Nursing Competencies Needed for Electronic Advance Care Planning in Community

Advance care planning implementation occurs acrossthe world using different legislative frameworks, differentlanguage to describe both the process and the outcome, anddifferent models to develop these plans. Many countries are inthe process of developing personally controlled electronic healthrecords. Including advance care plans as part of this record isproposed in Australia. The Electronic Advance Care Plan(eACP) in Community project aimed to develop a model that willengage community dwelling older adults with chronic lifelimitingillnesses in the process of advance care planning that isperson-centred, evidence-based and has a focus of dignity of life.A systematic review was conducted to identify models of advancecare planning information sharing and to examine the nurses’role. A realist review comprising a metasynthesis of 8 qualitativestudies and 9 quantitative studies was conducted. Nursingcompetencies need to be developed to include the medico-legalframework around advance care plan development, as well asinformation technology competencies and communicationcompetencies so that nurses around the world are betterinformed for end-of-life care planning and practice in a digitalworl

Subjective confidence influences word learning in a cross-situational statistical learning task

International audienceLearning is often accompanied by a subjective sense of confidence in one’s knowledge, a feeling of knowing what you know and how well you know it. Subjective confidence has been shown to guide learning in other domains, but has received little attention so far in the word learning literature. Across three word learning experiments, we investigated whether and how a sense of confidence in having acquired a word meaning influences the word learning process itself. First, we show evidence for a confirmation bias during word learning in a cross-situational statistical learning task: Learners who are highly confident they know the meaning of a word are more likely to persist in their belief than learners who are not, even after observing objective evidence disconfirming their belief. Second, we show that subjective confidence in a word meaning modulates inferential processes based on that word, affecting learning over the whole lexicon: Learners who hold high confidence in a word meaning are more likely to use that word to make mutual exclusivity inferences about the meaning of other words. We conclude that confidence influences word learning by modulating both information selection processes and inferential processes and discuss the implications of these results for word learning models

Power and Pain: Dickinson\u27s Approach to the Sublime

Dickinson\u27s poetry remains an enigma for contemporary readers and scholars because she maintained such a reclusive life as a poet. The ambiguity of her personal and professional life reflects the uncertainty in her poetry, and her refusal to publish much of her work in her lifetime further obscures concrete readings of her poems. However, she did prepare her poetry in the form of manuscript books for future readers. Unlike other authors, Dickinson offered no guidelines on how to approach her work. This lack of guidance has created a constant struggle of interpreting Dickinson\u27s poetry, and to try a resolve this issue we look to read her poems in the context of their manuscript. The links between different poems in these collections help illuminate our understanding of individual poems within. She tackles issues like power from a variety of points of view. Reading a poem like A nearness to Tremendousness in the context of its entire manuscript begins to offer new ways to approach the poem\u27s meaning and to shape our interpretation. The original poem of A nearness to Tremendousness initially reads as a speaker investigating the cost of greatness, affliction, and discontent with life\u27s need for variety. However, the accompanying fascicle reveals how the ideas of success\u27s cost applies to a variety of topics, such as religion, love, and publication. For Dickinson, approaching power brought on a certain level of agony, and reading all the poems in the manuscript together reveals how the idea of power applies to many aspects of life and death.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/fsrs2020/1069/thumbnail.jp

Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Selbstbestimmung von Programm-Teilnehmer*innen in Programmen der Arbeitsintegration : ein Kooperationsprojekt des Schweizerischen Arbeiterhilfswerks (SAH) Bern und des Instituts Vielfalt und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe am Departement Soziale Arbeit der Züricher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) (September 2018 – Oktober 2018)

Zusammenfassung zum Schlussberich

A Neutron Scattering Study of the Structure of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Stabilized Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PDMS–PMMA) Latexes in Dodecane

Hard-sphere particles in nonpolar solvents are an essential tool for colloid scientists. Sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles have long been used as the exemplary hard-sphere system. However, neither the particles themselves nor the poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) (PHSA) stabilizer necessary to prevent aggregation in nonpolar solvents are commercially available. To counter this, several alternatives have been proposed. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stabilizers as a commercially available alternative to PHSA, yet the structure of particles made in this way is not as well understood as those produced using PHSA. In this work, we employ small-angle neutron scattering to determine the internal structure of PDMS-stabilized PMMA particles, synthesized with and without an additional crosslinking agent. We report data consistent with a homogeneous PMMA core with a linearly decaying PDMS shell. The thickness of the shell was in excess of 50 nm, thicker than the PHSA layer typically used to stabilize PMMA but consistent with reports of the layer thickness for similar molecular weight PDMS at planar surfaces. We also show that the amount of the hydrogenous material in the particle core of the crosslinked particles notably exceeds the amount of added ethylene glycol dimethacrylate crosslinker, suggesting some entrapment of the PDMS stabilizer in the PMMA matrix

Prospective pathways to depressive symptoms and disordered eating in adolescence: A 7-year longitudinal cohort study

Eating pathology and depressive symptoms increase during adolescence, yet predictive pathways remain predominantly unexplored, despite their implications for prevention. The present study aimed to identify shared risk factors for eating pathology and depressive symptoms by evaluating an adapted Dual-Pathway Model of disordered eating, which postulated that higher BMI would predict disordered eating and depressive symptoms via pathways between body dissatisfaction, later BMI, depressive symptoms, and visible indicators of puberty (breast development for girls, height for boys). The participants were 8,915 children (49% girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a population-based cohort study of British children, who were assessed at different intervals between the age of 7 to 14 years. Path analyses revealed that, for girls, childhood BMI exerted indirect effects on disordered eating via body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and more advanced breast development, with indirect pathways identified to depressive symptoms via earlier depressive symptoms and more advanced breast development. For boys, childhood BMI had indirect effects on disordered eating via later BMI and body dissatisfaction, while only earlier depressive symptoms were found to have an independent and direct effect on adolescent depressive symptoms. This study reveals shared and independent risk factors for eating pathology and depressive symptoms in adolescence and suggests targets for preventative interventions, including higher BMI, body dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms, in addition to advanced breast development, for girls

Immersion in digital fiction

In this article, we profile an empirically grounded, cognitive approach to immersion in digital fiction by combining text-driven stylistic analysis with insights from theories of cognition and reader-response research. We offer a new analytical method for immersive features in digital fiction by developing deictic shift theory for the affordances of digital media. We also provide empirically substantiated insights to show how immersion is experienced cognitively by using Andy Campbell and Judi Alston’s (2015) digital fiction piece WALLPAPER as a case study. We add ‘interactional deixis’ and ‘audible deixis’ to Stockwell’s (2002) model to account for the multimodal nature of immersion in digital fiction. We also show how extra-textual features can contribute to immersion and thus propose that they should be accounted for when analysing immersion across media. We conclude that the analytical framework and reader response protocol that we develop here can be adapted for application to texts across media