gap between buildings

A comparative study between anterior and posterior approach for bipolar hemiarthroplasty in intracapsular fracture neck of femur

Background: The present study was undertaken to to compare the efficacy of treatment of intracapsular neck of femur fracture operated by anterior and posterior approaches.Methods: A total 100 patients of either sex, aged >65 years with intracapsular neck femur fracture were operated with hemiarthroplasty. The patients were divided into two equal groups and patients were operated alternatively one with anterior approach and the second with posterior approach. Functional outcomes were compared using Harris hip score and range of movements assessed clinically. Hip function and final outcome measures were noted and compared between two groups.Results: The mean age of patients was 63.1±5.3 years in group A and 65.8±5.4 years in group B with female to male ratio was 1.7:1 for group A and 1.8:1 for group B. Operating time for group A and for group B was 65 and 78 minutes respectively. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 120 ml in group A and 150 ml in group B. The most common complication in both the groups were infection and rate in group A was 9.70% and in group B was 13.50%. Posterior approach carried an increased risk of prosthetic dislocation as compared to anterior approach. There was no intraoperative mortality seen in follow up period.Conclusions: Anterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly population with intracapsular femoral neck fractures provided significant benefit in early postoperative period when compared to the posterior approach in terms of duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, time of recovery, hip dislocation rate

Machine Learning-based Automatic Annotation and Detection of COVID-19 Fake News

COVID-19 impacted every part of the world, although the misinformation about the outbreak traveled faster than the virus. Misinformation spread through online social networks (OSN) often misled people from following correct medical practices. In particular, OSN bots have been a primary source of disseminating false information and initiating cyber propaganda. Existing work neglects the presence of bots that act as a catalyst in the spread and focuses on fake news detection in 'articles shared in posts' rather than the post (textual) content. Most work on misinformation detection uses manually labeled datasets that are hard to scale for building their predictive models. In this research, we overcome this challenge of data scarcity by proposing an automated approach for labeling data using verified fact-checked statements on a Twitter dataset. In addition, we combine textual features with user-level features (such as followers count and friends count) and tweet-level features (such as number of mentions, hashtags and urls in a tweet) to act as additional indicators to detect misinformation. Moreover, we analyzed the presence of bots in tweets and show that bots change their behavior over time and are most active during the misinformation campaign. We collected 10.22 Million COVID-19 related tweets and used our annotation model to build an extensive and original ground truth dataset for classification purposes. We utilize various machine learning models to accurately detect misinformation and our best classification model achieves precision (82%), recall (96%), and false positive rate (3.58%). Also, our bot analysis indicates that bots generated approximately 10% of misinformation tweets. Our methodology results in substantial exposure of false information, thus improving the trustworthiness of information disseminated through social media platforms

Dopamine induces functional extracellular traps in microglia

Dopamine (DA) plays many roles in the brain, especially in movement, motivation, and reinforcement of behavior; however, its role in regulating innate immunity is not clear. Here, we show that DA can induce DNA-based extracellular traps in primary, adult, human microglia and BV2 microglia cell line. These DNA-based extracellular traps are formed independent of reactive oxygen species, actin polymerization, and cell death. These traps are functional and capture fluorescein (FITC)-tagged Escherichia coli even when reactive oxygen species production or actin polymerization is inhibited. We show that microglial extracellular traps are present in Glioblastoma multiforme. This is crucial because Glioblastoma multiforme cells are known to secrete DA. Our findings demonstrate that DA plays a significant role in sterile neuro-inflammation by inducing microglia extracellular traps