Family Dyads, Emotional Labor, And The Theater Of The Clinical Encounter: Co-Constructive Patient Simulation As A Reflective Tool In Child And Adolescent Psychiatry Training

Patient simulation has been used in medical education to provide a safe and supportive learning environment for learners to practice clinical and interpersonal skills. However, simulation involving pediatric medicine and child psychiatry is rare and generally does not reflect the child-caregiver dyad or the longitudinal aspects of this care and does not provide learners an opportunity to engage with and reflect on these dynamics. We organized a series of 7 observed patient simulation sessions with a cohort of 7 senior child and adolescent psychiatry fellows as an educational opportunity. In these sessions, we utilized the previously described co-constructive patient simulation model to create the simulation cases. We included the use of at least two patient actors in almost all sessions, and two of the case narratives were longitudinally followed across multiple simulation sessions. We conducted a thematic analysis of the data collected from the debriefing sessions after each simulation case via a symbolic interactionist approach. Using the data from the debriefing sessions, I first analyzed the reflections on the simulation experience via a dramaturgical perspective. I then developed the following themes based on a symbolic interactionist approach to the debriefing data: (1) centering the child, allying with the parent, and treating the family system, (2) reflecting on dyadic challenges: role reversal and individuation, (3) ambivalence in and about the parent-child dyad, (4) accepting uncertainty and the unknown and focusing on the here and now, and (5) longitudinal narratives and changing contexts. The depth of participant reflections during the debriefing sessions suggested the emotional authenticity and interpersonal complexity of the simulation cases. The emotional experience of the simulations, for interviews and observers alike, provided an opportunity to reflect on personal and professional experiences and triggered meaningful insights and connections between participants. I then examined the questions of whether we truly simulated the parent-child dyad and whether we truly created a safe space. I explored how CCPS reproduces emotional authenticity and emotional labor. In discussing emotional authenticity, I interrogated the concept of “authenticity” further, explored authentic performance via Stanislavski’s system, and examined how Medical Education Empowered by Theater (MEET) harnesses the power of performance to create emotionally authentic experiences that lead to personal and professional growth. In discussing emotional labor, I turned to Hochschild’s The Managed Heart and complicated the notion of emotional labor in child and adolescent psychiatry. I then examined dyadic relationships as holding environments. I outlined Winnicott’s conceptualization of the mother-infant dyad as the first holding environment and how therapeutic dyads can function as holding environments. I then considered the debriefing session as a holding environment between learners and for the instructor-learner dyad

The Effects of D2 Receptor Modulation on Locomotor Development in Danio rerio

This study utilized a novel design to investigate the sensitivity of D2 dopamine receptors to modulating compounds through multiple exposures over early development of zebrafish larvae. Zebrafish were dosed for 30 minutes from 5-8 days post fertilization (dpf) with 16µ/mol of either a D2 antagonist, haloperidol, or a D2 agonist, quinpirole hydrochloride. Two other groups were then dosed with these compounds from 9-12dpf. The effects of D2 receptor modulation were measured by analyzing motor activity on measures of movement distance, frequency, and velocity. Results indicated that larvae dosed with haloperidol on 5dpf had increased activity after the first dosage, but these differences lessened over days 6-8dpf. While conversely, the quinpirole group displayed a decrease in movement activity during trials but in this case, there was a greater deviation from control on trials during 7 and 8dpf. These effects were not observed in subjects dosed from 9-12dpf, which displayed no significant differences from control activity, supporting the hypothesis that those dosed earlier in development would experience greater impacts of D2 modulation. Follow up testing at 16-18dpf did not result in statistically significant differences across treatments, but there were trends on all three measures of lower activity in the quinpirole 5-8dpf group and increased levels of activity in the haloperidol 5-8dpf group. Taken together, these results provide further support for use of Danio rerio larval locomotor activity as a measure of D2 receptor modulation as well as evidence for differential impacts on dopaminergic activity dependent upon the period of drug administration

Influence of height of wheels on the draft of farm wagons

Cover title.Also continuously numbered from previous Bulletin (p. 144-165) on upper outside corners

A New Colorimetric Assay of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic (Abasic) Sites of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Using Bicinchoninic Acid [

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP or abasic) sites are DNA lesions that result from the loss of a nucleobase by hydrolysis of the N-glycosyl bond. It is estimated that AP sites are the most frequent lesions in cells with about 10,000-50,000 times per day per cell under typical aerobic conditions [2]. The formation of AP sites is caused by environmental and cancer therapeutic genotoxins such as alkylating agents, oxidizing agents, ionizing radiation, and ultraviolet radiation.https://scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/celebration_posters_2022/1024/thumbnail.jp

THE ROLE OF DEMOGRAPHIC, PRE-COLLEGE, AND INVOLVEMENT FACTORS ON POSTSECONDARY ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF FIRST-GENERATION COLLEGE STUDENTS: FINDINGS FROM A NATIONAL STUDY.

This study explored whether factors, such as demographic characteristics, pre-college academic achievement (measured by self-reported high school grade point average), and college involvement have an influence on the postsecondary academic achievement of first-generation college students as measured by self-reported college grade point average. This study addressed first-generation college students who attend a four-year institution. This exploration used Astin's (1970; 1993) inputs-environments-outcomes model as a theoretical framework and utilized multiple regression for statistical analysis. The findings showed that the four blocks in the study explained approximately 12.4% of the variance of postsecondary academic achievement. Specifically, demographic characteristics and pre-college academic achievement explained the majority of the variance of postsecondary academic achievement. This study's findings cautiously offer practical implications for higher education administrators and researchers

Hox-logic of preadaptations for social insect symbiosis in rove beetles

How symbiotic lifestyles evolve from free-living ecologies is poorly understood. Novel traits mediating symbioses may stem from preadaptations: features of free-living ancestors that predispose taxa to engage in nascent interspecies relationships. In Metazoa's largest family, Staphylinidae (rove beetles), the body plan within the subfamily Aleocharinae is preadaptive for symbioses with social insects. Short elytra expose a pliable abdomen that bears targetable glands for host manipulation or chemical defense. The exposed abdomen has also been convergently refashioned into ant- and termite-mimicking shapes in multiple symbiotic lineages. Here we show how this preadaptive anatomy evolved via novel Hox gene functions that remodeled the ancestral coleopteran groundplan. Using the model staphylinid Dalotia coriaria, we abolished activities of the five thoracic and abdominal Hox genes. We show that elytral shortening is a staphylinid-specific property of the Hox-less appendage ground state, which is overridden in the metathorax by Ultrabithorax to promote hind wing expansion. In the exposed abdomen, we present evidence that defensive gland development stems from novel combinatorial outputs of the Abdominal-A and Abdominal-B Hox proteins: in the posterior compartment of tergite VI they specify a chemical gland reservoir, an imaginal disc-like invagination of ectodermal secretory cells; in the anterior compartment of tergite VII Abdominal-A and Abdominal-B specify clusters of classical duct-bearing glands. These distinct gland cell types collectively synthesize a blend of benzoquinone irritants, surfactant esters and alkane solvent, a defensive chemistry, which in symbiotic species has been augmented with specialized volatiles that potently manipulate ant behavior. These results reveal how Hox-controlled body axis modifications caused a convergent trend towards evolving symbiosis in the Metazoa

Functional Profiling of Transcription Factor Genes in Neurospora crassa.

Regulation of gene expression by DNA-binding transcription factors is essential for proper control of growth and development in all organisms. In this study, we annotate and characterize growth and developmental phenotypes for transcription factor genes in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa We identified 312 transcription factor genes, corresponding to 3.2% of the protein coding genes in the genome. The largest class was the fungal-specific Zn2Cys6 (C6) binuclear cluster, with 135 members, followed by the highly conserved C2H2 zinc finger group, with 61 genes. Viable knockout mutants were produced for 273 genes, and complete growth and developmental phenotypic data are available for 242 strains, with 64% possessing at least one defect. The most prominent defect observed was in growth of basal hyphae (43% of mutants analyzed), followed by asexual sporulation (38%), and the various stages of sexual development (19%). Two growth or developmental defects were observed for 21% of the mutants, while 8% were defective in all three major phenotypes tested. Analysis of available mRNA expression data for a time course of sexual development revealed mutants with sexual phenotypes that correlate with transcription factor transcript abundance in wild type. Inspection of this data also implicated cryptic roles in sexual development for several cotranscribed transcription factor genes that do not produce a phenotype when mutated