The use of nanosecond electron beam for the eggs surface disinfection in industrial poultry

Development of the technology bases of egg disinfection using surface irradiation is executed by the nanosecond electron beam. Experiments on shell eggs irradiation using the frequency nanosecond URT-0.5 accelerator were made. Determination of absorbed dose distributionwas executed. In case of irradiation by the electron beam with absorbed dose level 5 kGy, it is enough for the full disinfection of the surface and pores of egg shell. The absorbed dose in the egg at the expense of bremsstrahlung will not exceed 0.08 Gy which can't have essential action on protein. Irradiation of shell eggs batch in plastic package of 100 pieces pledged in an incubator together with an inspection lot of not irradiated egg was made. The percent of eggs deductibility and chickens survival of pilot and control batches were identical, indicating that there was no significant radio biological effect from irradiation of egg internal structures. The received chickens were grown up within the 5 weeks. It is established that the chickens who are grown up from the irradiated egg have no essential differences in development. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science No. 16-16-04038)

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ОТНОШЕНИЕ К ЗДОРОВЬЮ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ

This work is dedicated to the study of psychological characteristics and attitude to health among patients with arterial hypertension. We hypothesized that it was important to study the picture of health not only for healthy individuals, but also for people with chronic somatic diseases for whom category «health» may be of particular significance. It was also important to study correlation between attitude to health and compliance to treatment.Работа посвящена исследованию психологических особенностей и отношения к здоровью у пациентов с психосоматическими заболеваниями на примере пациентов с артериальной гипертензией. В основу исследования легло предположение о том, что важно изучать картину здоровья не только у здоровых лиц, но и у людей, страдающих хроническими соматическими заболеваниями, для которых категория «здоровье» может иметь особое значение. Вместе с этим интересно проследить соотношение параметров отношения к здоровью с уровнем комплаентности к лечению

ВАРИАНТЫ КОГНИТИВНОГО ДЕФИЦИТА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПАРАНОИДНОЙ ШИЗОФРЕНИЕЙ

Pecific aspects of cognitive impairments in patients with paranoid schizophrenia depending on the clinical characteristics of the disease have been studied. One hundred and thirty patients were examined. A clinico-psychological, experimental psychological and statistical methods were used. Three main types of cognitive deficiency with paranoid schizophrenia, associated with the onset, disease duration, and severity of psychiatric symptomology : 1) long-term course of the disease accompanied by the average level of clinical symptomology associated with abnormal attention and visuospatial functions; 2) late onset of the disease and unexpressed clinical symptomology combined with memory impairments; 3) acute onset and early age combined with the absence of cognitive impairments.Была изучена специфика когнитивных нарушений у пациентов с параноидной шизофренией в зависимости от клинических характеристик заболевания. Были обследованы 130 пациентов. Использовались клинико-психологический, экспериментально-психологический и статистический методы. Выявлены три основных варианта когнитивного дефицита при параноидной шизофрении, которые были связаны с началом, длительностью заболевания и остротой психопатологической симптоматики: 1) длительное течение заболевания, сопровождающееся средним уровнем клинической симптоматики, сочетающееся с нарушением внимания и зрительно-пространственных функций; 2) позднее начало заболевания и невыраженная клиническая симптоматика, сочетающаяся с нарушениями памяти; 3) острое начало заболевания и ранний возраст, сочетающиеся с отсутствием когнитивных нарушений

Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic MnBi2_2Te4_4

The layered van der Waals antiferromagnet MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ has been predicted to combine the band ordering of archetypical topological insulators such as Bi$_2$Te$_3$ with the magnetism of Mn, making this material a viable candidate for the realization of various magnetic topological states. We have systematically investigated the surface electronic structure of MnBi$_2$Te$_4$(0001) single crystals by use of spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy experiments. In line with theoretical predictions, the results reveal a surface state in the bulk band gap and they provide evidence for the influence of exchange interaction and spin-orbit coupling on the surface electronic structure.Comment: Revised versio

Genetic Characterization of Small (s)-Segment Genome Puumala Virus Strain Kazan

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.The Republic of Tatarstan is one of the most active endemic regions for nephropathia epidemica (NE) in the Russian Federation. Annually, over 1000 cases of NE are registered, with an average mortality rate of 0.43 %. NE is a zoonosis where human become infected by inhaling a hantavirus-contaminated aerosol. Puumala virus is commonly detected in NE cases. Although NE cases have been registered in the region since 1958, little is known about the genetic variability of Puumala virus circulating in Tatarstan. We conducted phylogenetic analysis of the full length (1828 nt) small (S) segment genome sequence of Puumala virus RNA isolated from four bank voles (Myodes glareolus) captured during the 2014 outbreak. These virus sequences were compared to known sequences of Puumala viruses from nearby regions such as Samara and the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as to European isolates. We found that there was over 89 % nucleotide identity between Puumala virus sequences isolated from the bank voles captured in Tatarstan. Sequence identity between Puumala viruses from the Tatarstan bank voles and the sequences from Republic of Bashkortostan and the Samara region were 90–95 %. Less similarity was found between Tatarstan sequences and Puumala strains circulating in Europe (79.7–87.7 %). Taken together, these data suggest that Puumala viruses circulating within the bank vole population in the Republic of Tatarstan are phylogenetically closer to the viruses circulating in neighboring regions of Russia

ПРОБЛЕМЫ НЕТРУДОСПОСОБНОСТИ И ПРИВЕРЖЕННОСТИ ЛЕЧЕНИЮ У ВИЧ-ИНФИЦИРОВАННЫХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ

Introduction. This study focuses on the problem of early disability of patients with HIV-infection and treatment adherence and dispensary observation. Material and methods. The clinical and anamnestic analysis of 1136 out-patient records and medical records of patients registered at Saint-Petersburg State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare “Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases” and directed at medical and social examination was carried out. In addition, using the test methods we investigated the psychosocial characteristics of 76 patients who applied to the psychologist before the beginning of antiretroviral therapy, and assessed the treatment adherence a year after the start of treatment. Results. The results of the study indicated the increase in the proportion of patients at advanced stages of the disease, increased detection of HIV in older age groups. Late diagnosis of the disease is the cause of temporary disability and early disability of patients with HIV infection. The dynamics of the number of disabled persons due to HIV infection increasing. Men need more time to decide on dispensary care than women. The majority of patients with are men of working age, identified or sought medical care at the late stages of the disease. Women are more attentive to their health and have more complex treatment adherence than men. The interrelations of psychological and somatic characteristics with the level of adherence to medical recommendations were found. Введение. Данное исследование посвящено проблеме ранней инвалидизации пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией и приверженности лечению и диспансерному наблюдению.Материал и методы. Был проведен клинико-анамнестический анализ 1136 амбулаторных карт и историй болезни пациентов, состоящих на диспансерном учете в СПбГБУЗ «Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями» и направленных на медико-социальную экспертизу. Также с помощью тестовых методов исследованы психосоциальные особенности 76 пациентов, обратившихся к психологу перед началом приема антиретровирусной терапии, и произведена оценка приверженности спустя год с начала лечения. Результаты исследования. Установлено увеличение доли пациентов на продвинутых стадиях заболевания, учащение выявления ВИЧ в старших возрастных группах. Поздняя диагностика заболевания является причиной временной нетрудоспособности и ранней инвалидизации пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией. Динамика численности инвалидов вследствие ВИЧ-инфекции нарастает.Выводы. Мужчинам для принятия решения о диспансерном наблюдении требуется больше времени, чем женщинам. Основная часть пациентов, получающих инвалидность, – мужчины трудоспособного возраста, выявленные или обратившиеся за медицинской помощью уже на поздних стадиях заболевания. Женщины более внимательно относятся к своему здоровью, для них характерна более сложная структура приверженности, чем у мужчин. Обнаружены взаимосвязи психологических и соматических характеристик с уровнем приверженности соблюдению врачебных рекомендаций.

Genetic Diversity of Puumala Virus Isolates in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Republic of Mordovia

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Puumala virus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The bank vole (Myodes glareolus) is the natural reservoir of PUUV. Several distinct lineages of PUUV have been identified that circulate in bank voles worldwide; however, little is known about genetic diversity of the PUUV strains that cause NE in the Volga Region of Russia. Partial PUUV S segment sequences (171 bp) were isolated from 25 NE serum samples collected in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) and eight samples from the Republic of Mordovia (MR). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 14 PUUV sequences from RT were clustered together with the strains previously identified circulating in Russia, including those from Samara Oblast, RT (Kazan) and the Republic of Udmurtia. Interestingly, 11 PUUV sequences were grouped together with the virus strain from Pieksamaki, which belongs to the PUUV genetic lineage circulating in Finland. The majority of PUUV sequences isolated from MR were clustered with the strains from RT (Kazan) and Udmurtia; however, few strains were genetically closer to the strains “Ufa97.11” or the Pieksamaki. Thus, PUUV associated with NE in RT and MR displays high genetic diversity, suggesting co-circulation of at least two distinct genetic lineages in the Volga Region of Russia

Pressure-induced dimerization and valence bond crystal formation in the Kitaev-Heisenberg magnet alpha-RuCl3

Magnetization and high-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements of the Kitaev-Heisenberg material alpha-RuCl3 reveal a pressure-induced crystallographic and magnetic phase transition at a hydrostatic pressure of p=0.2 GPa. This structural transition into a triclinic phase is characterized by a very strong dimerization of the Ru-Ru bonds, accompanied by a collapse of the magnetic susceptibility. Ab initio quantum-chemistry calculations disclose a pressure-induced enhancement of the direct 4d-4d bonding on particular Ru-Ru links, causing a sharp increase of the antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. These combined experimental and computational data show that the Kitaev spin liquid phase in alpha-RuCl3 strongly competes with the crystallization of spin singlets into a valence bond solid

Two-dimensional ferromagnetic extension of a topological insulator

Inducing a magnetic gap at the Dirac point of the topological surface state (TSS) in a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is a route to dissipationless charge and spin currents. Ideally, magnetic order is present only at the surface, as through proximity of a ferromagnetic (FM) layer. However, experimental evidence of such a proximity-induced Dirac mass gap is missing, likely due to an insufficient overlap of TSS and the FM subsystem. Here, we take a different approach, namely ferromagnetic extension (FME), using a thin film of the 3D TI Bi2Te3, interfaced with a monolayer of the lattice-matched van der Waals ferromagnet MnBi2Te4. Robust 2D ferromagnetism with out-of-plane anisotropy and a critical temperature of Tc ≈ 15 K is demonstrated by x-ray magnetic dichroism and electrical transport measurements. Using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we observe the opening of a sizable magnetic gap in the 2D FM phase, while the surface remains gapless in the paramagnetic phase above Tc. Ferromagnetic extension paves the way to explore the interplay of strictly 2D magnetism and topological surface states, providing perspectives for realizing robust quantum anomalous Hall and chiral Majorana states.</p